Psicopatología y género: visión longitudinal e histórica a través del DSM

Article information

Resumen

Introducción

El estudio del género y sus efectos en la salud mental es un fascinante y creciente campo de la investigación clínica. La exclusión de mujeres en la mayoría de estudios clínicos ha dado lugar a vacíos importantes sobre las enfermedades mentales y su tratamiento.

Objetivos

(a) Examinar áreas relevantes de la relación entre el género y la vulnerabilidad a los trastornos mentales; (b) a la luz de investigaciones recientes, revisar la historia del uso del género en las cuatro versiones del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM), y (c) evidenciar posibilidades, ventajas y desventajas de la activa consideración de género en DSM-V, que se va a publicar dentro de los próximos cuatro o cinco años.

Método

La búsqueda de estudios fue realizada a través de las bases de datos: PubMed, Medline, Ovid, LILACS y SciELO.

Resultado y conclusión

La enfermedad mental es el resultado de una compleja matriz de factores, como perfil genético, experiencias recientes y eventos vitales tempranos, apoyo social, creencias religiosas y, por supuesto, el género.

Palabras clave:

género

trastornos mentales

DSM

Abstract

Introduction

The study of gender and its effects on mental health is a fascinating and growing field of clinical research. The exclusion of women in most clinical studies has generated significant gaps in our knowledge about mental illnesses and their treatments.

Objectives

(a) First, to examine relevant areas of the relationship between gender and vulnerability to mental disorders; (b) on the basis of recent research, to review the history of the use of gender in the four versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and, finally, (c) to show the possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of an active consideration of gender in DSM-V, to be published within the next four or five years.

Method

The search for studies was conducted through the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Ovid, LILACS, and SciELO.

Results and conclusion

Mental illness is the result of a complex matrix of factors such as genetic profile, recent experiences and early life events, social support, religious beliefs, and, of course, gender.

Key words:

Gender

mental disorders

DSM

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Conflicto de interés: los autores manifiestan que no tienen ningún conflicto de interés en este artículo.

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