metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Suicidabilidad en adolescentes, una comparación con población adulta
Journal Information
Vol. 39. Issue 4.
Pages 683-692 (December 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 39. Issue 4.
Pages 683-692 (December 2010)
Artículos originales
Full text access
Suicidabilidad en adolescentes, una comparación con población adulta
Suicide Potential in Adolescents: A Comparison with Adult Population
Visits
1035
Germán Eduardo Rueda-Jaimes1,
Corresponding author
gredu@unab.edu.co

Correspondencia: Germán Eduardo Rueda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Calle 157 N° 19-55 Cañaveral Parque, Bucaramanga, Colombia
, Andrés Mauricio Rangel Martínez-Villalba2, Vanessa Alexandra Castro-Rueda2, Paul Anthony Camacho3
1 Profesor asociado y director del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría del Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga; director Científico del Instituto del Sistema Nervioso del Oriente. Bucaramanga, Colombia
2 Médico(a), investigador del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Bucaramanga, Colombia
3 MSc, investigador invitado del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Bucaramanga, Colombia
This item has received
Article information
Resumen
Introducción

El suicidio es la tercera causa de muerte violenta en los adolescentes colombianos. En las últimas cuatro décadas del siglo XX, en Colombia y en el mundo las tasas de suicidio aumentaron en adolescentes. Son escasos los trabajos que comparan las características de los pacientes adolescentes con potencial suicida en Latinoamérica.

Objetivo

Determinar las diferencias entre adolescentes y adultos con ideas o actitudes suicidas que acuden a una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Método

Se tomó una muestra consecutiva a pacientes con potencial suicida que acudieron a atención psiquiátrica. Se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada que interrogaba sobre los principales factores de riesgo y protectores para suicidio. Se realizó una regresión logística tomando como variable dependiente la adolescencia y se ajustó por las variables de confusión.

Resultados

Se entrevistaron 448 adultos y 85 menores de 18 años de edad. Los adolescentes presentaron una edad promedio de 15,2±1,5, y los adultos, 35,9±13,6 años. Los adolescentes fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, presentaron más intentos suicidas (OR=3,64; IC95%: 2,13-6,20), pero menos trastornos mentales severos (OR=0,42; 0,25-0,71).

Conclusiones

Los adolescentes bumangueses con riesgo suicida fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, tuvieron mayor porcentaje de intentos suicidas y problemas mentales de menor gravedad que los adultos.

Palabras clave:
suicidio
intento de suicidio
adolescentes
Abstract
Introduction

Suicide is the third leading cause of violent death in Colombian adolescents. In the last four decades of the twentieth century adolescent suicide rates increased in Colombia and in the world. There are few studies comparing the characteristics of suicidal adolescent patients in Latin America.

Objective

To determine the differences between suicidal adolescents and adults seen at the mental health services of a private clinic in Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Methods

The sample consisted of all consecutive suicidal patients attending a clinic for psychiatric care. They all underwent a semistructured interview asking about demographic characteristics and major risk and protective factors for suicide. A logistic regression analysis was performed with adolescence as the dependent variable adjusted for confounding variables.

Results

We interviewed 448 adults and 85 patients under 18. Adolescents had a mean age of 15.2±1.5 and adults 35.9 ± 13.6 years. Adolescents were more often female, had more suicide attempts (OR=3.64; 95%CI: 2.13-6.20), but less severe mental disorders (OR=0.42; 0.25-0.71).

Conclusions

Colombian suicidal adolescents were more often female, with the highest percentage of suicide attempts, and with less severe mental health problems than adults.

Key words:
Suicide
attempted suicide
adolescents
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Referencias
[1]
World Health Organization.
Suicide prevention (SUPRE) [Internet], World Health Organization, (2009),
[2]
Organización Mundial de la Salud.
El suicidio un problema de salud pública enorme y sin embargo prevenible, según la OMS [Internet], Organización Mundial de la Salud, (2004),
[3]
DM Valenzuela Cortés.
Suicidio. Colombia, 2009. Epidemiología del suicidio [Internet], Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, (2010),
[4]
World Health Organization.
Multisite intervention study on suicidal behaviours: components and instruments, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence, World Health Organization, (2000),
[5]
R Sánchez, S Orejarena, Y Guzmán, J Forero.
Suicidio en Bogotá: un fenómeno que aumenta en poblaciones jóvenes.
Biomédica, 22 (2002), pp. 417-424
[6]
C Gómez-Restrepo, N Rodríguez, L Romero, C Pinilla, E López, N Díaz-Granados, et al.
Suicidio y lesiones autoinflingidas Colombia, 1973-1996.
Rev Col Psiquiatr, 31 (2002), pp. 91-104
[7]
MS Gould, R King, S Greenwald, P Fisher, M Schwab-Stone, R Kramer, et al.
Psychopathology associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among children and adolescents.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 37 (1998), pp. 915-923
[8]
D Shaffer, MS Gould, P Fisher, P Trautman, D Moreau, M Kleinman, et al.
Psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent suicide.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 53 (1996), pp. 339-348
[9]
DL Zahl, K Hawton.
Repetition of deliberate self-harm and subsequent suicide risk: long-term follow-up study of 11,583 patients.
Br J Psychiatry, 185 (2004), pp. 70-75
[10]
C Gómez-Restrepo, N Rodríguez, A Bohórquez, N Díaz-Granados, MB Ospina, C Fernández.
Factores asociados al intento de suicidio en la población colombiana.
Rev Col Psiquiatr, 31 (2002), pp. 271-286
[11]
MO Evans, HG Morgan, A Hayward, DJ Gunnell.
Crisis telephone consultation for deliberate self-harm patients: effects on repetition.
Br J Psychiatry, 175 (1999), pp. 23-27
[12]
K Hawton, J Fagg, S Simkin.
Deliberate self-poisoning and self-injury in children and adolescents under 16 years of age in Oxford, 1976-1993.
Br J Psychiatry, 169 (1996), pp. 202-208
[13]
M Parellada, P Saiz, D Moreno, J Vidal, C Llorente, M Álvarez, et al.
Is attempted suicide different in adolescents and adults?.
Psychiatry Res, 157 (2008), pp. 131-137
[14]
Colombia, Ministerio de Salud.
Resolución 008430 por la cual se establecen las normas científicas, técnicas y administrativas para la investigación en salud, Ministerio de Salud, (1993),
[15]
Asociación Médica Mundial.
Declaración de Helsinki [Internet], Asociación Médica Mundial, (1998),
[16]
MM Silverman.
The language of suicidology.
Suicide Life Threat Behav, 36 (2006), pp. 519-532
[17]
STATA 9.0 for windows, StataCorp LP, (2005),
[18]
S Greenland.
Modeling and variable selection in epidemiologic analysis.
Am J Public Health, 79 (1989), pp. 340-349
[19]
DW Hosmer, S Lemeshow.
Applied logistic regression, 2a ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc, (2000),
[20]
EK Moscicki.
Identification of suicide risk factors using epidemiologic studies.
Psychiatr Clin North Am, 20 (1997), pp. 499-517
[21]
Y Conwell, PR Duberstein, C Cox, J Herrmann, N Forbes, ED Caine.
Age differences in behaviors leading to completed suicide.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 6 (1998), pp. 122-126
[22]
LR Fortuna, DJ Pérez, G Canino, W Sribney, M Alegría.
Prevalence and correlates of lifetime suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among Latino subgroups in the United States.
J Clin Psychiatry, 68 (2007), pp. 572-581
[23]
A Guzmán, A Koons, TT Postolache.
Suicidal behavior in Latinos: focus on the youth.
Int J Adolesc Med Health, 21 (2009), pp. 431-439
[24]
AM Marbella, H Yang, CE Guse, JR Meurer, PM Layde.
Adolescent hospital discharges associated with self-poisonings in Wisconsin, 2000-2002.
WMJ, 104 (2005), pp. 59-64
[25]
NA Buckley, AH Dawson, IM Whyte, P Hazell, A Meza, H Britt.
An analysis of age and gender influences on the relative risk for suicide and psychotropic drug self-poisoning.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 93 (1996), pp. 168-171
[26]
P Nordström, M Samuelsson, M Åsberg.
Survival analysis of suicide risk after attempted suicide.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 91 (1995), pp. 336-340
[27]
MK Nock, TE Joiner Jr, KH Gordon, E Lloyd-Richardson, MJ Prinstein.
Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts.
Psychiatry Res, 144 (2006), pp. 65-72
[28]
J Csorba, E Dinya, P Plener, E Nagy, E Páli.
Clinical diagnoses, characteristics of risk behaviour, differences between suicidal and non-suicidal subgroups of Hungarian adolescent outpatients practising self-injury.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 18 (2009), pp. 309-320
[29]
DL Karch, LL Dahlberg, N Patel.
Surveillance for violent deaths–National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 States, 2007.
MMWR Surveill Summ, 59 (2010), pp. 1-50
[30]
A Doshi, ED Boudreaux, N Wang, AJ Pelletier, CA Camargo Jr.
National study of US emergency department visits for attempted suicide and self-inflicted injury, 1997-2001.
Ann Emerg Med, 46 (2005), pp. 369-375
[31]
LH Chaudron, P Remington.
Age and gender differences in suicide trends, Wisconsin and the United States, 1980-1994.
WMJ, 98 (1999), pp. 35-38

Conflictos de interés: los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Copyright © 2010. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Download PDF
Article options