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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Suicidabilidad en adolescentes, una comparación con población adulta
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Vol. 39. Issue 4.
Pages 683-692 (December 2010)
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Vol. 39. Issue 4.
Pages 683-692 (December 2010)
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Suicidabilidad en adolescentes, una comparación con población adulta
Suicide Potential in Adolescents: A Comparison with Adult Population
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Germán Eduardo Rueda-Jaimes1,
Corresponding author
gredu@unab.edu.co

Correspondencia: Germán Eduardo Rueda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Calle 157 N° 19-55 Cañaveral Parque, Bucaramanga, Colombia
, Andrés Mauricio Rangel Martínez-Villalba2, Vanessa Alexandra Castro-Rueda2, Paul Anthony Camacho3
1 Profesor asociado y director del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría del Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga; director Científico del Instituto del Sistema Nervioso del Oriente. Bucaramanga, Colombia
2 Médico(a), investigador del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Bucaramanga, Colombia
3 MSc, investigador invitado del Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Resumen
Introducción

El suicidio es la tercera causa de muerte violenta en los adolescentes colombianos. En las últimas cuatro décadas del siglo XX, en Colombia y en el mundo las tasas de suicidio aumentaron en adolescentes. Son escasos los trabajos que comparan las características de los pacientes adolescentes con potencial suicida en Latinoamérica.

Objetivo

Determinar las diferencias entre adolescentes y adultos con ideas o actitudes suicidas que acuden a una clínica privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Método

Se tomó una muestra consecutiva a pacientes con potencial suicida que acudieron a atención psiquiátrica. Se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada que interrogaba sobre los principales factores de riesgo y protectores para suicidio. Se realizó una regresión logística tomando como variable dependiente la adolescencia y se ajustó por las variables de confusión.

Resultados

Se entrevistaron 448 adultos y 85 menores de 18 años de edad. Los adolescentes presentaron una edad promedio de 15,2±1,5, y los adultos, 35,9±13,6 años. Los adolescentes fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, presentaron más intentos suicidas (OR=3,64; IC95%: 2,13-6,20), pero menos trastornos mentales severos (OR=0,42; 0,25-0,71).

Conclusiones

Los adolescentes bumangueses con riesgo suicida fueron con mayor frecuencia mujeres, tuvieron mayor porcentaje de intentos suicidas y problemas mentales de menor gravedad que los adultos.

Palabras clave:
suicidio
intento de suicidio
adolescentes
Abstract
Introduction

Suicide is the third leading cause of violent death in Colombian adolescents. In the last four decades of the twentieth century adolescent suicide rates increased in Colombia and in the world. There are few studies comparing the characteristics of suicidal adolescent patients in Latin America.

Objective

To determine the differences between suicidal adolescents and adults seen at the mental health services of a private clinic in Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Methods

The sample consisted of all consecutive suicidal patients attending a clinic for psychiatric care. They all underwent a semistructured interview asking about demographic characteristics and major risk and protective factors for suicide. A logistic regression analysis was performed with adolescence as the dependent variable adjusted for confounding variables.

Results

We interviewed 448 adults and 85 patients under 18. Adolescents had a mean age of 15.2±1.5 and adults 35.9 ± 13.6 years. Adolescents were more often female, had more suicide attempts (OR=3.64; 95%CI: 2.13-6.20), but less severe mental disorders (OR=0.42; 0.25-0.71).

Conclusions

Colombian suicidal adolescents were more often female, with the highest percentage of suicide attempts, and with less severe mental health problems than adults.

Key words:
Suicide
attempted suicide
adolescents
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Conflictos de interés: los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Copyright © 2010. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
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