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Vol. 31. Issue S1.
Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Autoimmune Diseases
Pages S45-S53 (April 2024)
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Vol. 31. Issue S1.
Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Autoimmune Diseases
Pages S45-S53 (April 2024)
Review Article
Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: Aiming to define, refine, and treat
Neumonía intersticial con características autoinmunes: definir, afinar y tratar
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Elena K. Joernsa,
Corresponding author
elena.joerns@utsouthwestern.edu

Corresponding author.
, Jeffrey A. Sparksb
a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
b Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Table 1. Classification for interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features.
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Special issue
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Vol. 31. Issue S1

Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Autoimmune Diseases

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Abstract

Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) was defined for research purposes as interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with features of autoimmunity without diagnosed rheumatic disease (RD). Since publication of the IPAF criteria in 2015, there have been multiple studies of IPAF. However, much remains unknown regarding pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment in IPAF. This narrative review details the history and classification of IPAF, lists challenges associated with classifying patients as IPAF, and explores the prevalence, epidemiology, and presentation of IPAF. We also examine prognosis and important features determining IPAF clinical course, outline pathogenesis, and review treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features
Pathophysiology
Interstitial lung disease
Immunosuppressive therapy
Antifibrotic therapy
Resumen

La neumonía intersticial con características autoinmunes (interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features [IPAF]) se definió, para fines de investigación, como enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) con hallazgos de autoinmunidad, sin evidencia de enfermedad reumática (ER) diagnosticada. Desde la publicación de los criterios de clasificación de IPAF en el año 2015, se han venido realizando múltiples estudios acerca de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, aún queda mucho por conocer sobre la patogénesis, el pronóstico y el tratamiento de la IPAF. Esta revisión narrativa detalla la historia y la clasificación de la IPAF, enumera los desafíos asociados con la clasificación de los pacientes como IPAF y explora la prevalencia, la epidemiología y las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad. Asimismo, explicamos la patogenia, el pronóstico junto con las características importantes que determinan el curso clínico de IPAF, y revisamos las estrategias de tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Neumonía intersticial con características autoinmunes
Fisiopatología
Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial
Terapia inmunosupresora
Terapia antifibrótica

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