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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología Consideraciones de los desgastes del polietileno aplicados a prótesis totales d...
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 175-181 (January 2003)
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 175-181 (January 2003)
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Consideraciones de los desgastes del polietileno aplicados a prótesis totales de cadera
Considerations regarding polyethylene wear in total hip arthroplasty
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H. Fahandezh-Saddi Díaz
Corresponding author
homid@navegalia.com

Correspondencia: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. C/ Dr. Esquerdo, 46. 28007 Madrid.
, A. Villa García, A. Ríos Luna, J. Vaquero Martín
Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid
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El desgaste del polietileno es un problema que ha preocupado desde que se utilizó por primera vez en el reemplazo articular. Son numerosas las causas que influyen en su desgaste, interviniendo factores biológicos como la edad, factores de diseño de los componentes, así como factores técnicos, que junto con los anteriores dan lugar a una alteración del polietileno más o menos precoz. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de las cirugías de revisión secundarias a alteraciones del polietileno, en las que se utilizó de forma primaria un cotilo poroso impactado y un vástago femoral AML® (Depuy), en el período de tiempo comprendido entre 1988 y 1990. Encontramos que, con un seguimiento superior a 10 años (rango 120 a 132 meses), en un 11,1% se precisó reintervención por esta causa, y valoramos cuales son las principales causas que influyen en el desgaste.

En nuestra serie los factores determinantes han sido: utilización de un núcleo de polietileno de baja resistencia, uso de cabezas de 32 mm, así como la colocación del cotilo con un ángulo de inclinación acetabular inadecuado.

Palabras clave:
polietileno
osteólisis
desgaste

Polyethylene wear is a problem that has concerned us since this material was first used in joint replacement. Many factors influence wear, including biological factors like age, component design, and technical factors that, combined with the others, can lead sooner or later to polyethylene wear. A retrospective study was made of revision interventions for polyethylene wear carried out between 1988 and 1990, in which the primary prosthesis was an impacted porous cup and an AML® (Depuy) femoral stem. After a follow-up period of more than 10 years (range 120 to 132 months), reinterventions were required for polyethylene wear in 11.1%. We evaluated the main causes of wear.

In our series, the determinant factors were the use of a lowresistance polyethylene core, 32 mm heads, and cup implantation at an incorrect acetabular angle.

Key words:
polyethylene
osteolysis
wear
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Cirugia Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT)
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