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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología Estudio de la movilidad meniscal con TAC en prótesis totales de rodilla con sop...
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 182-187 (January 2003)
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 182-187 (January 2003)
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Estudio de la movilidad meniscal con TAC en prótesis totales de rodilla con soportes móviles de polietileno
CT scan study of meniscal mobility in total knee prostheses with mobile polyethylene components
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J. Sarasquete Reiriza,
Corresponding author
jsarasquete@hsp.santpau.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. C/ S. Antonio M. Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona.
, F. CelayaCelaya Ibáñeza, J. Llauger Rossellob, P. del Pozo Manriquea
a Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona
b Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona
M. Jordán Sales
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Objetivo

Analizar la movilidad meniscal mediante tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) en prótesis total de rodilla con meniscos móviles de polietileno.

Material y método

Quince prótesis con un seguimiento mínimo de 24 meses fueron sometidas a un estudio con TAC funcional para determinar la movilidad meniscal con movimientos de extensión, flexión y rotación axial de la rodilla. Se analizó la cinemática articular y el grado de desplazamiento de los soportes meniscales con el sistema digital de medición GP-9 Sonic Digitizer.

Resultados

Observamos desplazamiento de los soportes meniscales en todos los casos analizados. El menisco interno se desplazó un promedio de 4,5 mm (mínimo 1 mm y máximo 9,5 mm) y el menisco externo 5 mm (1,1 mínimo y 11,6 máximo). El grado de movimiento fue mayor en el compartimento externo (p = 0,19) y durante la rotación axial (p = 0,09). Se vieron dos tipos básicos de movimiento; en 12 artroplastias (80%) el movimiento meniscal se aproximaba al desplazamiento de los meniscos de una rodilla normal; en el resto, se produjo un movimiento anómalo anterior de los meniscos al realizar la flexión de rodilla, sin relación con inestabilidad ligamentosa (p > 0,05) ni repercusión funcional aparente.

Conclusiones

El movimiento meniscal se conservó a medio plazo, siendo similar al de una rodilla normal en la mayoría de las artroplastias estudiadas.

Palabras clave:
prótesis de rodilla
menisco
TAC
biomecánica
Objective

To analyze meniscal mobility by scanning total knee prostheses with mobile polyethylene menisci.

Materials and methods

Fifteen patients with prostheses and a minimum follow-up of 24 months underwent a functional CT scan to determine meniscal mobility with knee extension, flexion, and axial rotation. The articular kinematics and degree of displacement of the meniscal components were analyzed with the GP-9 Sonic Digitizer digital measurement system.

Results

Displacement of the meniscal components was observed in every case analyzed. The medial meniscus was displaced by a mean of 4.5 mm (minimum: 1 mm and maximum: 9.5 mm) and the lateral meniscus, 5 mm (min 1.1 mm and max: 11.6 mm). The degree of movement was greater in the lateral compartment (p = 0.19) and during axial rotation (p = 0.09). Two basic types of movement were seen. In 12 arthroplasties (80%), the meniscal movement was close to that of the movement of menisci in a normal knee. In the rest of the menisci, there was an anomalous anterior movement of the menisci with knee flexion that was unrelated to ligamentous stability (p > 0.05) or any apparent functional effect.

Conclusions

Meniscal movement was conserved for an intermediate-length period, and was similar to that of a normal knee in most of the arthroplasties studied.

Key words:
knee prosthesis
meniscus
CT scan
biomechanics
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Cirugia Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT)
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