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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología Fundamentos de los procesos de reparación tisular: factores de crecimiento
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Vol. 49. Issue S1.
Pages 5-16 (October 2005)
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Vol. 49. Issue S1.
Pages 5-16 (October 2005)
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Fundamentos de los procesos de reparación tisular: factores de crecimiento
Basics of tissue regeneration: growth factors
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F.J.. García Esteoa, J.M.. García Castellanob,
Corresponding author
jmgc_61@yahoo.com

Correspondencia: J.M. García Castellano. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular Dr. Negrín. Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria. Barranco de la Ballena s/n. 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. jmgc_61@yahoo.com
, A.J.. Pérez-Caballerc
a Servicio de COT. Hospital de Madrid-Torrelodones. Dpto. Biología Molecular. Universidad Alcalá de Henares. Madrid
b Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular Dr. Negrín. Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria. Madrid
c Hospital de Madrid-Torrelodones. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad San Pablo-CEU. Madrid
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Introducción

La reparación de las lesiones tisulares constituye un complejo proceso biológico que comprende la integración de diversos estadios tales como la inflamación, la quimiotaxis y división celular, la angiogénesis, la síntesis de las proteínas de la matriz extracelular y la remodelación del tejido neoformado.

Objetivo

El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar en los procesos de reparación tisular, así como analizar las distintas estirpes de factores de crecimiento y en concreto, el plasma rico en dichos factores por su amplio uso en nuestra especialidad.

Revisión de la bibliografía

Los procesos de formación de un tejido que reproduce las propiedades morfológicas y biomecánicas del tejido previo, la activación de una proliferación masiva de varias estirpes celulares en la región dañada, que el organismo sabe activar y controlar localmente una vez restituida la población celular necesaria son, en definitiva, datos que explican el interés científico creciente de diversos campos biomédicos en la reparación tisular.

Conclusión

En el campo de la Cirugía Ortopédica y la Traumatología, prácticamente todas las patologías integran procesos de reparación tisular. Además, un gran número de complicaciones médicas o quirúrgicas puede ser atribuido a deficiencias en la reparación de los tejidos. En este sentido las recientes terapias con la utilización de factores de crecimiento constituyen opciones que deben ser estudiadas y debatidas en profundidad.

Palabras clave:
reparación tisular
factores de crecimiento
cirugía ortopédica
biología
Introduction

The repair of tissue damage is a complex biological process involving various integrated stages, such as inflammation, chemotaxis and cell division, angiogenesis, synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, and remodeling of neoformed tissue.

Aim

Tissue repair processes were examined and different lines of growth factors were analyzed, specifically, growth factor-rich plasma, which is widely used in our specialty.

Literature review

The processes of formation of a tissue that reproduces the morphologic and biomechanical properties of the original tissue, and the activation of massive proliferation of various cell lines in the damaged area that the body can activate and control locally once the necessary cell population is restored are findings that explain growing scientific interest in tissue repair in various biomedical fields.

Conclusions

In the field of orthopedic surgery, almost all pathologies involve tissue repair processes. In addition, a large number of medical or surgical complications can be attributed to impaired tissue repair. Consequently, recent therapies using growth factors are options that merit study and debate in depth.

Keywords:
tissue repair
growth factors
orthopedic surgery
biology
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