Original Article
Discoid meniscus in children and adolescents: Correlation between morphology and meniscal tears
Menisco discoide en niños y adolescentes: correlación entre la morfología y la presencia de lesiones
Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología Infantil, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina
Read
3100
Timeswas read the article
561
Total PDF
2539
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S1988885618300877" "issn" => "19888856" "doi" => "10.1016/j.recote.2018.12.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-01-01" "aid" => "770" "copyright" => "SECOT" "copyrightAnyo" => "2018" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2019;63:24-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1888441518301322" "issn" => "18884415" "doi" => "10.1016/j.recot.2018.08.002" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-01-01" "aid" => "770" "copyright" => "SECOT" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2019;63:24-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 182 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 117 "PDF" => 65 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Menisco discoide en niños y adolescentes: correlación entre la morfología y la presencia de lesiones" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "24" "paginaFinal" => "28" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Discoid meniscus in children and adolescents: Correlation between morphology and meniscal tears" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1148 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 136732 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Medición de la altura y el ancho meniscal.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.J. Masquijo, F. Bernocco, J. Porta" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Masquijo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Bernocco" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Porta" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1988885618300877" "doi" => "10.1016/j.recote.2018.12.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1988885618300877?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1888441518301322?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18884415/0000006300000001/v1_201901020605/S1888441518301322/v1_201901020605/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1988885618300907" "issn" => "19888856" "doi" => "10.1016/j.recote.2018.12.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-01-01" "aid" => "769" "copyright" => "SECOT" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2019;63:29-34" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Results of partial resurfacing of humeral head in patients with avascular necrosis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "29" "paginaFinal" => "34" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Resultados de la artroplastia parcial de superficie para el tratamiento de pacientes con necrosis ósea avascular del húmero proximal" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1752 "Ancho" => 1583 "Tamanyo" => 255790 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">51-Year-old patient diagnosed with humeral head ABN treated with partial resurfacing arthroplasty (HemiCup<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>). (A and B) Radiography and magnetic resonance imaging of the left shoulder showing signs of subchondral collapse, and integrity of the glenoid surface (Cruess 3). (C) Intraoperative image showing loss of humeral head sphericity. (D) Control radiography at 52 months postoperatively, showing good outcome.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "M. Ranalletta, A. Bertona, I. Tanoira, L.A. Rossi, S. Bongiovanni, G.D. Maignón" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Ranalletta" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Bertona" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Tanoira" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L.A." "apellidos" => "Rossi" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Bongiovanni" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G.D." "apellidos" => "Maignón" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1988885618300907?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/19888856/0000006300000001/v1_201901100606/S1988885618300907/v1_201901100606/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1988885618300890" "issn" => "19888856" "doi" => "10.1016/j.recote.2018.12.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-01-01" "aid" => "771" "copyright" => "SECOT" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2019;63:20-3" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Reliability of the talocalcaneal angle for the evaluation of hindfoot alignment" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "20" "paginaFinal" => "23" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Fiabilidad del ángulo astrágalo-calcáneo para la evaluación de la alineación del retropié" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1103 "Ancho" => 1913 "Tamanyo" => 99069 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(A) Sagittal slice of the foot, including the base of the second metatarsal bone. A line is drawn in this slice that runs through the centre of the posterior subtalar joint. This slice was translated to the coronal plane to take the measurements. (B) Talus-calcaneus angle between a line perpendicular to the talus dome and another line perpendicular to the inferior edge of the calcaneus.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.J. Masquijo, D. Tourn, A. Torres-Gomez" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Masquijo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Tourn" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Torres-Gomez" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1988885618300890?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/19888856/0000006300000001/v1_201901100606/S1988885618300890/v1_201901100606/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Discoid meniscus in children and adolescents: Correlation between morphology and meniscal tears" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "24" "paginaFinal" => "28" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J.J. Masquijo, F. Bernocco, J. Porta" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Masquijo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jmasquijo@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Bernocco" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Porta" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología Infantil, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Menisco discoide en niños y adolescentes: correlación entre la morfología y la presencia de lesiones" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1148 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 136025 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measurement of meniscal height and width.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Discoid meniscus (DM) is an anatomical variation in which the meniscus has a greater than normal size and thickness. Some authors state that it is also associated with a reduction and alteration in the arrangement of the collagen fibres.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> This involvement was described for the first time by Young<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> in 1889 in a cadaveric specimen, while Kroiss publicised it in 1910 and described it as the “snapping knee syndrome”.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aetiology of this condition is still unclear. Historically it was suggested that the shape of a normal meniscus resulted from the gradual reabsorption of its central part.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Subsequent anatomical studies have shown that a normal meniscus is never discoid at any stage of embryonic development.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> The literature describes an incidence of approximately 0.4% to 17% for external DM and from 0.1% to 0.3% for internal DM.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Nevertheless, the true incidence of this condition is unknown, given that it may be present asymptomatically.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A DM is more vulnerable to injury than a normal meniscus. Some authors have suggested a range of factors that would predispose it to meniscal lesions. These include its reduced vascularisation and the peripheral stability and thickness of the MD.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8–10</span></a> However, although the latter factor is constantly mentioned in the literature, it has hardly been studied to date.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aims of this study are: (1) To use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to analyse the morphological characteristics of a group of patients with DM and (2) to correlate meniscus size with the presence of meniscal tears.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Material and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Study design</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Transversal (level of evidence: III).</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A computerised search was used to identify patients ≤18 years old with MRI of the knee performed in the diagnostic imaging department of the Sanatorio Allende over a 5 year period (January 2011 to January 2016). Patients with a history of previous knee surgery were excluded, as this may affect the analysis undertaken in this study.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Magnetic resonance imaging</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">MRI was performed using eight channel 1.5-T Philips equipment. The scanning parameters for the coronal DP Fat Sat axial sequence were: slice thickness: 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, TR: 3080<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms, TE 36<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms. Sagittal DP: slice thickness 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, TR: 4700<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms, TE: 71<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms. Coronal DP: slice thickness 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, TR: 2730<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms, TE: 23<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms. Sagittal T1 and T2: slice thickness 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, TR: 540<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms, TE: 12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ms. Contrast material was not used in any case.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Image evaluation</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Kodak Carestream PACS v. 10.2 imaging software was used to analyse and store the images. Two observers (JM and JP) evaluated the images separately and then established interpretations by consensus. The diagnosis was considered to be DM in cases with a transverse meniscus diameter greater than 20% of the total width of the tibia and/or when in the sagittal plane the bun sign was present in 3 consecutive slices.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When patients were diagnosed DM their demographic data were analysed, together with their skeletal maturity (open or closed physis), clinical symptoms at the moment of the MRI and location (medial or lateral). Morphology was described as complete or incomplete DM depending on whether or not the tibial plateau was completely covered.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> The presence of meniscal lesions was documented in 4 types, according to the classification by Crues and Stoller,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> together with whether they were horizontal, radial, longitudinal, complex and degenerative.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> The type of displacement was classified according to the system used by Ahn et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> This system differentiates between 4 types: (1) no displacement: the peripheral part of the DM has not separated from the capsule and the meniscus is not displaced; (2) anterocentral: the periphery of the rear horn has detached from the capsule and the meniscus is displaced anteriorly or anterocentrally; (3) posterocentral: the periphery of the anterior horn has detached from the capsule and the DM has displaced posteriorly or posterocentrally, and (4) central: the periphery of the posterolateral portion broke or was lost, and the whole meniscus was displaced centrally towards the interchondral space. Other associated findings were recorded in the MRI, such as ligament injuries, osteochondritis and synovial plicas, etc.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The height and height per width (HxW) of the meniscus were also calculated. The height was evaluated in a central coronal slice that passed through both tibial spines. Height was measured at the most peripheral part of the meniscus. The same coronal slice was used to calculate width, and the distance from the periphery to the free edge of the meniscus was measured. HxW was calculated by multiplying these 2 measurements (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). In 4 patients with DM and bucket handle tears and in 2 cases of complex displacement it was impossible to evaluate HxW reliably, so the decision was taken to exclude these cases from the analysis.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The continuous variables were analysed using normalcy tests (Shapiro-Wilk) and they were expressed as an average and standard deviation (±SD). Inter- and intra-observer variability was not evaluated, given that this was reported in a previous study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> The correlations between the morphology, height and HxW variables and the presence of a tear were analysed using the Student <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test. A <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value of <.05 was used to indicate statistical significance.</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Results</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 685 MRI scans (in 679 patients) were analysed. They were performed from January 2011 to January 2016 in patients under the age of 18 years old. Thirty eight patients (43 knees) were diagnosed DM (an incidence of 6%). The reasons why MRI studies were requested were: pain in 21 patients, blockage of the joint in 21 patients and knee trauma in the others. The demographic data of the sample are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">63% of the sample had some type of meniscal tear: Crues type I (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6), II (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5) and III (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16). The tear patterns were horizontal in 14 cases, complex in 8, bucket handle in 4 and a combination of vertical and horizontal in one case. According to Ahn's system, 31 cases had no displacement, 7 had anterocentral displacement, 3 posterocentral displacement and 2 central displacement. The patients with complete DM had a higher number of tears (77.3 vs. 47.6%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001). Complex and longitudinal tears were only observed in complete discoid meniscuses. Torn discoid meniscuses showed a non-significant tendency to have a higher meniscus height and a greater HxW (6.29<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.26 vs. 5.75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, and 107.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36.2 vs. 91.54<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.162, respectively).</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When the images were analysed, other associated findings were observed in 23% of them: parameniscal cyst (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5), synovial plica (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2), osteochondritis dissecans (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2) and breakage of the ACL (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1).</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Discussion</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">DM is an anatomical variation that is liable to degeneration and tears. Papadopoulos et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> suggested that this discoid lesion is a structural rather than a morphological variant. In their histological study they found disorganisation of the circular collagen network and a heterogeneous course of the collagen fibres arranged around the circumference of the DM structure. These histological alterations, in association with poor vascularisation and sometimes poor peripheral insertion of the capsule, predispose the meniscus to tearing more easily than a normal one.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10,18</span></a> It has sometimes been reported that the higher incidence of tears would also be associated with a larger meniscal size and thickness.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> The aim of our work was to analyse the morphological characteristics detected by MRI in patients with DM under the age of 18 years old, and to correlate meniscus size with the presence of tears in the same.</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our series, more than half of the cases had meniscal tears. It is hard to compare the incidence of tears with those reported by other studies, given that asymptomatic patients are not usually subjected to imaging studies. The most frequent tear pattern found in our series was horizontal. This finding is consistent with those in other series.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,19,20</span></a> This pattern of tear is believed to arise due to the shearing forces of the femoral condyle on an abnormally shaped meniscus.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The knees with complete DM in our sample had a higher incidence of lesions. We also observed that complex and longitudinal bucket handle tears, i.e., those with the worst prognosis, were only present in cases of complete DM. Likewise, we found a tendency in those with a greater height and HxW to suffer tears. We believe that there is logic in this relationship, given that a larger diameter would generate a biomechanical alteration in knee functioning with a large amount of meniscus tissue under stress, and that this could lead it to tear. Ayala et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> reviewed 33 patients with DM and classified them into 2 types, depending on the thickness of the free edge of the meniscus: wedge and tablet. The latter type had greater height and an 83% incidence of meniscal tear, while corresponding figure for the wedge type was only 33% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.005). They also observed that the patients with tablet morphology suffered tears at an earlier age. Although the latter point was not analysed in our study, anecdotally we noticed that patients who consulted at a younger age with pain or blockage of the joint usually had a larger discoid meniscus and more complex tears. Some authors<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> have suggested performing partial meniscectomies on patients with a complete discoid meniscus due to the high risk that they will develop tears. In our practice we only prescribe surgery for patients with sufficient mechanical symptoms (with or without a torn meniscus) to justify the operation. Although patients with a large complete DM would be at greater risk of tearing, some of them display adaptive changes in the knee that allow it to function satisfactorily without the need for surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> On the other hand, although the clinical results of saucerisation (partial meniscectomy) are usually favourable over the short term, they tend to worsen over longer periods of follow-up. In a recent study that evaluated the results of saucerisation after 11 years of follow-up, 37% of the patients required revision surgery and 42% had functional results that were mediocre or poor.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has some limitations that should be mentioned. The sample size is relatively small, and it may explain some of the findings obtained. However, the condition is a rare one, and after evaluating a large number of images only 6% showed DM. We admit that it is possible that this overall incidence and the frequency of tears are overestimated, given that patients subjected to MRI have a symptom that motivates them to undergo the study. Nevertheless, this selection bias is probably less than it is in studies that evaluate incidence in arthroscopy. It was impossible in some patients with bucket handle or complex tears to reliably evaluate HxW, so that they were excluded. In spite of these limitations data were obtained that help to understand how the morphology of DM would affect the development of meniscus tears, and these data could be applied in everyday practice.</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A higher frequency of meniscus tears was observed in patients with complete DM and those with higher examples at a great height. The results of this series support the theory that a larger meniscus would be one of the main factors that predispose to a torn DM. These findings should be taken into account when advising parents about the prognosis for a patient with DM.</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Level of evidence</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Level of evidence III.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Ethical responsibilities</span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Protection of people and animals</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that for this research no experiments took place in human beings or animals.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Data confidentiality</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this paper.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no patient data appear in this paper.</p></span></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1135228" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Study design" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1067327" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1135227" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Diseño del estudio" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1067328" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Material and methods" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Study design" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Magnetic resonance imaging" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Image evaluation" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Level of evidence" ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Ethical responsibilities" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Protection of people and animals" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Data confidentiality" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2017-11-08" "fechaAceptado" => "2018-08-19" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1067327" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Discoid meniscus" 1 => "Magnetic resonance" 2 => "Morphology" 3 => "Height" 4 => "Injury" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1067328" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Menisco discoide" 1 => "Resonancia magnética" 2 => "Morfología" 3 => "Altura" 4 => "Lesión" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Some authors have suggested that the diminished vascular blood supply, peripheral stability and thickness of the discoid meniscus (DM) would make it more prone to tears. The aims of this study are two-fold: (1) To analyse morphological characteristics by magnetic resonance (MRI), and (2) To correlate the size of the meniscus with the presence of meniscal tears.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The MRI of patients ≤18 years-old over a period of 5 years were reviewed, and patients with DM were identified. We analysed demographic data, location (medial or lateral), morphology (Watanabe), meniscal tears (Crues classification), pattern, displacement, and other associated findings. Meniscal height and thickness per width (TxW) were also calculated. The correlation between variables: morphology, height and TxW with the presence of meniscal tears were statistically analysed.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Six hundred and eighty-five MRI (675 patients) were analysed. Forty-three knees (38 patients, 20 males) were found to have a DM (6.3%). The average age was 12.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3.8 years (range: 4–18 years). Sixty-three percent had some type of meniscal injury. Patients with complete MD had a higher incidence of injuries (77.3 vs. 47.6%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001). Longitudinal (bucket handle) and complex tears (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11) only occurred in patients with complete DM. DM with tears presented a nonsignificant tendency to have higher meniscal height and higher TxW (6.29<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.26 vs. 5.75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.20 and 107.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36.02 vs. 91.54<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.162).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The results of this series support the theory that a larger meniscal size would be one of the main predisposing factors for the DM to be injured.</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Study design</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional study (Level of evidence: III).</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Study design" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introducción</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Algunos autores han sugerido que su menor vascularización, la estabilidad periférica y el grosor del menisco discoide (MD) lo predispondrían a lesionarse. Los objetivos de este estudio son: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">1)</span> Analizar las características morfológicas por resonancia magnética (RM) de este grupo, y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2)</span> Correlacionar el tamaño del menisco con la presencia de lesiones del menisco afectado.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Métodos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se evaluaron todas las RM de rodilla en pacientes ≤<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 años en un período de 5 años y se identificaron aquellas con diagnóstico de MD. Se analizaron datos demográficos, localización, morfología, presencia de lesión intrameniscal, el patrón de la misma, desplazamiento y otros hallazgos asociados. Se calculó además la altura y altura por ancho meniscal (AxA). La correlación entre las variables: morfología, altura y AxA con la presencia de lesión fue analizada estadísticamente.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Resultados</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se evaluaron 685 RM de 675 pacientes. Cuarenta y tres rodillas (38 pacientes, 20 masculinos) presentaban MD (6,3%). La edad promedio fue de 12,2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3,8 años (r: 4-18 años). Los pacientes con MD completo tuvieron mayor incidencia de lesiones (77,3 vs. 47,6%; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001). Las lesiones en asa de cubo y complejas (n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11) solo se presentaron en pacientes con MD completo. Los MD con lesión presentaron una tendencia no significativa a tener mayor altura meniscal y mayor AxA (6,29<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1,26 vs. 5,75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,20 y 107,5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>36,02 vs. 91,54<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>16,5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,162).</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Conclusión</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de esta serie apoyan la teoría de que el mayor tamaño meniscal sería uno de los principales factores que predisponen a que el MD se lesione.</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Diseño del estudio</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio transversal (Nivel de evidencia: III).</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Diseño del estudio" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Masquijo JJ, Bernocco F, Porta J. Menisco discoide en niños y adolescentes: correlación entre la morfología y la presencia de lesiones. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2019;63:24–28.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1148 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 136025 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measurement of meniscal height and width.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Patients (knees)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">38 (43) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (range)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">12.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3.8 (4–18 years old) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Side</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Right \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Left \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bilateral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5 (10 knees) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Skeletal maturity</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Open physis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">33 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Closed physis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Location</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lateral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medial \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Morphology</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Complete \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Incomplete \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tear</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">27 (63) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">16 (27) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1936698.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demographic data.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:23 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Histomorphologic study of discoid meniscus" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Papadopoulos" 1 => "J.M. Kirkos" 2 => "G.A. Kapetanos" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arthoscopy" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "262" "paginaFinal" => "268" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The external semilunar cartilage as a complete disc" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "R.B. Young" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Memoirs and memoranda in anatomy" "paginaInicial" => "179" "serieFecha" => "1889" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Die Verletzungen der Kniegelenkoszwischenknorpel und ihrer Verbindungen" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "F. Kroiss" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Beitr Klin Chir" "fecha" => "1910" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "598" "paginaFinal" => "801" ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The congenital discoid meniscus" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "I.S. Smillie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Bone Joint Surg Br" "fecha" => "1948" "volumen" => "30B" "paginaInicial" => "671" "paginaFinal" => "682" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18894619" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid lateral meniscus of the knee joint. Nature, mechanism and operative treatment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "E.B. Kaplan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Bone Joint Surg Am" "fecha" => "1957" "volumen" => "39A" "paginaInicial" => "77" "paginaFinal" => "87" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Menisco discoide. Estudio embriogénico" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "E. Cáceres Palou" 1 => "V.L. Caja López" 2 => "J.M. Domenech Mateu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Ortop Traumatol" "fecha" => "1983" "volumen" => "27" "paginaInicial" => "63" "paginaFinal" => "74" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Arthroscopic treatment of the discoid lateral meniscus. Technique and long-term results" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "H. Ikeuchi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Orthop Relat Res" "fecha" => "1982" "volumen" => "167" "paginaInicial" => "19" "paginaFinal" => "28" ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid meniscus: an ultrastructural study with transmission electron microscopy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "O.A. Atay" 1 => "M. Pekmezci" 2 => "M.N. Doral" 3 => "M.F. Sargon" 4 => "M. Ayvaz" 5 => "D.L. Johnson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Sports Med" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "35" "paginaInicial" => "475" "paginaFinal" => "478" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Meniscus tears in children" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Bellisari" 1 => "W. Samora" 2 => "K. Klingele" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/JSA.0b013e318204d01a" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Sports Med Arthrosc" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "50" "paginaFinal" => "55" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21293238" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Wrisberg-variant discoid lateral meniscus: current concepts, treatment options, and imaging features with emphasis on dynamic ultrasonography" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J. Jose" 1 => "L.T. Buller" 2 => "S. Rivera" 3 => "J.A. Carvajal Alba" 4 => "M. Baraga" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Orthop" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "44" "paginaInicial" => "135" "paginaFinal" => "139" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25750948" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid meniscus: prognostic significance of meniscal thickness" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J.D. Ayala" 1 => "J.C. Abril" 2 => "L. Magán" 3 => "T. Epeldegui" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "48" "paginaInicial" => "195" "paginaFinal" => "200" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus of the knee on MR imaging" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "N. Samoto" 1 => "M. Kozuma" 2 => "T. Tokuhisa" 3 => "K. Kobayashi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Magn Reson Imaging" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "59" "paginaFinal" => "64" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11973030" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Atlas of arthroscopy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Watanabe" 1 => "S. Takada" 2 => "H. Ikeuchi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:5 [ "edicion" => "2nd ed." "fecha" => "1969" "paginaInicial" => "122" "editorial" => "Igaku-Shoin" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Tokyo" ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The menisci" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.V. Crues" 1 => "D.W. Stoller" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "titulo" => "MRI of the knee" "paginaInicial" => "91" "paginaFinal" => "140" "edicion" => "2nd ed." "serieFecha" => "1993" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Correlation between type of discoid lateral menisci and tear pattern" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "S.I. Bin" 1 => "J.C. Kim" 2 => "J.M. Kim" 3 => "S.S. Park" 4 => "Y.K. Han" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00167-001-0273-8" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "218" "paginaFinal" => "222" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12172714" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A novel magnetic resonance imaging classification of discoid lateral meniscus based on peripheral attachment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.H. Ahn" 1 => "Y.S. Lee" 2 => "H.C. Ha" 3 => "J.S. Shim" 4 => "K.S. Lim" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/0363546509332502" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Sports Med" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "1564" "paginaFinal" => "1569" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19439757" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Should the meniscal height be considered for preoperative sizing in meniscal transplantation?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A.D. Netto" 1 => "C.C. Kaleka" 2 => "M.K. Toma" 3 => "J.C. Silva" 4 => "R.P. Cury" 5 => "P.M. Fucs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00167-017-4461-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "772" "paginaFinal" => "780" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28233022" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Arthroscopic meniscectomy for discoid lateral meniscus in children" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "L.K. Hayashi" 1 => "H. Yamaga" 2 => "K. Ida" 3 => "T. Miura" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Bone Joint Surg Am" "fecha" => "1988" "volumen" => "70" "paginaInicial" => "1495" "paginaFinal" => "1500" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3198675" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus: a clinical and arthroscopic study in a Chinese population" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Chen" 1 => "Z. Zhang" 2 => "J. Li" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s12891-016-1188-3" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Musculoskelet Disord" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "17" "paginaInicial" => "329" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27494952" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0215" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid lateral menisci in Japanese cadaver knees" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "Y. Kato" 1 => "M. Oshida" 2 => "S. Aizawa" 3 => "A. Saito" 4 => "J. Ryu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mod Rheumatol" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "142" "paginaInicial" => "154" "paginaFinal" => "159" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0220" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid meniscus: diagnosis and management" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "I. Kushare" 1 => "K. Klingele" 2 => "W. Samora" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ocl.2015.06.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Orthop Clin North Am" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "46" "paginaInicial" => "533" "paginaFinal" => "540" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26410641" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0225" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Discoid lateral meniscus in children: diagnosis, management, and outcomes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.S. Kocher" 1 => "C.A. Logan" 2 => "D.E. Kramer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.5435/JAAOS-D-15-00491" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Orthop Surg" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "736" "paginaFinal" => "743" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29059110" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0230" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Decline in clinical scores at long-term follow-up of arthroscopically treated discoid lateral meniscus in children" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.D. Haskel" 1 => "T.J. Uppstrom" 2 => "D.M. Dare" 3 => "S.A. Rodeo" 4 => "D.W. Green" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00167-017-4825-y" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "2906" "paginaFinal" => "2911" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/19888856/0000006300000001/v1_201901100606/S1988885618300877/v1_201901100606/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "7577" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/19888856/0000006300000001/v1_201901100606/S1988885618300877/v1_201901100606/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1988885618300877?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2024 October | 53 | 11 | 64 |
| 2024 September | 73 | 10 | 83 |
| 2024 August | 51 | 12 | 63 |
| 2024 July | 55 | 7 | 62 |
| 2024 June | 55 | 1 | 56 |
| 2024 May | 53 | 5 | 58 |
| 2024 April | 53 | 9 | 62 |
| 2024 March | 80 | 3 | 83 |
| 2024 February | 75 | 15 | 90 |
| 2024 January | 85 | 8 | 93 |
| 2023 December | 85 | 15 | 100 |
| 2023 November | 100 | 11 | 111 |
| 2023 October | 101 | 3 | 104 |
| 2023 September | 47 | 6 | 53 |
| 2023 August | 54 | 5 | 59 |
| 2023 July | 74 | 7 | 81 |
| 2023 June | 58 | 1 | 59 |
| 2023 May | 130 | 9 | 139 |
| 2023 April | 70 | 5 | 75 |
| 2023 March | 62 | 5 | 67 |
| 2023 February | 51 | 3 | 54 |
| 2023 January | 45 | 3 | 48 |
| 2022 December | 62 | 13 | 75 |
| 2022 November | 41 | 16 | 57 |
| 2022 October | 44 | 18 | 62 |
| 2022 September | 45 | 36 | 81 |
| 2022 August | 40 | 27 | 67 |
| 2022 July | 52 | 14 | 66 |
| 2022 June | 51 | 12 | 63 |
| 2022 May | 65 | 24 | 89 |
| 2022 April | 55 | 11 | 66 |
| 2022 March | 113 | 20 | 133 |
| 2022 February | 90 | 10 | 100 |
| 2022 January | 80 | 14 | 94 |
| 2021 December | 40 | 26 | 66 |
| 2021 November | 57 | 18 | 75 |
| 2021 October | 43 | 24 | 67 |
| 2021 September | 37 | 18 | 55 |
| 2021 August | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2021 July | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| 2021 June | 18 | 9 | 27 |
| 2021 May | 14 | 23 | 37 |
| 2021 April | 18 | 23 | 41 |
| 2021 March | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| 2021 February | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2021 January | 14 | 7 | 21 |
Show all
