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Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition)
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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) Factors that increase the risk of blood transfusion in patients with hip fractur...
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Vol. 55. Issue 1.
Pages 35-38 (January - February 2011)
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Vol. 55. Issue 1.
Pages 35-38 (January - February 2011)
Original article
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Factors that increase the risk of blood transfusion in patients with hip fractures
Factores que incrementan el riesgo de transfusión sanguínea en los pacientes con fractura de cadera
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J.L. Quijada
Corresponding author
jlquijada@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, P. Hurtado, J. de Lamo
Servicio de Traumatología y Cirugía Ortopédica, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the risk factors associated with blood transfusion in patients with hip fractures.

Material and methods

We prospectively reviewed 188 consecutive patients -over 64 years old- admitted to our hospital with hip fractures during one year. Potential transfusion risk factors were recorded: age, gender, type of fracture, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs intake, admission haemoglobin levels, delay of surgery, associated comorbidities, duration of the surgical procedure and surgeon training model. Number of units transfused and date of transfusion were collected from blood bank database. Logistical regression analysis was performed in order to control the effect of confounding variables.

Results

After multivariate analysis, only haemoglobin levels on admission remained as a risk factor of allogenic blood transfusion in this group of patients (p=.000; OR: 0.039; 95% CI: 0.012–0.124). Haemoglobin levels below 11g/dL on admission significantly increase the risk of undergoing allogenic blood transfusion in patients with hip fractures.

Conclusion

We strongly recommend maximizing the measures to prevent excessive bleeding in this group of patients.

Keywords:
Hip fractures
Blood transfusion
Risk factor
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar los factores que aumentan el riesgo de recibir una transfusión en pacientes con fractura de cadera.

Pacientes y método

Se revisaron 188 pacientes mayores de 64 años, ingresados con el diagnóstico de fractura de cadera, de forma prospectiva y consecutiva, durante un año. Se analizaron como potenciales factores de riesgo: la edad, sexo, tipo de fractura, tratamiento con fármacos antiagregantes plaquetarios y anticoagulantes, niveles de hemoglobina al ingreso, retraso en el procedimiento quirúrgico, comorbilidad asociada, duración de la cirugía y formación de los cirujanos. El número de unidades transfundidas y la fecha de transfusión se obtuvieron de la base de datos del banco de sangre. Se elaboró un modelo de regresión logística multivariante para controlar el efecto de las variables de confusión.

Resultados

Tras el análisis estadístico multivariante, sólo el nivel de hemoglobina al ingreso se mostró como un factor de riesgo para recibir una transfusión sanguínea (p=,000; OR: 0.039; 95% CI: 0.012–0.124). Los niveles de hemoglobina inferiores a 11g/dL al ingreso, incrementaron el riesgo de transfusión sanguínea en los pacientes con fractura de cadera.

Conclusión

Deben extremarse las medidas orientadas a disminuir el sangrado en todas las fases que comprende el tratamiento de estos pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Fracturas de cadera
Transfusión sanguínea
Factores de riesgo
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The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the “Virgen de la Luz” Hospital in Cuenca and authorized by the Research Commission.

Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT). All rights reserved
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