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Inicio Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología Características y evolución de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en una unidad de ...
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Vol. 36. Issue 1.
Pages 21-27 (January 2001)
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Vol. 36. Issue 1.
Pages 21-27 (January 2001)
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Características y evolución de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en una unidad de ictus dependiente de un servicio de geriatría
Characteristics and evolution of the cerebrovascular disease in the geriatric service stroke unit
Visits
5755
E. San Cristóbal Velasco**
Corresponding author
esthersc@hmn.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Monte Naranco. Dres. Fernández Vega, 107. 33012 Oviedo. E-mail:
, M. Alonso Álvarez, A. Expósito Blanco, M. Suárez Linares, M. Fernández Fernández, J.J. Solano Jaurrieta
Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Monte Naranco. Oviedo
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Article information
RESUMEN
OBJETIVO

Describir las peculiaridades de nuestra Unidad de Ictus, así como explorar las características y evolución de los pacientes ingresados.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS

Se describe la Unidad de Ictus y su funcionamiento, analizando los pacientes ingresados durante el período comprendido entre el 1-4-97 y el 31-9-98, en lo que se refiere a factores sociodemográficos, clínicos, funcionales y asistenciales.

RESULTADOS

Durante el período de estudio ingresaron en la Unidad 466 pacientes (edad media 79,38 ± 7,35, 61,8% mujeres), procedentes de su domicilio en un 93% de los casos. El IB previo fue de 87,5 ± 22,2 y la puntuación en la escala de Orpington al ingreso fue de 4,62 ± 1,8, permitiéndonos clasificar al 30,9% (n: 144) de los pacientes en el grupo de buen pronóstico, el 26,6% (n: 124) en el de moderado y el 42,5% (n: 198) en el de mal pronóstico. El 86,1% de los ictus fueron de perfil isquémico y su localización más frecuente fue hemisférica izquierda (52,1% de los casos). Un 73,6% de los pacientes fueron valorados por el Rehabilitador, comenzando tratamiento funcional específico un 79,3% (n: 372) de ellos. Los 397 pacientes dados de alta presentaban un IB de 52,57 ± 33,66 puntos, habiendo conseguido durante el ingreso una ganancia en el IB 21,22 ± 19,18. Un 42,9% de los cuidadores acudieron específicamente a valoración por la trabajadora social, con un cambio de ubicación al alta en el 25,2% de los pacientes, siendo institucionalizados un 16,1% del total de la muestra. La estancia media global fue de 20,2 ± 16,9 días.

CONCLUSIONES

Comparada con la literatura referente a unidades de ictus nuestra serie cuenta con una edad media más elevada y peor pronóstico al ingreso. Un elevado porcentaje de los pacientes es considerado candidato a tratamiento funcional, consiguiendo una ganancia media en el IB de 20 puntos y manteniendo índices de institucionalización, complicaciones y estancias medias hospitalarias reducidas.

Palabras clave:
Unidades de ictus
Pronóstico
Rehabilitación
Ganancia funcional
Anciano
Asistencia geriátrica
SUMMARY
OBJETIVE

To describe the special features of our Stroke Unit, as well as to explore the characteristics and evolution of our inpatients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We describe our Stroke Unit and We analize the sociodemographic, clinic, functional and assistencial variables of our patients since 1-4-97 until 31-9-98.

RESULTS

466 patients were admitted during the studied period (mean age was 79.38 ± 7.35 years, 61.8% were women and 93% elderly community-dwelling patients. The score in the Barthel index before admission was 87.5 ± 22.2 and the score in the Orpington scale at admission was 4.62 ± 1.8). Using the latter scale patients were classified as good (30.9%; n= 144), moderate (26.6%; n= 124), and poor prognostic (42.5%; n= 198). 86.1% of the stroke were ischemic brain infarction and 52.1% were localized on the left brain hemisphere. 73.6% were evaluated by a rehabilitation specialist and 79.3% (n= 372) started a specific rehabilitation treatment. Discharged patients (n= 397) had a score of was 52.57 ± 33.66 points in Barthel Index, achieving a functional improvement of 21.22 ± 19.18) points. 42.9% of caregivers were assessed by social workers, taking place a change in living arragement in 25.2% of patients. 17.1% of all patients were institutionalized. The length of stay was 20.2 ± 16.9 days.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to literature referred to other stroke units, our serie, has a higher mean age and a worse prognostic at admission. A high percentage of patients were considered candidates to functional treatment reaching a functional improvement of 20 points measured by Barthel Index and keeping low levels of nursing home care, complications and length of stay.

Key words:
Stroke unit
Prognostic
Rehabilitation
Functional improvement
Elderly
Geriatric care
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