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Inicio Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología Efectos de variables culturales en los procesos de estrés y afrontamiento
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Vol. 40. Issue S2.
El cuidado de personas mayores dependientes: la diversidad de las experiencias empíricas
Pages 74-79 (November 2005)
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Vol. 40. Issue S2.
El cuidado de personas mayores dependientes: la diversidad de las experiencias empíricas
Pages 74-79 (November 2005)
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Efectos de variables culturales en los procesos de estrés y afrontamiento
The effects of cultural values on stress and coping processes
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3507
Bob G. Knighta,
Corresponding author
bknight@usc.edu

Correspondencia: Bob G. Knight. Andrus Gerontology Center. University of Southern California. 90089-0191. Los Angeles, CA. USA.
, Jung H. Kimb
a Andrus Gerontology Center. University of Southern California. Los Angeles. Estados Unidos
b Sejong Cyber University. School of Social Welfare. Seúl. Corea del Sur
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Resumen

Partiendo del modelo sociocultural de estrés y afrontamiento como marco de trabajo, este trabajo resume la investigación reciente sobre el papel de las variables culturales en los procesos de estrés y afrontamiento de cuidadores familiares de personas con demencia. La revisión llama la atención sobre la necesidad de evaluar valores culturales específicos entre grupos, más que evaluar únicamente constructos como el familismo. Por ejemplo, la piedad filial parece captar los valores de los asiáticos del este mejor que una medida común de familismo. En la investigación que se ha realizado hasta ahora, el efecto de los valores culturales en la salud mental de los cuidadores no parece estar mediado por la valoración del cuidado como una carga, tal y como propone el modelo, sino fundamentalmente a partir de sus efectos en los estilos de afrontamiento y el apoyo social. Los efectos de los valores culturales en el malestar emocional de los cuidadores parecen ser más complejos y específicos para cada grupo cultural que lo que originalmente se propuso.

Palabras clave:
Estrés y afrontamiento sociocultural
Valores culturales
Familismo
Cuidadores
Cuidado
Demencia
Estilos de afrontamiento
Apoyo social
Abstract

Using the sociocultural stress and coping model as a framework, the paper summarizes recent research on the role of cultural values in stress and coping processes for family caregivers of persons with dementia. The review calls attention to the need for specific measurement of cultural values within groups, rather than relying on general constructs such as familism. For example, filial piety seems to capture East Asian values better than a common familism measure. In research so far, the effect of cultural values on caregivers’ mental health seems not to be mediated by appraisal of caregiving as burdensome as the model proposed, but mainly through effects on coping styles and on social support. The effects of cultural values on caregivers’ emotional distress appears to be more complex and more specific to each cultural group than originally proposed.

Key words:
Sociocultural stress and coping
Cultural values
Familism
Caregiving
Dementia
Coping styles
Social support
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Copyright © 2005. Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
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