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Inicio Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología Estilos de aprendizaje en la vejez. Un estudio a la luz de la teoría del aprend...
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Vol. 38. Issue 5.
Pages 258-265 (January 2003)
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Vol. 38. Issue 5.
Pages 258-265 (January 2003)
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Estilos de aprendizaje en la vejez. Un estudio a la luz de la teoría del aprendizaje experiencial
Learning styles in older adults. A study about experiential learning theory
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A.V. Martín-García
Corresponding author
avmg@usal.es

Correspondencia: Facultad de Educación. Universidad de Salamanca. Paseo de Canalejas, 169. 37008 Salamanca. España.
Facultad de Educación. Universidad de Salamanca. Salamanca. España
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Resumen
Objetivo

El artículo trata de comprobar la existencia de un patrón o estilo dominante de aprendizaje en personas mayores de 55 años partiendo de la teoría del aprendizaje experiencial formulada por David Kolb.

Material y método

El estudio empírico se ha realizado con 410 personas asistentes al Programa Universitario para Mayores de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León. Se aplicó el Inventario de Estilos de Aprendizaje (LSI) de Kolb (versión 3, 1999) y un breve cuestionario sociodemográfico.

Resultados

Los resultados dan apoyo empírico al planteamiento teórico formulado por Kolb y seguidores. Los datos muestran que, aunque no aparece un único estilo dominante, existe una clara orientación de aprendizaje en individuos mayores de 55 años, consistente en la preferencia por los estilos asimilador y divergente. Por otro lado, el estilo de aprendizaje no está significativamente relacionado con variables sociodemográficas como la edad, el género, el estado civil o el nivel de estudios previo, lo que refuerza la idea de la variabilidad interindividual en la vejez.

Conclusiones

Se demuestra una clara preferencia en estos sujetos por actividades de aprendizaje que implican el uso de la reflexión, la observación, el trabajo en grupo conversacional y la interacción personal. Concluye el artículo señalando algunas implicaciones que deben tenerse en cuenta para la práctica educativa con personas de este grupo de edad en contextos formalizados de enseñanza.

Palabras clave:
Estilos de aprendizaje
Teoría del aprendizaje experiencial de Kolb
Estrategias de enseñanza
Programas universitarios de mayores
Abstract
Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether individuals aged 55 years or older show a dominant learning style or pattern within the framework of experiential learning theory postulated by David Kolb.

Material and method

An empirical study was performed in 410 individuals attending the University Program for Senior Citizens of the Autonomous Community of Castilla y León in Spain. Kolb’s Learning Styles Inventory (version 3, 1999) and a brief socio-demographic questionnaire were applied.

Results

The results lend empirical support to the theoretical framework formulated by Kolb and followers. The data show that although there is no single dominant learning style, individuals aged 55 years or older show a greater preference for assimilation and divergent styles. On the other hand, their learning style was unrelated to socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status or previous education, reinforcing the idea of interindividual variability in old age.

Conclusions

The subjects in this study showed a clear preference for learning activities that involved the use of reflection, observation, group work, and personal interaction. This article concludes indicating some implications to be considered for educational practice in people of this age group in formal education settings.

Key words:
Learning styles
Kolb’s theory of experiential learning
Teaching strategies
University programmes for senior citizens
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Esta investigación ha sido realizada con el apoyo de la Convocatoria 2000 (BOCYL n.° 89, de 10 de mayo) para Proyectos de Investigación Aplicada de la Junta de Castilla y León. Ref. SA15/OOF

Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
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