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array:23 [ "pii" => "S2253808918300752" "issn" => "22538089" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remnie.2018.10.005" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-03-01" "aid" => "1021" "copyrightAnyo" => "2018" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2019;38:94-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2253654X1830163X" "issn" => "2253654X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remn.2018.09.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-03-01" "aid" => "1021" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2019;38:94-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 129 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 81 "PDF" => 48 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Comparación entre la PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA y la PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC para la localización del paraganglioma maligno extra-adrenal y el feocromocitoma" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "99" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in the localization of metastatic extra-adrenal paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma compared with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figura 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1793 "Ancho" => 2084 "Tamanyo" => 190233 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Imagen MIP de la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC (A) y con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA (B) en un hombre de 70 años con recidiva de FEO metastásico (paciente 8). La PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC mostró una captación moderada en la vértebra dorsal (C, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">máx</span> 4,4), que coincidía con la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA (D, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 3,2). Tras la imagen PET/TC de fusión con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC, se detectó una pequeña área de esclerosis en la 5.ª vértebra dorsal (E, flecha), en la que se confirmó una metástasis osteoblástica. Además, se observó una elevada captación focal de <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC en el brazo izquierdo (A y F, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">máx</span> 7,9), con una captación entre leve y moderada de <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA en esta área (B y G, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">máx</span> 5,6). La TC diagnóstica no pudo diferenciar claramente entre cambios postoperatorios y tumor residual tras resección de metástasis ósea 5 años antes en el brazo izquierdo (H). La imagen de fusión de la PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC mostró una elevada sospecha de tumor residual en el húmero izquierdo.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A.S. Kroiss, C. Uprimny, B.L. Shulkin, L. Gruber, A. Frech, T. Jazbec, P.P. Girod, C. Url, C. Thomé, H. Riechelmann, G.M. Sprinzl, G. Fraedrich, I.J. Virgolini" "autores" => array:13 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A.S." "apellidos" => "Kroiss" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Uprimny" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "B.L." "apellidos" => "Shulkin" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Gruber" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Frech" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "T." "apellidos" => "Jazbec" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P.P." "apellidos" => "Girod" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Url" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Thomé" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "H." "apellidos" => "Riechelmann" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G.M." "apellidos" => "Sprinzl" ] 11 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Fraedrich" ] 12 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "I.J." "apellidos" => "Virgolini" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2253808918300752" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remnie.2018.10.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253808918300752?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253654X1830163X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/2253654X/0000003800000002/v1_201903020653/S2253654X1830163X/v1_201903020653/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S2253808918300570" "issn" => "22538089" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remnie.2018.07.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-03-01" "aid" => "1003" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2019;38:100-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Efficacy of early imaging with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA I&T in the discrimination of pelvic lesions in prostate cancer patients" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "100" "paginaFinal" => "105" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Eficacia de la imagen precoz con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA I&T para la discriminación de lesiones en los pacientes con cáncer de próstata" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1498 "Ancho" => 1255 "Tamanyo" => 154277 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MIP image (a), PET, CT and fusion images (b, c, d) of the 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min p.i. <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA scan showing increased uptake at prostate gland. MIP image (e), PET, CT and fusion images (f, g, h) of the 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min p.i. scan show clearance of the uptake.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Filiz Özülker" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Filiz" "apellidos" => "Özülker" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2253654X18300532" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remn.2018.06.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253654X18300532?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253808918300570?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/22538089/0000003800000002/v1_201903020621/S2253808918300570/v1_201903020621/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2253808918300740" "issn" => "22538089" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remnie.2018.10.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2019-03-01" "aid" => "1022" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2019;38:87-93" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1 "HTML" => 1 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Clinical and prognostic value of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG PET/CT in recurrent endometrial carcinoma" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "87" "paginaFinal" => "93" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Valor clínico y pronóstico de la PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG en el cáncer de endometrio recurrente" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 975 "Ancho" => 2178 "Tamanyo" => 123780 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Progression free survival (a) and overall survival (b) curves according to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG PET/CT results.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Domenico Albano, Valentina Zizioli, Franco Odicino, Raffaele Giubbini, Francesco Bertagna" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Domenico" "apellidos" => "Albano" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Valentina" "apellidos" => "Zizioli" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Franco" "apellidos" => "Odicino" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Raffaele" "apellidos" => "Giubbini" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Francesco" "apellidos" => "Bertagna" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2253654X1830177X" "doi" => "10.1016/j.remn.2018.09.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253654X1830177X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2253808918300740?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/22538089/0000003800000002/v1_201903020621/S2253808918300740/v1_201903020621/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in the localization of metastatic extra-adrenal paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma compared with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "99" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Alexander Stephan Kroiss, Christian Uprimny, Barry Lynn Shulkin, Leonhard Gruber, Andreas Frech, Thomas Jazbec, Pierre Pascal Girod, Christoph Url, Claudius Thomé, Herbert Riechelmann, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Gustav Fraedrich, Irene Johanna Virgolini" "autores" => array:13 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Alexander Stephan" "apellidos" => "Kroiss" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "alexander.kroiss@i-med.ac.at" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Christian" "apellidos" => "Uprimny" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Barry Lynn" "apellidos" => "Shulkin" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Leonhard" "apellidos" => "Gruber" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Andreas" "apellidos" => "Frech" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Thomas" "apellidos" => "Jazbec" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Pierre Pascal" "apellidos" => "Girod" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Christoph" "apellidos" => "Url" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Claudius" "apellidos" => "Thomé" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Herbert" "apellidos" => "Riechelmann" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Georg Mathias" "apellidos" => "Sprinzl" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span>" "identificador" => "aff0035" ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Gustav" "apellidos" => "Fraedrich" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Irene Johanna" "apellidos" => "Virgolini" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Radiological Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Radiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria" "etiqueta" => "f" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] 6 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Austria" "etiqueta" => "g" "identificador" => "aff0035" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Comparación de PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA y PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC para la localización de paraganglioma maligno extra-adrenal y feocromocitoma" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1793 "Ancho" => 2084 "Tamanyo" => 190575 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MIP of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (A) and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (B) in a 70 year old male patient suffering from a relapse of metastatic PHEO (patient 8). <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET showed a moderate uptake in the thoracic vertebra (C, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 4.4), concordant to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (D, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 3.2). After <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT fusion a small sclerosis was detected in the 5th thoracic vertebra (E arrow), which was confirmed as osteoblastic metastasis. In addition, a strong focal <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC uptake was found in the left arm (A and F SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 7.9) – with mild to moderate <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA uptake behaviour in this area (B and G SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 5.6). Diagnostic CT was not able to clearly differentiate between postoperative changes and tumour residuum after resection of a bone metastasis five years ago in the left arm (H). After fused <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT this lesion was highly suspected for tumour residuum of the left humerus.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tumours of the neural crest are rare and have a wide range of clinical presentation. These neuroendocrine tumours (NET) are referred to as pheochromocytomas (PHEO) if arising from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, whereas extra-adrenal tumours arise from the sympathetic nervous system and are known as paragangliomas (PGL). These tumours can be found anywhere from the neck to the pelvis in locations of sympathetic ganglions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Because of their neuroendocrine origin, most abdominal and thoracic PGL produce catecholamines and related substances, whereas head and neck PGL (HNPGL) usually do not produce such substances.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Morphological imaging, for example CT, provides excellent anatomical detail and high sensitivity,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> but lacks in specificity as difficulties may occur when distinguishing between tumours derived from the sympathetic nervous system and other tumour entities.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) (i.e., PET/CT) into clinical practice and the developments of new PET radiopharmaceuticals have produced promising results in the detection of these tumours.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In particular, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-fluoro-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">l</span>-dihydroxyphenylalanine (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA) has been proposed to be a useful radiopharmaceutical for imaging catecholamine-secreting tumours <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>because of the capability of these tumours to take up, decarboxylate, and store amino acids, such as DOPA, and their biogenic amines.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> In fact, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting non-malignant extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO but less sensitivity for locating metastatic lesions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,8,9</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The octreotide derivative 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>,<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>′,<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>′′,<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>′′′-tetraacetic acid-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">d</span>-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (DOTA-TOC) labelled with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga is a somatostatin (SST) analogue that also enables more sensitive and specific detection of NET than does CT,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> reflecting the widespread expression of SST receptors in these tumours, particularly that of subtypes 2, 3, and 5.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET with that of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET for staging both, metastatic extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO, using functional and anatomic images (combined cross sectional imaging) as the reference standard.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> We also sought to characterize uptake patterns of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA in these tumour entities.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Materials and methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Patients</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ten patients with suspected or histologically proven metastatic PGL, who had been referred to our institution for initial staging between March 2011 and July 2015 (4 women, 6 men; age range at diagnosis, 22–72 years; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>), were the subjects of this retrospective study. Three male patients had extra-adrenal multifocal/metastatic PGL disease (patients 1, 2 and 10). Five patients had malignant HNPGL (patients 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). Two patients suffered from malignant PHEO (patients 8 and 9). Malignancy was defined by the presence of tumour deposits in regions in which chromaffin cells are normally absent (i.e., liver, lung, bone).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> Combined functional/anatomical imaging (PET/CT) was the reference standard, taking into account that not every NET lesion could be confirmed by biopsy due to its high vascularization.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12–14</span></a> Surgery to remove primary tumour, bone or lymph metastases had been performed in 2 women and 5 men, all of whom experienced relapsed disease (patients 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 and 10). The average time between surgery and imaging studies was 14.5 y (range: 1.2–34 y). This long interval between surgery and imaging can be explained by relapse of disease even after several months or years. Imaging was performed to evaluate patients’ eligibility for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy and to detect or exclude the presence of metastases. Evaluation included anatomical imaging and functional imaging using <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA. Imaging procedures were performed within a maximum of 2.7 months. During this period, no therapy or intervention was performed. Because of stable disease over years in patients with anatomically/histologically proven extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO, none of these patients received a long-acting SST analogue before <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT staging. Patients did not undergo genetic analysis (e.g., succinate dehydrogenase subunit B) (SDHB) prior imaging. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study since all studies were performed in the course of standard clinical diagnostic work-up.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the principles of the 1964 declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC was prepared using a fully automated synthesis method, as previously described.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT imaging was performed using a dedicated PET/CT system (Discovery 690; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI). A low-dose CT scan for attenuation correction of the PET emission data was performed. For the low-dose protocols, CT acquisition parameters were 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kV and 350<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mA using GE Smart mA dose modulation. The helical thickness was 3.75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, and the table speed was 1.375<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, with a rotation time of 0.8 s. Attenuation-corrected, whole-body scans (skull base to upper thighs) were acquired in three-dimensional mode (emission time 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min per bed position). Depending on the patient's body length, six or seven bed positions were used, with an axial field-of-view of 70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm. For iterative reconstruction of the time-of-flight data, two iterations and 32 subsets were used with a filter cut-off of 6.4. Patients were injected intravenously with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC at a dose of 117.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.8 MBq (mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD), and image acquisition was started 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min after injection. Three patients underwent <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT without intravenous administration of contrast agent (low-dose protocol). The remaining seven patients received a contrast-enhanced, whole-body <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT scan and a helical CT scan on a 64-slice CT scanner, with a slice thickness of 3.75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm and a display field-of-view of 50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm starting from the skull base to the upper thighs. During image acquisition, a bolus of ionized contrast agent (Iomeron 400, 400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg I/mL) was injected into an antecubital vein. Depending on the patient's body weight, 60–120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL of the contrast agent was administered at a rate of 3.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL/s, followed by a late arterial phase after 40 s and a portal phase after 70 s. CT acquisition parameters for the diagnostic and GE Smart mA dose modulation protocols were 100–120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kV and 350–550<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mA, respectively, with the actual dose determined by the patient's body weight. The helical thickness was 3.75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm, and the table speed was 0.984<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm per rotation, with a rotation time of 0.8 s.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients fasted for at least 6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h prior to injection of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA (IASOdopa; IASON, Graz, Austria) without carbidopa pretreatment. <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA was synthesized following a published procedure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Contrast-enhanced, whole-body <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT scans were performed in three patients using the same protocol (diagnostic CT) as described for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT. The remaining seven patients underwent <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT without contrast-enhanced CT. Patients were injected intravenously with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA at a dose of 240.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MBq (mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD), and image acquisition was started 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min after injection on a dedicated PET/CT system (Discovery 690; GE Healthcare). A low-dose CT scan for attenuation correction of the PET emission data was performed using the same protocol as that described for low-dose <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT. The average time between the two functional imaging studies was 13.3 days (range 1–80 days).</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Image interpretation</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT images were interpreted independently by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians. CT images were interpreted by an experienced radiologist. In the event of discordant results, the disagreement was resolved by consensus. A per-lesion analysis was performed for all imaging modalities. The criterion for interpreting a scintigraphic lesion as positive for extra-adrenal PGL/PHEO was clear demarcation of the lesion, with tracer accumulation higher than that of the liver and tracer uptake higher than physiological activity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> A positive diagnosis of primary tumour and/or metastases was based on the specific appearance of malignant disease on the CT images as reported elsewhere.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Because histological proof of metastatic lesions was unavailable in most patients, findings on PET/CT were the reference standard.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,13</span></a> For detection rate calculations, studies were considered to be either positive or negative, with combined cross-sectional imaging being the gold standard because functional imaging is complementary to anatomical imaging providing specific information about the PGL functional characteristics.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Because there are currently no validated histological criteria for malignancy,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> patients with multifocal extra-adrenal PGL (patients 1, 2 and 10) were also defined as malignant disease due to lesions with non-physiological tracer uptake (i.e., abdominal soft tissue),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> which are often associated with higher malignant potential.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> A separate analysis on a per-lesion basis was performed for the following areas: head and neck, thorax, abdomen (including soft tissue and liver) and bone (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). PET/CT fusion images were used to place the volumes of interest for the measurement of maximum standardized uptake values (SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span>) of the tumour lesions. The volumes of interest were threshold-dependent, with a default threshold of 42%.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Assessment of laboratory parameters</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Both chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase were elevated in 3 patients (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). Additionally, 5 of the 10 patients in whom chromogranin A measurements were available had high expression of tumor markers.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Statistical analyses</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Statistical analyses were performed using dedicated statistical software (SPSS, v. 15). The detection rate of functional imaging was assessed on a per-lesion basis using the McNemar test. SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> data are expressed as means<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD. A nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span>) was used to determine the significance of differences between the mean SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> of lesions concordant by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA. Combined cross-sectional imaging was used as the reference standard for detection rate evaluation of functional imaging modalities. Anatomical imaging was used for nonparametric methods. <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Results</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When comparing the morphological results with the scintigraphic findings, all 62 lesions seen on anatomical images were detected by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET, whereas <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET detected 56 lesions. No local recurrence of PHEO was apparent on functional or anatomical images. On a per-lesion basis the detection rate of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC was 100% and that of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET was 82.3% (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.01 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.8, respectively). All head and neck lesions seen on anatomical images were verified by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET, but one was missed by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET. One thoracic <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA lesion was not seen by both <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET and diagnostic CT. All abdominal lesions seen on diagnostic CT images were detected by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET, but one was missed by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET. An additional abdominal lesion was detected only by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET. Five bone lesions – verified by CT – were <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA-negative. In addition, nine lesions, seen on <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET, were not detected by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET. Comparing the functional imaging techniques, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET showed 56 lesions (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>), and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET showed 67 lesions. The SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> (mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD) of all concordant lesions was 29.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19.9 for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (range 3.8–78.6) and 12.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9.1 for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (range 2.1–38.7) (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.0001).</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Discussion</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The introduction of SST-labelled analogues (e.g., <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TATE) and combined functional/anatomical imaging (PET/CT) led to a dramatic improvement in detecting PHEO and PGL.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20–24</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A publication of our group confirmed the high sensitivity of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET compared to conventional scintigraphy (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">123</span>I-MIBG imaging) in malignant PHEO (91.7% versus 63.3%) – with anatomical imaging (CT/MRI) as reference standard, indicating that especially bone metastases were more readily detectable in favour of higher spatial PET resolution compared to planar <span class="elsevierStyleSup">123</span>I-MIBG imaging.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> CT provides excellent anatomical detail and high sensitivity for the detection of malignant PHEO and extra-adrenal PGL but shows limited specificity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,25</span></a> In contrast, functional imaging provides high sensitivity and specificity, being able to distinguish between scars and tumour recurrence after previous surgery, which was performed in seven patients before staging in our department. Recent publication of our group confirmed the excellent detection rate of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC in comparison to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT in non-malignant HNPGL, in line with our previous results for metastatic disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We found that <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET is better than <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET in identifying both, malignant PGL and PHEO, with a moderate detection rate of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET compared to the excellent detection rate of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET in line with previous results for identifying metastatic HNPGL.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> A recent publication by Janssen and colleagues showed a lesion-based detection rate of 97.6% for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT compared to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT (74.8%) in sporadic malignant PHEO and extra-adrenal PGL of 22 patients. In line with our results of this study, all bone and abdominal lesions were detected by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TATE PET.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a></p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Unlike <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA TOC gives valuable information on tumour cell receptor status for planning peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, which is particularly useful in patients with surgically inoperable tumours or metastatic disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> We also found that the combination of functional and anatomical imaging (i.e., PET/CT) was required to fully delineate the extent of tumour disease, as has been shown previously by publication of our group.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,22</span></a> Thus, combined cross-sectional imaging increased diagnostic confidence in image interpretation, as observed in two patients in our study, with change of the tumour staging after <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT fusion (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figs. 1 and 2</a>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,22</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In both metastatic PGL and PHEO, the mean SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC were higher than that of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA. Differences in <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA accumulation between primary tumours and metastases of PHEO and PGL have also been reported by Timmers and colleagues.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> This phenomenon is probably due to the fact that malignant lesions have dedifferentiated cells. This dedifferentiation might lead to loss of specific norepinephrine transporters in these tumours, which may explain why the mean <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> was lower than that of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC in previous studies in NET.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,22</span></a> In addition, this might explain the difference in the mean <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> in metastatic PGL and PHEO in our study. Furthermore, semiquantitative SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> evaluation of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC might give additional valuable clinical information in the case of missing or unclear anatomical correlation (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Figs. 1 and 2</a>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This retrospective study had certain limitations. Our patients underwent <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET/CT staging without carbidopa pretreatment. This drug, which decreases decarboxylation and subsequent renal clearance of DOPA, may be used to increase the tumour to background ratio of tracer uptake.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> However, carbidopa pretreatment should have a minor effect on the number of lesions depicted by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET because even with carbidopa pretreatment the performance of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET appears to be suboptimal in case of metastatic disease, especially in patients with the SDHB genotype.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In this retrospective study only eight patients suffered from metastatic PGL and two from malignant PHEO. Therefore, a prospective study of a larger patient cohort is warranted to establish the true clinical value of both functional imaging modalities. Due to the high vascularization rate of these NET, a biopsy of suspicious foci cannot be routinely performed in clinical routine. Therefore, histological proof of visualized lesions, including morphological and scintigraphic imaging, was not clinically feasible. Furthermore, we were unable to calculate specificity for both, metastatic PHEO and PGL because of missing follow-up PET/CT results due to the retrospective study design.</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conclusion</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study demonstrated that <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET is superior to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET in both metastatic PHEO and PGL, compared to diagnostic CT, particularly in bone lesions. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the superiority of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC compared to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA in evaluating malignant PHEO and PGL.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Compliance with ethical standards</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the principles of the 1964 declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> All patients published in this manuscript signed a written informed consent to the PET/CT studies.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:13 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1157610" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Purpose" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1084765" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1157611" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1084764" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Patients" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "F-DOPA PET/CT" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Image interpretation" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Assessment of laboratory parameters" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Statistical analyses" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Results" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Compliance with ethical standards" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack394974" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 12 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2018-07-18" "fechaAceptado" => "2018-09-08" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1084765" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC" 1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA" 2 => "PET" 3 => "Extra-adrenal paraganglioma" 4 => "Pheochromocytoma" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1084764" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC" 1 => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA" 2 => "PET" 3 => "Paraganglioma extra-adrenal" 4 => "Feocromocitoma" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Purpose</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-Fluoro-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">l</span>-dihydroxyphenylalanine (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA) PET offers high sensitivity and specificity in the imaging of non-malignant extra-adrenal paraganglioma (PGL) and pheochromocytoma (PHEO) but lower sensitivity in metastatic disease. These tumours are of neuroendocrine origin and can be detected by <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC) PET. Therefore, we compared <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA as radiolabels for PET/CT imaging for the diagnosis of metastatic extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO. Combined cross-sectional imaging was the reference standard.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 6 men and 4 women (age range 22–72 years) with anatomical and/or histologically proven metastatic PGL and PHEO were included in this study. Of these patients, 2 male patients suffered from PHEO, while the remaining 8 patients were diagnosed as metastatic extra-adrenal PGL disease. Comparative evaluation included morphological imaging with CT and functional imaging with <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET. The imaging results were analyzed on a per-lesion basis. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span>) of each functional imaging modality in concordant tumour lesions was measured.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Compared with anatomical imaging, the per-lesion detection rate of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC was 100% (McNemar, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.01), and that of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET was 82.3% (McNemar, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.8) in metastatic extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO. Overall, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET identified 67 lesions; anatomical imaging identified 62 lesions, and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET identified 56 lesions. The SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> (mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SD) of all concordant lesions was 29.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>19.9 for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET and 12.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9.1 for <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.0001).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET offers the highest detection rate in metastatic extra-adrenal PGL and PHEO compared to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET and even to diagnostic CT, particularly in bone lesions. Combined functional/anatomical imaging (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT) enables exact tumour extension to be detected in these rare tumour entities, especially in the case of unclear anatomical correlation.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Purpose" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-Fluoro-L-dihidroxifenilalanina (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA) ofrece alta sensibilidad y especificidad en el diagnóstico del paraganglioma extra-adrenal no maligno (PGL) y el feocromocitoma (PHEO), pero menor sensibilidad en la enfermedad metastásica. Estos tumores son de origen neuroendocrino, y pueden detectarse mediante PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreótida (<span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC). Por tanto, comparamos <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC y <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA como radiotrazadores para PET/TC para el diagnóstico de PGL extra-adrenal metastásico y PHEO. Las imágenes tomográficas anatómicas y funcionales fusionadas se utilizaron como estándar de referencia.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyó en el estudio a un total de 6 varones y 4 mujeres (rango de edad de 22 a 72 años), con PGL metastásico y PHEO anatómica y/o histológicamente demostrados. De entre estos pacientes, dos varones padecían PHEO, y los ocho pacientes restantes PGL extra-adrenal metastásico. La evaluación comparativa incluyó imagen morfológica con TC, e imagen funcional mediante PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC y <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA. Se analizaron los resultados de las imágenes por lesión. Se midió el valor máximo de captación estandarizado (SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span>) de cada modalidad de imagen funcional en las lesiones tumorales concordantes.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En comparación con la imagen anatómica, la tasa de detección por lesión mediante PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC fue del 100% (McNemar, P<<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,01), y la de PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA fue del 82,3% (McNemar, P<<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,8) para PGL extra-adrenal metastásico y PHEO. En general, la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC identificó 67 lesiones, la imagen anatómica identificó 62 lesiones, y la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA identificó 56 lesiones. El valor SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> (media<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>/- DE) de todas las lesiones concordantes fue de 29,3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>/- 19,9 para la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC, y de 12,3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>/- 9,1 para la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA (prueba U de Mann-Whitney, P<<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,0001).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusión</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC proporciona un índice de detección más elevado en el PGL extra-adrenal metastásico y PHEO, en comparación con la PET con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA e incluso con la TC diagnóstica, particularmente en lo referente a lesiones óseas. La imagen funcional/anatómica combinada (PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC) permite detectar la extensión exacta del tumor en estas entidades tumorales infrecuentes, especialmente en caso de correlación anatómica incierta.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Kroiss AS, Uprimny C, Shulkin BL, Gruber L, Frech A, Jazbec T, et al. Comparación de PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA y PET/TC con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTATOC para la localización de paraganglioma maligno extra-adrenal y feocromocitoma. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2019;38:94–99.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1735 "Ancho" => 2084 "Tamanyo" => 183749 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Maximum intensity projection (MIP) of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (A) in a 62 year old male patient suffering from an extra-adrenal metastatic paraganglioma (patient 1). <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT observed manifestations in the heart (B, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 58.9) and the spine (C, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 25.6). Only the cardiac lesion, between the aorta and vena cava inferior, was positive in <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (MIP D) with a SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> of 8.5 (E), confirmed by diagnostic CT (F, arrow). Diagnostic CT was not able to clearly differentiate between recent postoperative changes and tumour residuum due to resection of a thoracic spine metastasis four months ago in the 9th thoracic vertebra (G) which was <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA negative (H). In contrast, <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET showed a strong focal uptake in this area (C), which – after fused <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT was highly suspected for tumour residuum.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1793 "Ancho" => 2084 "Tamanyo" => 190575 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MIP of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (A) and <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (B) in a 70 year old male patient suffering from a relapse of metastatic PHEO (patient 8). <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET showed a moderate uptake in the thoracic vertebra (C, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 4.4), concordant to <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA PET (D, SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 3.2). After <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT fusion a small sclerosis was detected in the 5th thoracic vertebra (E arrow), which was confirmed as osteoblastic metastasis. In addition, a strong focal <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC uptake was found in the left arm (A and F SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 7.9) – with mild to moderate <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA uptake behaviour in this area (B and G SUV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">max</span> 5.6). Diagnostic CT was not able to clearly differentiate between postoperative changes and tumour residuum after resection of a bone metastasis five years ago in the left arm (H). After fused <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT this lesion was highly suspected for tumour residuum of the left humerus.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">n.a., not available.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Patient no. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sex \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Age (years) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Confirmation method \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tumour location \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Metastases \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Chromogranin A (U/l) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Neuron-specific enolase (μg/l) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Thorax, abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">40.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">55 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">729.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">13.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen, larynx \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">n.a. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Liver \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">113.2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">n.a. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">n.a. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen, thorax \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone, liver, lymph node \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2831.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone, liver, lymph node \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">CT/histology \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen, thorax \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bone, lymph node \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1656.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1976552.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients’ characteristics.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Location \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CT \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-DOTA-TOC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-DOPA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Head and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Chest \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Bone \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1976553.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Per-lesion comparison of scintigraphic imaging findings according to anatomical distribution.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" 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