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Incidental diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor with 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT: Report of clinical case
Diagnóstico incidental de tumor neuroendocrino con 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT: A propósito de un caso
M.I. Moralesa,
Corresponding author
mmlozano@unav.es

Corresponding author.
, A. Erhardb, M.D. Lozanoc, G. Quincocesb, J.A. Richtera, M. Rodríguez-Frailea
a Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
b Servicio de Radiofarmacia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
c Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present a case of a 82-year-old man diagnosed in 2013 of low-risk prostate cancer &#40;PC&#41; adenocarcinoma&#44; Gleason 6 &#40;3&#8239;&#43;&#8239;3&#41; located in the left prostate lobe&#44; T2a&#44; initial PSA of 6&#46;26&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#46; He was treated with external radiotherapy according to the D&#8217;Amico classification modified by Zumsteg &#40;T2&#44; PSA&#8239;&#60;&#8239;10&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#44; Gleason 6&#41;&#46; The total administered dose was 65&#46;24&#8239;Gy&#44; 95 &#37; GTV in 28 fractions over the seminal vesicles and the prostate&#46; Afterward&#44; androgenic blockage was administered &#40;nadir&#58; 3&#46;06&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#41;&#46; Despite the treatments received&#44; the patient presented lymph node recurrence&#44; treated again with external radiotherapy in 2017&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present&#44; the patient was referred because of a suspected biochemical relapse &#40;PSA&#61;2&#46;66&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#44; doubling time&#8239;&#61;&#8239;1&#46;79 months and velocity&#8239;&#61;&#8239;0&#46;01&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#47;month&#41;&#46; However&#44; a differential diagnosis between tumor recurrence and physiological elevation of PSA secondary to the increased levels of testosterone &#40;5&#46;28&#8239;ng&#47;ml&#41;&#44; was considered&#46; For this reason&#44; a <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA PET&#47;CT was performed&#46; Seventy-six minutes after the intravenous injection of 161&#44;32&#8239;MBq of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA&#44; tomographic images were acquired on a Biograph mCT PET&#47;CT &#40;Siemens Healthineers Global&#41; according to the OSEM Iter&#8239;&#43;&#8239;TOF &#40;3&#44;21&#41; reconstruction parameters&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA uptake in a lymph node located in the retroperitoneum at the para-aortic location&#44; suggestive of tumor infiltration&#44; was detected&#46; Furthermore&#44; a lesion with intense uptake of the radiotracer was seen in the pancreatic body which was also suggestive of malignancy &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; A fine-needle biopsy &#40;FNB&#41; of the pancreatic lesion was performed and it resulted in a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor with a proliferation index Ki-67 of 1 &#37; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since the approval of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA as a radiopharmaceutical product for the diagnosis and suspected recurrence of PC in Europe&#44; many publications have reported its ability to incidentally detect non-prostatic tumors with PSMA-expression as renal carcinoma&#44; well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma&#44; lung adenocarcinoma or gastric&#47;colonic adenocarcinoma&#46; However&#44; there is limited evidence about the expression of PSMA in neuroendocrine tumors&#44; typically characterized by an increased tumoral neo-vascularization&#44; which also express the prostate transmembrane glycoprotein &#40;PSMA&#41;&#46; In pancreatic localization&#44; besides neuroendocrine tumors&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> benign lesions as the serous cystadenoma have shown <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA uptake&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> That leads to consider these entities in the differential diagnosis&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As described by other authors&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> the incidental uptake of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA PET&#47;CT hypothetically not related to the PC&#44; supposes important changes in clinical management&#44; being prioritized its treatment in some cases&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This case illustrates the importance of considering those incidental findings on <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA PET&#47;CT that might be due to synchronous tumors and suppose changes in the management of the patient&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Morales MI&#44; Erhard A&#44; Lozano MD&#44; Quincoces G&#44; Richter JA&#44; Rodr&#237;guez-Fraile M&#46; Diagn&#243;stico incidental de tumor neuroendocrino con <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA PET&#47;CT&#58; A prop&#243;sito de un caso&#46; Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol&#46; 2020&#59;39&#58;102&#8211;103&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#46; Maximum intensity projection <span class="elsevierStyleSup">68</span>Ga-PSMA PET&#47;CT images in which is observed focal pancreatic uptake &#40;blue arrow&#41;&#46; B&#46; Retroperitoneal&#44; para-aortic lymph node uptake &#40;SUVmax&#8239;&#61;&#8239;2&#44;6&#41; suggestive of nodal recurrence &#40;blue arrow&#41;&#46; C&#46; Focal uptake in the pancreatic body &#40;SUVmax&#8239;&#61;&#8239;6&#41; related to a biopsy-confirmed neuroendocrine tumor &#40;blue arrow&#41;&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 22538089
Original language: English
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