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Use of 125I seeds in the surgical management of a complex oncological case
Uso de semillas de 125I en el manejo quirúrgico de un caso oncológico complejo
A.G. Castillo-Simóna,
Corresponding author
gadeacassim@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M. Tormo-Rateraa, A. Ferrer-Fuertesb, F.J. Cuesta-Gonzálezb, S. Vidal-Sicarta,c
a Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
c Institut de investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present a 65 year-old male patient diagnosed in march 2020 of a retroauricular superficial spreading malignant melanoma &#40;MM&#41; &#40;Breslow 7&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; with evidence of multiple skin metastases in the wide local excision&#59; further systemic evaluation did not show evidence of distant metastases&#46; In January 2021 lateral cervical lymphadenectomy was performed due to an increased tracer uptake in three cervical lymph nodes in a follow-up <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG PET&#47;CT &#40;not showed&#41;&#46; Histopathology confirmed malignancy in 4 out of the 41 lymph nodes removed&#44; resulting in a IIID pathologic stage&#46; Consequently&#44; a multidisciplinary committee decided to initiate adjuvant therapy with nivolumab&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Eight months later&#44; disease progression was suspected&#59; therefore neck CT was carried out which identified two enlarged lymph nodes &#40;left retroauricular and occipital&#41; and fat stranding between them&#59; ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration &#40;FNA&#41; biopsy of one of the nodes was malignant&#46; Afterwards&#44; a <span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG PET&#47;CT confirmed the increased metabolism of the previously described lymph nodes and a mild uptake in surrounding tissue between them&#44; but without and overt evidence of other FDG avid lesions &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As a result of these findings&#44; nivolumab treatment was stopped and surgical treatment was considered&#46; Thus&#44; the patient was referred to our department in order to carry out a radioguided excision of the impalpable nodes using <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I seeds&#44; which also helped to define and resect the suspected area of malignant tissue between them &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0010">Figs&#46; 2 and 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nowadays&#44; it is well known the use of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I seeds for the localization of impalpable breast lesions&#44; as well as in targeted axillary dissection &#40;TAD&#41; after neoadjuvant chemotheraphy in breast cancer patients with lymph node positivity&#44; among others&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> However&#44; the use of this novel technique is exponentially increasing&#44; becoming a very reliable tool helping surgeons to effectively identify and resect targeted lesions in various oncologic cases&#46; This new role could be explained by the increasing use of sophisticated imaging techniques &#40;such as PET&#47;CT&#41;&#44; which are able to more frequently detect small or occult lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> As a result&#44; the surgeon is placed at the center of clinical enigmas regarding the management of these patients&#44; sometimes requiring preoperative image-guided localization and&#47;or radioguided surgical excision&#46; The use of <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I seeds in the surgical management of the complex oncological cases could become a key technique due to the fact that its use can define not only the targeted lesion but also a potential involved area to be resected &#40;bracketing&#41;&#46;</p></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span>F-FDG PET&#47;CT axial images &#40;a&#8211;c&#41; and emission-based attenuation correction PET axial image &#40;d&#41; performed after a positive FNA biopsy of an enlarged lymph node identified on neck CT&#46; &#40;a&#41; Increased metabolism of the occipital lymph node&#59; &#40;b&#41; increased metabolism of the retroauricular lymph node&#59; &#40;c&#44; d&#41; increased uptake of the tissue surrounding the two lymph nodes&#44; which correlates with the area of fat stranding showed in the previous neck CT&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">SPECT&#47;CT axial and volumetric reconstruction images showing the localization of the <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I seeds placed&#44; under ultrasound guidance&#44; in the occipital and retroauricular lymph nodes the day before surgery&#44; which also defined the suspected area of malignant tissue planned to be resected&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;a&#44; b&#41; Gamma probe guiding the position of the <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I retroauricular seed during the surgical procedure&#44; helping the surgeon to decide the proper skin incision &#40;a&#41; and localizing the retroauricular node &#40;b&#41;&#46; &#40;c&#41; Visualization of the <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I occipital seed in the surgical field after localization with the gamma probe&#46; &#40;d&#41; Dissection of the retroauricular node in the Pathology department that shows the <span class="elsevierStyleSup">125</span>I seed&#44; before collecting the seeds back to the Nuclear Medicine department&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 22538089
Original language: English
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