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Vol. 54. Issue 2.
Pages 123-126 (April - June 2021)
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Vol. 54. Issue 2.
Pages 123-126 (April - June 2021)
Brief report
Pathological thyroid findings in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis
Hallazgos tiroideos patológicos en tirotoxicosis inducida por amiodarona
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Laura Gómez-Isazaa, Noel González-Ortegab, José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeirob,?
a Department of Anatomic Pathology and Clinical Pathology, University of Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
b Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Abstract

Amiodarone (AMD) is a class III antiarrhythmic drug whose chronic or high dosage administration alters the tests of thyroid function. AMD is also associated with hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis. Total thyroidectomy is an efficient treatment of AMD-induced thyrotoxicosis in cases resistant to medical therapy, worsening of cardiac function and/or severe thyrotoxicosis. Although AMD is a widely used drug, its pathological consequences are not well known. We describe the pathological findings in the thyroid gland of a patient who underwent total thyroidectomy due to AMD-induced thyrotoxicosis. The surgical specimen was macroscopically normal, but histologically showed multiple follicles totally or partially invaded by clear vacuolated (foamy) histiocytes, sometimes multinucleated. Loss of thyrocytes, breaks in the follicular basal membrane and stromal fibrosis could also be appreciated but no lymphocytic infiltrates were found. An awareness of these histopathological features is particularly important for surgical pathologists, especially as there are very few published reports describing these alterations.

Keywords:
Amiodarone
Thyrotoxicosis
Thyroid gland
Resumen

La amiodarona (AMD) es un agente antiarrítmico de clase III, cuya dosificación crónica o elevada altera las pruebas de funcionamiento tiroideo. La AMD está también asociada a hipotiroidismo o tirotoxicosis. La tiroidectomía total es un tratamiento eficaz de la tirotoxicosis inducida por AMD en casos resistentes a la terapia médica, empeoramiento de la función cardiaca y/o tirotoxicosis grave. Aunque la AMD es un fármaco ampliamente utilizado, sus consecuencias patológicas son poco conocidas. Por tanto, describimos los hallazgos patológicos en la glándula tiroides de un paciente sometido a tiroidectomía total, debido a tirotoxicosis inducida por AMD. La muestra quirúrgica fue normal a nivel macroscópico, aunque histológicamente reveló múltiples folículos total o parcialmente invadidos por histiocitos vacuolados claros (espumosos), y a veces multinucleados. También pudo apreciarse pérdida de tirocitos, rotura de la membrana basal folicular y fibrosis estromal, aunque no se encontraron infiltrados linfocíticos. El conocimiento de estas características histopatológicas es particularmente interesante para los patólogos quirúrgicos, dado que existen pocos artículos publicados que ilustren estas alteraciones.

Palabras clave:
Amiodarona
Tirotoxicosis
Glándula tiroides

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