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Vol. 13. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (March 2009)
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Vol. 13. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (March 2009)
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Hipertiroidismo en el síndrome de Down
Hyperthyroidism in Down síndrome
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Cristina Claret-Torrents1, Albert Goday-Arno1,2,3,
Corresponding author
agoday@imas.imim.es

Correspondencia: Servei d’ Endocrinologia i Nutrició Hospital Universitari del Mar. Passeig Marítim 25–29, 08003 Barcelona.
, Mariaina Cerdà-Esteve, Juana Flores-Le Roux1, Juan José Chillarón-Jordan1, Juan Francisco Cano-Pérez1,3
1 Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitari del Mar. Barcelona
2 Centro Médico Down. Fundación Catalana Síndrome de Down. Barcelona
3 Facultad de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Resumen

La patología tiroidea, sobre todo el hipotiroidismo, es frecuente en las personas con síndrome de Down (SD). El hipertiroidismo también se presenta con mayor frecuencia en los pacientes con SD, si bien hasta ahora sólo se habían publicado casos aislados o series cortas. Recientemente, hemos publicado la serie más extensa a día de hoy sobre la relación entre hipertiroidismo y SD. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los 1.856 pacientes atendidos en la Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down (FCSD) entre los años 1991 y 2006 y se diagnosticaron 12 casos de hipertiroidismo. La etiología fue en todos ellos la enfermedad de Graves y, tras un tratamiento inicial con fármacos antitiroideos, todos los pacientes requirieron tratamiento definitivo con Yodo 131. El diagnóstico precoz mediante cribado anual bioquímico suele ser ineficaz comparado con los resultados que da con el hipotiroidismo. El hipertiroidismo puede tener efectos sobre el crecimiento y el desarrollo de los niños y adolescentes con SD, que son reversibles con la instauración del tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Hipertiroidismo
Síndrome de Down
Enfermedad de Graves
Tiroides
Crecimiento
Abstract

Thyroid conditions, particularly hypothyroidism, are common in people with Down syndrome (DS). Hyperthyroidism is also found at a higher-than-average rate in patients with DS, although only isolated case reports and short series had been published up until now. We recently published the longest series so far examining the relationship between hyperthyroidism and DS. A systematic review of the 1,856 patients seen at Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down (FCSD) from 1991 to 2006 was undertaken, and 12 cases of hyperthyroidism were diagnosed. The etiological cause was found to be Graves disease in all cases. After initial treatment with antithyroid drugs, all patients required definitive treatment with radioactive iodine I-131. Annual biochemical screening for early diagnosis is less effective than it is for hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism may influence growth and development in children with DS; treatment can reverse its impact.

Keywords:
Hyperthyroidism
Down syndrome
Graves disease
Thyroid gland
Growth
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Copyright © 2009. FCSD. All rights reserved
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