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Inicio Revista Médica Internacional sobre el Síndrome de Down (English Edition) Coeliac disease profile in Down syndrome patients
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 3-9 (March 2010)
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 3-9 (March 2010)
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Coeliac disease profile in Down syndrome patients
Perfil de la enfermedad celíaca en los pacientes con síndrome de Down
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A. Rodríguez Martínez
Corresponding author
armgastropediatria@gmail.com

Correspondence author.
, B. Espín Jaime, A. González-Meneses López, M. González Fernández-Palacios, A. Pizarro Martín, I. Gómez de Terreros Sánchez
Gastroenterology Section, Paediatric Hepatology and Nutrition, Social Paediatrics and Dismorphology Section, Virgen del Rocío University Hospitals, Seville, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction and objective

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are a major risk group for coeliac disease (CD). The aim of this study is to find differences in the CD profile in this group in order to take a different medical approach.

Patients and methods

This observational, descriptive and comparative study included 81 patients aged under 15 years monitored between January 1999 and December 2008. Patients were divided into two groups, a first group including 28 children with CD and DS, and a second age— and sex-matched group of 53 children with CD and no DS. Retrospective data from medical records were analyzed.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, symptoms at diagnosis, body measurements, serological markers and histological data. Members of the DS group were significantly likelier to have no family history of CD or an association with autoimmune thyroiditis. Breastfeeding was initiated less frequently in the DS group, and the introduction of gluten was significantly delayed. The genetic study showed a significantly high frequency of the DQ8 heterodimer in patients with SD.

Conclusions

The clinical profile of CD in children with DS appears to be similar to that for children without this condition. The risk heterodimer distribution in DS individuals in this series differs from published data. Some nutritional features in this population could entail new risk factors that might trigger the onset of CD.

Keywords:
Coeliac disease
Down syndrome
Trisomy 21
Resumen
Introducción

El colectivo de personas con síndrome de Down (SD) es uno de los más importantes dentro de los grupos de riesgo de enfermedad celíaca (EC). Nuestro objetivo es encontrar diferencias en el perfil de la EC en este colectivo que permitan un manejo médico diferente.

Pacientes y método

Estudio observacional, descriptivo y comparativo que incluyó a 81 pacientes menores de 15 años controlados entre enero de 1999 y diciembre de 2008. Se establecieron dos grupos; el primero incluyó a 28 niños con EC y SD y el segundo incluyó a 53 niños con EC y sin SD, ajustados por edad y sexo. Se analizaron retrospectivamente los datos procedentes de las historias clínicas.

Resultados

No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a la edad de diagnóstico, la presentación clínica, la sintomatología al diagnóstico, la somatometría, los marcadores serológicos o los datos histológicos. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el grupo SD en relación con la ausencia de antecedentes familiares de EC y en la asociación con tiroiditis autoinmune. Este grupo inició menos frecuentemente la lactancia materna y la introducción del gluten fue significativamente más tardía. El estudio genético mostró una importante frecuencia de heterodímeros DQ8 en el grupo de pacientes con SD.

Conclusiones

El perfil clínico de la EC en el niño con SD parece similar al del niño sin esta condición. La distribución de los heterodímeros de riesgo en los individuos con SD de nuestra serie difiere de los datos publicados. Existen peculiaridades nutricionales en este colectivo que podrían determinar la presencia de nuevos factores de riesgo que precipiten la aparición de una EC.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad celiaca
Síndrome de Down
Trisomía 21
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Copyright © 2010. Fundació Catalana Síndrome Down
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