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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
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Inicio Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial Carcinoma Espinocelular da Língua – Factores de Risco e Importância do Recon...
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Vol. 51. Issue 1.
Pages 49-55 (January - March 2010)
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Vol. 51. Issue 1.
Pages 49-55 (January - March 2010)
Revisão
Open Access
Carcinoma Espinocelular da Língua – Factores de Risco e Importância do Reconhecimento de Lesões Pré-Malignas
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9416
Cátia Carvalho Silva
,
Corresponding author
sofiacarvalho_31@msn.com

Correspondência para:.
, Barbas do Amaral**, José Frias Bulhosa***
* Aluna do 6° ano da Licenciatura de Medicina Dentária da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa
** Chefe do Serviço de Estomatologia do Centro Hospitalar do Porto
*** Docente das disciplinas de Medicina Dentária Preventiva e Comunitária e de Metodologias de Investigação na Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa
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Article information
Abstract
Objective

To discuss the risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue as well as emphasize the importance of systematic monitoring for early diagnosis of premalignant lesions.

Topics

Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue as other oral malignancy is more common among males aged over 45 years-old; however, this gender rate tends to be less pronounced and more documented in young adults. The tongue presents itself as the preferentially place affected by this type of cancer, representing about 50% of oral carcinomas. Squamous cell carcinoma can be presented in different clinical aspect, like exophytic, endophytic, leukoplakia, erytroplakia or erytroleucoplakia. Patients should avoid exposure to major risk factors: tobacco and alcohol, but other factors may promote the emergence of potentially malignant lesions: viral infections, oral lichen planus, iron deficiency, immunosuppression, food ingestion in extreme temperatures and traumatic agents. Squamous cell carcinoma is often preceded by pre-malignant lesions, but mostly clinically detectable symptoms. These lesions appear to be in the form of leukoplakia, erytroplakia or eytroleucoplakia and whenever they are identified, a conventional biopsy should be performed to obtain a definitive histopathological diagnosis.

Developed work

Search based on several primary and secondary databases a Medline/Pubmed database, B-Online, Scielo and Scopus

Key-words:
Squamous cell carcinoma
Tongue
Risk factors
Pre-malignant lesions
Diagnosis
Resumo
Objectivo

Discutir os factores de risco do carcinoma espinocelular da língua assim como enfatizar a importância de uma observação sistemática para um diagnóstico precoce de lesões pré-malignas.

Tópicos abordados

O carcinoma espinocelular da língua à semelhança de outros tumores malignos orais é mais frequente nos indivíduos do sexo masculino com idade superior a 45 anos, no entanto, esta razão (homem/mulher) tende a ser cada vez menos pronunciada e mais documentada em adultos jovens. A língua apresenta-se como o local preferencialmente afectado por este tipo de neoplasia, representando cerca de 50% dos carcinomas orais. O carcinoma espinocelular pode apresentar-se sob diversas formas clínicas, nomeadamente: exofítica, endofítica, leucoplásica, eritroplásica ou eritroleucoplásica. Os doentes devem evitar a exposição aos factores de risco mais comuns: tabaco e álcool mas, outros factores podem propiciar o aparecimento de lesões potencialmente malignas: infecções víricas, líquen plano oral, deficiências em ferro, imunossupressão, alimentos a temperaturas extremas e agentes traumatizantes. O carcinoma espinocelular é frequentemente precedido de lesões pré-malignas, clinicamente detectáveis mas maioritariamente assintomáticas. Estas lesões apresentam-se sob a forma de leucoplasias, eritroplasias ou eritroleucoplasias e sempre que são identificadas, uma biópsia incisional deve ser realizada para a obtenção de um diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo.

Trabalho desenvolvido

: Tendo por base uma pesquisa bibliográfica realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Medline database, B-online, Scielo, Scopus.

Palavras-Chave:
Carcinoma Espinocelular
Língua
Factores de risco
Lesões pré-malignas
Diagnóstico
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(Silva CC, Amaral B, Bulhosa JF. Carcinoma Espinocelular da Língua – Factores de Risco e Importância do Reconhecimento de Lesões Pré-Malignas. Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac 2010; 51:49–55)

Copyright © 2010. Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária
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