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Vol. 5. Issue 1.
Pages 10-15 (January 2004)
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Vol. 5. Issue 1.
Pages 10-15 (January 2004)
Brote familiar de sarampión en un municipio de la comarca de la Anoia (Barcelona)
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I. Barrabeiga,*, A. Roviraa, N. Tornerb, A. Domínguezb
a Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Región Costa Ponent. Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social. Barcelona
b Dirección General de Salut Pública. Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social. Barcelona. España
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RESUMEN
Objetivo

Describir la investigación y el control de un brote de sarampión.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo. Se cumplimentó la encuesta epidemiológica de caso, en la que se recogieron variables descriptivas, clínicas, factores de exposición al virus, estado de inmunización de los casos y de sus contactos susceptibles.

Resultados

Se detectaron 11 casos que afectaron a una familia que había rechazado la vacunación contra el sarampión. No se produjo ningún caso fuera de este ámbito familiar. Dos casos se confirmaron por detección de anticuerpos IgM antisarampión y los restantes porque estaban relacionados epidemiológicamente.

Conclusiones

El estudio de este brote refuerza la idea de que para mantener la eliminación del sarampión en nuestra comunidad es imprescindible y necesario asegurar una elevada cobertura vacunal en toda la población, tanto autóctona como inmigrante, dada la existencia de agrupaciones de personas que no aceptan la vacunación.

Palabras clave:
Sarampión
Vacunación antisarampión
Vigilancia epidemiológica
ABSTRACT
Objective

To describe investigation into and control of a measles outbreak.

Material and methods

We performed a descriptive epidemiological study. An epidemiological survey of measles cases was performed. The survey gathered information on descriptive and clinical features, factors related to viral exposure, and the immunization status of cases and of their susceptible contacts.

Results

Eleven cases affecting a family that had refused measles vaccination were detected. No other cases were detected outside this family. Two cases were confirmed by detection of anti-measles IgM antibodies and the remaining were linked epidemiologically.

Conclusions

Analysis of this outbreak lends support to the notion that to maintain measles elimination in our community, high vaccination coverage throughout both the autochthonous and immigrant population is essential, given that there are pockets of individuals who refuse vaccination.

Key words:
Measles
Measles vaccination
Epidemiological surveillance

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