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Inicio Vacunas (English Edition) Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 RBD antibody titers generated by the protein subuni...
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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 331-339 (July - September 2024)
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Vol. 25. Issue 3.
Pages 331-339 (July - September 2024)
Original article
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 RBD antibody titers generated by the protein subunit vaccine Abdala in breast milk
Títulos de anticuerpos anti-RBD de la variante Omicron BA.5 del SARS-CoV-2 generados por la vacuna de subunidad proteica Abdala en leche materna
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Maylin Pérez-Bernala,
Corresponding author
maylin.perez@cigb.edu.cu

Corresponding author.
, Carlos Hernándeza, Rafael Ibargollínb, Midalis Martínezc, Migdiala Soriac, Magali Delgadoa, Dayamí Dortab, Enrique Péreza, José M. Sánchez-Ríosa
a Research & Development Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Circunvalante Norte, Olivos III, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba
b Production Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Circunvalante Norte, Olivos III, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba
c Neonatology Service, General Hospital “Camilo Cienfuegos”, 128 Bartolome Maso, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants.
Table 2. Results of the evaluation of ELISA specificity for detecting SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD antibodies in breast milk.
Table 3. Correlation between parity at the beginning of vaccination and IgA and IgG titers, against SARS-CoV-2 RBD Wuhan-Hu-1 (RBDWuh) and Omicron BA.5 (RBDOmic), in breast milk collected from puerperal women immunized during pregnancy with Abdala COVID-19 vaccine.
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Abstract
Objective

In this work, we investigate the presence of antibodies against OmicronBA.5 RBD in breast milk from puerperal women, vaccinated during pregnancy with the protein subunit vaccine Abdala, based on the Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD.

Materials and methods

Breast milk samples were collected between September 30 and November 25, 2021, from 2 groups of participants: 5- and 9-weeks after the third dose of the vaccine. Antibody titers against OmicronBA.5 RBD and Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD were evaluated simultaneously by a homemade ELISA. The relationship of antibody titers with the parity at the beginning of vaccination and with the participants health status was assessed.

Results

Binding of OmicronBA.5 RBD, such as Wuhan-Hu-1, to IgA and IgG antibodies was detected in all breast milk samples, although the anti-RBD-Wuhan-Hu-1 titers were higher. The immune response to OmicronBA.5 could be related to the glycosylation of the Abdala RBD, expressed in Pichia pastoris, which contributes to the immunogenicity and to the exposure of epitopes that are conserved in pandemic variants, such as Omicron. Antibody titers against both RBDs were lower in participants with chronic diseases and in multiparous.

Conclusions

This is the first report of simultaneous detection of antibody titers, against the Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD and OmicronBA.5 RBD, in breast milk from puerperal women vaccinated with 3 doses a COVID-19 protein subunit vaccine. There is a tendency to decrease the antibody response after vaccination, due to chronic diseases and multiparity.

Keywords:
Abdala vaccine
Antibody titers
Health status
Omicron BA.5 RBD
Parity
Resumen
Objetivo

En este trabajo investigamos la presencia de anticuerpos anti-RBD ÓmicronBA.5 en leche materna de puérperas, vacunadas durante el embarazo la vacuna de subunidad proteica Abdala, basada en la RBD Wuhan-Hu-1.

Materiales y métodos

Se recolectaron muestras de leche materna, entre el 30 de septiembre y el 25 de noviembre de 2021, de dos grupos de participantes: 5 y 9 semanas después de la tercera dosis de Abdala. Los títulos de anticuerpos contra los RBD OmicronBA.5 y Wuhan-Hu-1 se evaluaron simultáneamente mediante ELISA. Se analizó la relación de los títulos de anticuerpos con la paridad al inicio de la vacunación y con el estado de salud de las participantes.

Resultados

En todas las muestras de leche materna se detectó la unión de RBD Ómicron BA.5 y Wuhan-Hu-1, a anticuerpos IgA e IgG, aunque fueron mayores los títulos anti-RBD-Wuhan-Hu-1. La respuesta inmune a ÓmicronBA.5 podría estar relacionada con la glicosilación del RBD de Abdala, expresada en Pichia pastoris, que contribuye a la inmunogenicidad y a la exposición de epítopos conservados en variantes pandémicas, como Ómicron. Los títulos de anticuerpos contra ambos RBD fueron menores en presencia de enfermedades crónicas y en las multíparas.

Conclusiones

Este es el primer reporte de detección simultánea de anticuerpos anti-RBD Wuhan-Hu-1 y ÓmicronBA.5, en leche materna de puérperas vacunadas con tres dosis de una vacuna COVID-19 de subunidad proteica. Existe una tendencia a disminuir la respuesta de anticuerpos después de la vacunación, debido a enfermedades crónicas y a la multiparidad.

Palabras clave:
Vacuna Abdala
Títulos de anticuerpos
Omicron BA.5 RBD
Estado de salud
Paridad

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