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Trazodona: ¿Nuevo enfoque selectivo para el tratamiento de los sofocos generados por la deprivación androgénica en el carcinoma prostático?
Trazodone: A new selective approach to the treatment of hot flashes induced by androgen deprivation in prostate carcinoma?
Santiago Vilar González1,
, Francesc Montañá Puig**, Sebastiá Sabater Martí*, Mª Victoria Villas Sánchez*, Mª del Mar Sevillano Capellán*, Manuel Aguayo Martos*
* Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA) Albacete
** Angelini-Farmaceútica. España
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El protagonismo creciente del carcinoma prost&#225;tico en las sociedades desarrolladas hace que tenga que ser muy tenido en cuenta el balance beneficio-perjuicio de los tratamientos prestados&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Dado el enfoque terap&#233;utico cada vez m&#225;s complejo del carcinoma prost&#225;tico&#44; hoy en d&#237;a se requiere de una suma de conocimientos extensos&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La deprivaci&#243;n androg&#233;nica juega un papel principal en esta patolog&#237;a&#46; El tratamiento de la toxicidad derivada en forma de sofocos&#44; s&#237;ndrome metab&#243;lico&#44; osteoporosis&#44; trastornos cognitivos&#44; etc&#46;&#44; adquiere cada vez mayor inter&#233;s&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El tratamiento farmacol&#243;gico de los sofocos pasa por un manejo hormonal no exento de riesgo oncol&#243;gico a la par que de una toxicidad nada despreciable&#46; Dentro del tratamiento no hormonal de esta patolog&#237;a juegan un papel destacado los antidepresivos&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La trazodona&#44; un antidepresivo SARI &#40;inhibidores de la recaptaci&#243;n de serotonina&#47;antagonista de la 2A&#41;&#44; con un perfil de actuaci&#243;n m&#225;s selectivo sobre los receptores implicados en los sofocos&#59; podr&#237;a ser de gran inter&#233;s&#46; Trazodona muestra una gran afinidad por los receptores 5-HT2A y una moderada afinidad por los receptores 5-HT1A&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Como es conocido los niveles de serotonina &#40;5-hidroxitriptamina o 5-HT&#41; en mujeres postmenop&#225;usicas est&#225;n disminuidos&#44; normaliz&#225;ndose con las terapias sustitutivas&#46; Todo ello sugiere que la deprivaci&#243;n abrupta de hormonas sexuales da lugar a una reducci&#243;n en la circulaci&#243;n de serotonina&#44; con el consiguiente aumento de sus receptores 5-HT2A hipotal&#225;micos&#46; Estos receptores estar&#237;an implicados en la patog&#233;nesis de los sofocos siendo su bloqueo una de las principales medidas terap&#233;uticas&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El uso de trazodona elevando las concentraciones de serotonina y bloqueando a los receptores 5-HT2A y 5-HT1A podr&#237;a plantearse como un nuevo enfoque m&#225;s de acorde con la fisiopatolog&#237;a de los sofocos&#46; Estudios comparativos bien dirigidos son necesarios para dar respuesta en cuanto a su efectividad&#46; Otras cuestiones pendientes ser&#237;an las dosis y el tiempo de tratamiento m&#225;s eficaz para el control de los sofocos&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The growing relevance of prostate carcinoma in the developed world requires serious attention to focus on the risk-benefit relationships of the treatments used&#46;</p><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Given the increasingly complex therapeutic approach to prostate carcinoma&#44; an extensive range of knowledge is required&#46;</p><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Androgen deprivation plays a central role in this disease&#46; The management of androgen deprivation-derived toxicity in the form of hot flashes&#44; metabolic syndrome&#44; osteoporosis&#44; cognitive disorders&#44; etc&#46;&#44; is of growing interest&#46;</p><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The drug treatment of hot flashes involves hormone management that is not without oncological risk and moreover generates considerable toxicity&#46; Antidepressants in turn play an important role in the non-hormone treatment of this disorder&#46;</p><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Trazodone&#44; a serotonin reuptake inhibitor&#47;5-HT2A receptor antagonist affording more selective action upon the receptors implicated in hot flashes&#44; could be of great interest&#46; Trazodone shows great affinity for the 5-HT2A receptors and moderate affinity for the 5-HT1A receptors&#46;</p><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Serotonin &#40;5-hydroxytryptamine&#44; or 5-HT&#41; levels are known to be lowered in postmenopausal women&#44; and normalize when replacement therapy is provided&#46; This suggests that abrupt sexual hormone deprivation gives rise to a reduction in blood serotonin &#8211; with a subsequent increase in its hypothalamic 5-HT2A receptors&#46; These receptors would be implicated in the physiopathology of hot flashes&#59; as a result&#44; the blocking of such receptors is one of the principal therapeutic measures&#46;</p><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The use of trazodone&#44; increasing the serotonin concentrations and blocking the 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors&#44; could be viewed as a novel management approach more in line with the physiopathology of hot flashes&#46; Well designed comparative studies are needed to establish the efficacy of such treatment&#46; Other issues pending clarification would be the most effective dose and duration of treatment for controlling hot flashes&#46;</p>"
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