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Vol. 76. Núm. 2.
Páginas 78-83 (agosto 2004)
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Vol. 76. Núm. 2.
Páginas 78-83 (agosto 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Anopexia mucosa circular en el tratamiento de las hemorroides y del prolapso mucoso rectal: complicaciones y resultados
Circular mucosal anopexy in the treatment of hemorrhoids and rectal mucosa prolapse: Complications and results
Visitas
11683
A. Luis Hidalgo-Grau1
Autor para correspondencia
llhidalgo@csm.scs.es

Correspondencia: L.A. Hidalgo Grau. Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital de Mataró. Ctra. de Cirera, s/n. 08304 Mataró. Barcelona. España.
, Adolfo Heredia-Budó, Francesc García-Cuyàs, Josep Maria Gubern-Nogués, Xavier Suñol-Sala
Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital de Mataró. Mataró. Barcelona. España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Introducción

La anopexia mucosa circular (AMC) es una técnica de reciente descripción que intenta reducir el dolor postoperatorio en caso de intervención quirúrgica por hemorroides y/o prolapso mucoso rectal. El objetivo del presente estudio descriptivo es evaluar los resultados de nuestro grupo con la utilización de la AMC.

Pacientes y método

Hemos intervenido a 96 pacientes con AMC (61 varones y 35 mujeres) en 4 años: 22 casos de prolapso mucoso rectal y 74 de hemorroides (19 de grado II, 27 de grado III y 28 de grado IV). La AMC se realizó con el equipo PPH01TM (Ethicon Endosurgery) y en 63 casos a través de la unidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria. Se valoraron prospectivamente el dolor postoperatorio, las complicaciones inmediatas y la eficacia de la técnica (seguimiento medio, 23,1 meses; rango, 6-49 meses).

Resultados

El 82% de los pacientes manifestó dolor por debajo de 2 en la escala analógica visual de dolor (0-10) a las 24 h. La urgencia defecatoria y el tenesmo rectal, ambos leves, han sido constantes en la primera semana y han desaparecido con posterioridad. Se produjeron 8 casos (8,3%) de incontinencia leve autolimitada en los primeros 3 meses, y 4 pacientes presentaron complicaciones hemorrágicas graves, de los que 3 precisaron reintervención y hemostasia de la línea de grapado y 1 presentó un hematoma perirrectal que se trató de manera conservadora. En el seguimiento, 74 pacientes se hallan asintomáticos (77,1%), en 17 (17,7%) ha disminuido la sintomatología de forma evidente y 5 pacientes han requerido reintervención por fracaso de la técnica.

Conclusiones

Hemos conseguido una eficacia notable en el tratamiento de las hemorroides y del prolapso mucoso rectal mediante la AMC, con un índice de complicaciones aceptable. El éxito de la AMC se basa en su implantación progresiva y la aplicación de una técnica quirúrgica cuidadosa. Su eficacia a largo plazo está pendiente de seguimientos más prolongados.

Palabras clave:
Hemorroides
Prolapso mucoso rectal
Anopexia mucosa circular
Introduction

Circular mucosal anopexy (CMA) is a new surgical procedure for decreasing postoperative pain after surgical interventions for hemorrhoids and/or rectal mucosa prolapse. The aim of the present descriptive study was to evaluate the results of the CMA technique in our group.

Patients and method

Ninety-six patients underwent the CMA procedure (61 men, 35 women) during a 4-year period: 22 patients had rectal mucosa prolapse and 74 had hemorrhoids (second degree in 19, third degree in 27, and fourth degree in 28). CMA was performed with a PPH01TM device (Ethicon Endosurgery). Sixty-three patients underwent day-case surgery. Postoperative pain, early complications and the efficacy of CMA were prospectively evaluated (mean follow- up: 23.1 months; range 6-49).

Results

Postoperative pain after 24 hours was less than 2 (visual analog scale of pain, 0-10) in 82% of patients. Low-intensity fecal urgency and tenesmus were present in the first week and subsequently disappeared. Eight patients (8.3%) complained of mild, self-limiting incontinence during the first 3 months after surgery. Four patients presented severe postoperative bleeding, of which three required reintervention and hemostasia of the staple line; one patient had a perirectal hematoma that was conservatively treated. In the follow-up, 74 patients (77.1%) were asymptomatic, 17 (17.7%) had notably decreased symptomatology and 5 patients required reoperation due to failure of the technique.

Conclusions

We have achieved notable efficacy in the treatment of hemorrhoids and rectal mucosa prolapse with CMA, with an acceptable rate of complications. The success of CMA is based on the progressive introduction and careful surgical application of the technique. Its long-term efficacy remains to be evaluated in studies with longer follow-up periods.

Key words:
Hemorrhoids
Rectal mucosa prolapse
Circular mucosal anopexy
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Copyright © 2004. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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