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Vol. 75. Núm. 5.
Páginas 244-249 (mayo 2004)
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Vol. 75. Núm. 5.
Páginas 244-249 (mayo 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Bypass gástrico
Gastric bypass
Visitas
13915
Ismael Díez del Val1
Autor para correspondencia
idiez@htxa.osakidetza.net

Correspondencia: Dr. I. Díez del Val. Sección de Cirugía Gastroesofágica y Endocrina. Unidad de Cirugía Bariátrica. Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital Txagorritxu. José Achótegui, s/n. 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Álava. España.
, Cándido Martínez-Blázquez, Juan Valencia-Cortejoso, Valentín Sierra-Esteban, José María Vitores-López
Sección de Cirugía Gastroesofágica y Endocrina. Unidad de Cirugía Bariátrica. Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital Txagorritxu. Vitoria-Gasteiz. Álava. España
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Información del artículo
Resumen

Entre las técnicas quirúrgicas para el tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida, el bypass gástrico es en la actualidad el realizado con más asiduidad. Entre febrero de 1998 y octubre de 2003 en nuestro servicio hemos llevado a cabo 454 bypass gástricos, 408 primarios y 46 como conversión de gastroplastia anillada previa: 274 por vía abierta y 180 por laparoscopia. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 41 años (19- 68) y un 83% de éstos eran mujeres. El peso medio fue de 132 kg (75-220) y el índice de masa corporal, de 48,23 kg/m2 (37-71).

De los 233 pacientes intervenidos de forma primaria mediante cirugía abierta, 24 (10,3%) sufrieron complicaciones, destacando 3 dehiscencias (1,3%), 13 hemorragias (5,6%) y un fallecimiento (0,43%). Ocho tuvieron que ser reintervenidos. De los 175 bypass gástricos primarios por laparoscopia, 12 pacientes (6,9%) experimentaron, entre otras, 4 dehiscencias (2,3%), 6 hemorragias (3,4%), 5 reoperaciones y un fallecimiento (0,57%).

A largo plazo, destacan un 28% de eventraciones en cirugía abierta y 3 hernias transmesocólicas en cirugía laparoscópica, que nos han hecho cambiar el ascenso del asa de Roux a la vía antecólica y antegástrica. El 79% de los 56 pacientes seguidos durante más de 4 años alcanza un índice de masa corporal inferior a 35 kg/m2, y el 85% mantiene un sobrepeso perdido superior al 50%. El porcentaje medio del sobrepeso perdido es del 71%.

Palabras clave:
Obesidad mórbida
Bypass gástrico
Bypass gástrico por laparoscopia

Of the surgical techniques for the treatment of morbid obesity, gastric bypass (GB) is currently the most widely performed.

Between February 1998 and October 2003, in our service we performed 454 GB, 408 primary and 46 as conversion from previous ringed gastroplasty: 274 procedures were performed using open surgery and 180 were performed using the laparoscopic approach. The mean age of the patients was 41 years (19- 68) and 83% were women. The mean weight was 132 kg (75-220) and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 48.23 kg/m2 (37-71).

Of the 233 patients who underwent primary open surgery, 24 (10.3%) presented complications, notably three dehiscences (1.3%), 13 hemorrhages (5.6%) and one death (0.43%). Eight patients required reoperation. Of the 175 primary laparoscopic GB, 12 patients (6.9%) presented complications. Among others, these complications consisted of four dehiscences (2.3%), six hemorrhages (3.4%), five reoperations and one death (0.57%).

The most important long-term complications were eventrations in 28% of patients undergoing open surgery and transmesocolic hernias in three patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, which led us to change limb placement to antecolic-antegastric. Of the 56 patients followed-up for more than 4 years, 79% achieved a BMI of less than 35 kg/m2 and 85% maintained a weight loss of more than 50%. The mean percentage of excess weight lost was 71%.

Key words:
Morbid obesity
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
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Copyright © 2004. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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