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Vol. 88. Núm. 5.
Páginas 299-307 (noviembre 2010)
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Vol. 88. Núm. 5.
Páginas 299-307 (noviembre 2010)
Acceso a texto completo
Surgical treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma by cephalic duodenopancreatectomy (Part 1). Post-surgical complications in 204 cases in a reference hospital
Tratamiento quirúrgico del adenocarcinoma pancreático mediante duodenopancreatectomía cefálica (Parte 1). Complicaciones postoperatorias en 204 casos en un centro de referencia
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2266
Juli Busquetsa,
Autor para correspondencia
jbusquets@bellvitgehospital.cat

Corresponding author.
, Juan Fabregata, Rosa Jorbaa, Núria Peláeza, Francisco García-Borobiaa, Cristina Masuetb, Carlos Vallsc, Laura Martínez-Carniceroc, Laura Lladóa, Jaume Torrasaa
a Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Cephalic duodenopancreatectomy (CDP) is the treatment of choice in cancer of the head of the pancreas. However, it continues to have a high post-surgical morbidity and mortality.

The aim of this article is to define variables that influence post-surgical morbidity and mortality after cephalic duodenopancreatectomy due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) cancer of the head of the pancreas (CHP).

Material and methods

The variables were prospectively collected form patients operated on between 1991 and 2007, in order to investigate the factors of higher morbidity.

Results

A total of 204 patients had been intervened due to PA, of whom 57 were older than 70 years. Of these patients, 119 had a CDP, 11 extended lymphadectomy, 66 with pyloric conservation, and 8 with extension to total pancreatectomy due to involvement of the section margin. Portal or mesenteric vein resection was included in 35 cases. Post-surgical complications were detected in 45% of cases, the most frequent being: slow gastric emptying (20%), surgical wound infection (17%), pancreatic fistula (10%), and serious medical complications (8%). Further surgery was required in 13%, and the over post-surgical mortality was 7%. A patient age greater than 70 years, post-surgical haemoperitoneum, gastroenteric dehiscence, and the presence of medical complications were post-surgical mortality risk factors in the multivariate analysis. Pancreatic fistula was not a factor associated with post-surgical mortality.

Conclusions

Cephalic duodenopancreatectomy is a safe technique but with a considerable morbidity. Patients over 70 years of age must be carefully selected before considering surgery. Serious medical complications must be treated aggressively to avoid an unfavourable progression.

Keywords:
Carcinoma of the pancreas
Pancreatic resection surgery
Resumen
Introducción

La duodenopancreatectomía cefálica (DPC) es el tratamiento de elección en el adenocarcinoma de cabeza de páncreas. Sin embargo, sigue presentando elevada morbilidad y mortalidad posquirúrgica.

El objetivo de este estudio es definir las variables que influyen en la morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatoria tras la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica por adenocarcinoma de páncreas (ADCP).

Material y métodos

Se han recogido prospectivamente las variables de los pacientes intervenidos entre 1991–2007, con el fin de investigar los factores asociados a una mayor morbilidad.

Resultados

Se han intervenido 204 pacientes por ADCP, de ellos 57 eran mayores de 70 años. Se han realizado 119 DPC, 11 con linfadenectomía extendida, 66 DPC con preservación pilórica y 8 con ampliación a pancreatectomía total por afectación del margen de sección. Treinta y cinco casos asociaron resección venosa portal o mesentérica. Se han detectado complicaciones postquirúrgicas en el 45% de casos, las más frecuentes: vaciado gástrico lento (20%), infección incisional (17%), fístula pancreática (10%), y complicaciones médicas graves (8%). El 13% fue reintervenido y la mortalidad postoperatoria global fue del 7%. La edad del paciente superior a 70 años, el hemoperitoneo postoperatorio, la dehiscencia gastroentérica, y la presencia de complicaciones médicas graves fueron factores de riesgo de mortalidad postquirúrgica en el estudio multivariante. La fístula pancreática no fue un factor relacionado con la mortalidad posquirúrgica.

Conclusiones

La duodenopancreatectomía cefálica es una técnica segura pero con morbilidad considerable. Los pacientes con edad superior a 70 años deben ser seleccionados cuidadosamente antes de intervenirlos. Las complicaciones médicas graves deben tratarse de forma agresiva para evitar una evolución desfavorable.

Palabras clave:
Adenocarcinoma páncreas
Cirugía resectiva páncreas
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