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Vol. 11. Núm. 37.
Páginas 33-65 (diciembre 2008)
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Vol. 11. Núm. 37.
Páginas 33-65 (diciembre 2008)
Open Access
Efectos de la Gestión de Calidad Total en la transformación en la Innovación Tecnológica y Administrativa
Total Quality Management Practices and Firm's Adoption of Technological and Administrative innovations
Visitas
5096
María Leticia Santos Vijande
, Luis Ignacio Álvarez González**
* Profesora Titular de Universidad. Área de Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Contabilidad. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad de Oviedo. Avda. del Cristo, s/n, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias. Teléfono: 98 510 28 23. Fax: 98 510 37 08
** Profesor Titular de Universidad. Área de Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Contabilidad. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad de Oviedo. Avda. del Cristo, s/n, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias. Teléfono: 98 510 49 78. Fax: 98 510 37 08
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Resumen

La gestión de las organizaciones de acuerdo con los principios de calidad total es un fenómeno extendido a nivel internacional por lo que el estudio de sus efectos sobre los resultados empresariales constituye un campo de investigación de gran actualidad. En este trabajo se analizan las consecuencias de las prácticas de calidad total, de acuerdo con los criterios establecidos por el Modelo de Excelencia Europeo (EFQM), en la cultura y actividad innovadora de las empresas. La actividad innovadora se estima en términos de la intensidad y novedad del esfuerzo innovador en los ámbitos administrativo y técnico. La disposición cultural a innovar, además de ser una consecuencia de la gestión de calidad total (GCT), interviene en el estudio como un antecedente adicional de la innovación. Los resultados obtenidos permiten cuestionar los argumentos contrarios a la capacidad de la GCT para estimular la innovación de carácter más radical y sugieren un papel relevante de esta alternativa estratégica de gestión como fuente de ventajas competitivas.

Palabras clave:
gestión de la calidad total
Modelo EFQM
cultura innovadora
innovación técnica
innovación administrativa
innovación radical
Abstract

Total quality management (TQM) is a management philosophy that is widespread among many organizations all over the world. Accordingly, the practical implications of TQM on firms’ performance are receiving an increasing attention from both practitioners and researchers. This paper presents an empirical study which examines the relationships between the implementation of TQM and both the firms’ cultural predisposition to innovate and the actual innovation effort undertaken from an administrative and technical perspective. The innovation effort is measured in terms of the intensity and newness of the innovations adopted; and the innovative culture, together with the quality practices, is also considered as an antecedent of the former. The research resorts to the European Foundation for Quality Management Excellence Model to conceptualise TQM in an attempt to provide empirical evidences referred to the main European standard. The findings indicate that TQM shows a strong predictive power against the innovative culture as well as a determinant role in the stimuli of both administrative and technical innovation. Therefore, the major implication of this study is that TQM is an appropriate resource to enhance organizational performance, particularly innovation.

Key words:
total quality management
EFQM Excellence Model
innovative culture
technical innovation
administrative innovation
radical innovation
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