covid
Buscar en
Endocrinología y Nutrición
Toda la web
Inicio Endocrinología y Nutrición Leptina e insulinoterapia en la diabetes gestacional
Información de la revista
Vol. 53. Núm. 10.
Páginas 582-586 (diciembre 2006)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 53. Núm. 10.
Páginas 582-586 (diciembre 2006)
Originales
Acceso a texto completo
Leptina e insulinoterapia en la diabetes gestacional
Leptin and insulin therapy in gestational diabetes
Visitas
5462
Diego Álvarez Ballano
, María Luisa Gracia Ruiz, Amaya Barragán Angulo, Concepción Zapata Adiego, Javier Acha Pérez, Jesús Playán Usón, Alejandro Sanz París, Ramón Albero Gamboa
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Introducción

Se han publicado varios trabajos que implican a la leptina (L) en diversos procesos metabólicos, entre ellos la diabetes gestacional (DG) y otras alteraciones del embarazo como la preeclampsia y el retraso de crecimiento intrauterino. Se ha observado que la concentración de L en plasma es superior en gestantes diabéticas que en gestantes sanas.

Objetivo

Valorar si la L puede ser un parámetro bioquímico de utilidad en pacientes con DG a la hora de predecir la necesidad de tratamiento insulínico desde el momento mismo del diagnóstico.

Pacientes y método

Cincuenta mujeres diagnosticadas de DG entre las semanas 28 y 32 con: media±desviación estándar de edad, 34,4±4,5 años; IMC, 25,4±2,14, y L, 48,5±16ng/ml. Fueron separadas en 2 grupos: uno con criterios de insulinización, formado por 24 pacientes, y otro que no precisó insulina, formado por 26. Los criterios de inclusion fueron: presentar un IMC > 22,5 y < 27, con determinación bioquímica entre las semanas 28 y 32.

Resultados

La L en plasma materno fue significativamente superior en el grupo que precisó insulina. No se apreciaron diferencias en la media de edad de las pacientes ni en su IMC. La odds ratio que predice la necesidad de insulina durante el embarazo fue de 6 en gestantes con L>40ng/ml.

Conclusiones

Con la cautela de precisar más estudios y con mayor número de pacientes, se puede indicar que la L es útil como parámetro bioquímico que nos ayude a predecir la necesidad de tratamiento insulínico en pacientes diagnosticadas de DG.

Palabras clave:
Leptina
Insulinoterapia
Diabetes mellitus gestacional
Introduction

Various studies have implicated leptin in several metabolic processes, among them gestational diabetes (GD) and other pregnancyassociated alterations such as preeclampsia and uterine growth retardation. Plasma leptin levels have been observed to be higher in diabetic pregnant women than in healthy pregnant women.

Objective

To evaluate whether leptin could be a useful biochemical marker in patients with GD to predict the need for insulin therapy at diagnosis.

Patients and method

Fifty women with a diagnosis of GD between 28 and 32 weeks of pregnancy [mean age, 34.4±4.5 years; body mass index (BMI), 25.4±2.14, and leptin level, 48.5±16ng/ml] were studied. The women were divided into two groups: one group was composed of 24 women with criteria for insulin therapy and the other group consisted of 26 women not requiring insulin therapy. The inclusion criteria were BMI greater than 22.5 and lower than 27 and biochemical determination between weeks 28 and 32.

Results

Maternal plasma leptin levels were significantly higher in the group requiring insulin. No differences were found in the mean age of the patients or in BMI. The odds ratio predicting the need for insulin therapy during pregnancy was 6 in pregnant women with a leptin level higher than 40ng/ml.

Conclusions

Leptin determination could be useful in predicting the need for insulin therapy in patients with GD. However, further studies with a larger number of patients are required to confirm our findings.

Key words:
Leptin
Insulin therapy
Gestational diabetes mellitus
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
J. Auwerx, B. Staels.
Leptin.
[2.]
H. Maasuzaki, Y. Ogawa, N. Sagawa.
Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: leptin as a novel placenta derived hormone in humans.
Nat Med, 3 (1997), pp. 1029-1033
[3.]
J. Lepercq, M. Cauzac, N. Lahlou, J. Timsit, J. Girard, J. Auwerx, et al.
Overexpression of placental leptin in diabetic pregnancy.
Diabetes, 47 (1998), pp. 847-850
[4.]
S.M. Smith-Kirwin, D.M. O’Connor, J. De Johnston, E.D. Lancey, S.G. Hassink, V.L. Funanage.
Leptin expression in human mammary epithelial cells and breast milk.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83 (1998), pp. 1810-1813
[5.]
M.K. Sinha.
Human leptin: the hormone of adipose tissue.
Eur J Endocrinol, 136 (1997), pp. 461-464
[6.]
M.G. Myers Jr, M.F. White.
The molecular basis of insulin action.
Endocrinology, 4.ª ed.,
[7.]
D. Spanswick, M.A. Smith, V. Groppi, S.D. Logan, M.L. Ashford.
Leptin inhibits hypothalamic neurons by activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Nature, 390 (1997), pp. 521-525
[8.]
J. Harvey, F. McKenna, P.S. Herson, D. Spanswick, M.L. Ashford.
Leptin activates ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the rat insulin-secreting line, CRI-G1.
J Physiol, 504 (1997), pp. 527-535
[9.]
B. Ahren, P.J. Havel.
Leptin inhibits insulin secretion induced by cellular cAMP in a pancreatic B cell line (INS-1 cells).
Am J Physiol, 277 (1999), pp. R959-R966
[10.]
J. Seufert, T.J. Kieffer, J.F. Habener.
Leptin suppression of insulin secretion by the activation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pancreatic beta-cells.
Diabetes, 46 (1997), pp. 1087-1093
[11.]
C.D. Russell, M.R. Ricci, R.E. Brolin, E. Magill, S.K. Fried.
Regulation of the leptin content of obese human adipose tissue.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 280 (2001), pp. E399-S404
[12.]
A. Minocci, G. Savia, R. Lucantoni, M.E. Berselli, M. Tagliaferri, G. Calo, et al.
Leptin plasma concentrations are dependent on body fat distribution in obese patients.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 24 (2000), pp. 1139-1144
[13.]
H. Shimizu, Y. Shimomura, R. Hayashi, K. Ohtani, N. Sato, T. Futawatari, et al.
Serum leptin concentration is associated with total body fat mass, but not abdominal fat distribution.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 21 (1997), pp. 536-541
[14.]
R.B. Ceddia, A.K. Heikki, J.R. Zierath, G. Sweeney.
Analysis of paradoxical observations on the association between leptin and insulin resistance.
FASEB J, 16 (2002), pp. 1163-1176
[15.]
S. Fischer, M. Hanefeld, S.M. Haffner, C. Fusch, U. Schwanebeck, C. Kohler, et al.
Insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have higher serum leptin levels independently of body fat mass.
Acta Diabetol, 39 (2002), pp. 105-110
[16.]
K. Walder, A. Filippis, S. Clark, P. Zimmer, G.R. Collier.
Leptin inhibits insulin binding in isolated rat adipocytes.
J Endocrinol, 155 (1997), pp. R5-R7
[17.]
J. Seufert.
Leptin effects on pancreatic beta-cell gene expression and function.
Diabetes, 53 (2004), pp. 152-158
[18.]
M. Lage, R.V. Garcia-Mayor, M.A. Tome, F. Cordido, F. Valle-Inclan, R.V. Considine, et al.
Serum leptin in women throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period and in women suffering spontaneous abortion.
Clin Endocrinol, 50 (1999), pp. 211-216
[19.]
L. Hardie, P. Trayhurn, D. Abramovich, P. Fowler.
Circulating leptin in women: a longitudinal study in the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy.
Clin Endocrinol, 47 (1997), pp. 101-106
[20.]
M.C. Henson, V.D. Castracane.
Leptin in pregnancy.
Biol Reprod, 63 (2000), pp. 1219-1228
[21.]
N.F. Butte, J.M. Hopkinson, K.J. Ellis, W.W. Wong, E.O. Smith.
Changes in fat-free mass and fat mass in postpartum women: a comparison of body composition models.
Intl J Obes Relat Metab Disorders, 21 (1997), pp. 874-880
[22.]
K. Linnemann, A. Malek, R. Sager, W.F. Blum, H. Schneider, C. Fusch.
Leptin: Roles and regulation in primate pregnancy.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 85 (2000), pp. 4298-4301
[23.]
L. Hardie, P. Trayhurn, D. Abramovich, P. Fowler.
Circulating leptin in women: a longitudinal study in the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy.
Clin Endocrinol, 47 (1997), pp. 101-106
[24.]
K. Linnemann, A. Malek, H. Schneider, C. Fusch.
Physiological and pathological regulation of feto/placento/maternal leptin expression.
Biochem Soc Transactions, 29 (2001),
[25.]
R.G. Lea, D. Howe, L.T. Hannah, O. Bonneau, L. Hunter, N. Hoggard.
Placental leptin in normal, diabetic and fetal growth-retarded pregnancies.
Mol Hum Reprod, 6 (2000), pp. 763-769
[26.]
A. Kautzky-Willer, G. Pacini, A. Tura, C. Bieglmayer, B. Schneider, B. Ludvik, et al.
Increased plasma leptin in gestational diabetes.
Diabetologia, 44 (2001), pp. 164-172
[27.]
M.W. Carpenter, D.R. Coustan.
Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 144 (1982), pp. 768-773
[28.]
B.E. Metzger, D.R. Coustan, the Organizing Committee.
Summary and recommendations of the Fourth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
Diabetes Care, 21 (1998), pp. B161-B167
[29.]
C. Qiu, M.A. Williams, S. Vadachkoria, I.O. Frederick, D.A. Luthy.
Increased maternal plasma leptin in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Obstet Gynecol, 103 (2004), pp. 519-525
[30.]
P. Zimmet, A. Hodge, M. Nicolson, M. Staten, M. De Courten, J. Moore, et al.
Serum leptin concentration, obesity, and insulin resistance in Western Samoans: cross sectional study.
BMJ, 313 (1996), pp. 965-969
[31.]
K.C. Huang, R.C. Lin, N. Kormas, L.T. Lee, C.Y. Chen, T.P. Gill, et al.
Plasma leptin is associated with insulin resistance independent of age, body mass index, fat mass, lipids, and pubertal development in nondiabetic adolescents.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 28 (2004), pp. 470-475
[32.]
A.Z. Zhao, K.E. Bornfeldt, J.A. Beavo.
Leptin inhibits insulin secretion by activation of phosphidiesterase 3B.
J Clin Invest, 102 (1998), pp. 869-873
[33.]
J. Seufert, T.J. Kieffer, C.A. Leech, G.G. Holz, W. Moritz, C. Ricordi, et al.
Leptin suppression of insulin secretion and gene expression in human pancreatic islets: implications for the development of adipogenic diabetes mellitus.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 84 (1999), pp. 670-676
[34.]
V. Poitout, C. Rouault, M. Guerre-Millo, I. Briaud, G. Reach.
Inhibition of insulin secretion by leptin in normal rodent islets of Langerhans.
Endocrinology, 139 (1998), pp. 822-826
[35.]
G. Di Cianni, R. Miccoli, L. Volpe, C. Lencionci, S. Del Prato.
Intermediate metabolism in normal pregnancy and in gestational diabetes.
Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 19 (2003), pp. 259-270
Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos