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Inicio Endoscopia Radiofrecuencia para esófago de Barrett: Revisión de la literatura
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Vol. 26. Núm. 1.
Páginas 26-33 (enero - marzo 2014)
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Vol. 26. Núm. 1.
Páginas 26-33 (enero - marzo 2014)
ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN
Open Access
Radiofrecuencia para esófago de Barrett: Revisión de la literatura
Barrett's esophagus radioablation: review
Visitas
4738
J. Farell-Rivasa,
Autor para correspondencia
jorgefarell@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia: Ladera N° 20, Int. 6, Colonia Lomas de Bezares, C.P. 11910. Tel.: +5259 1793, (04455) 5455 1481.
, J.A.M. Valencia-Romerob, J.C. Soto-Pérezc, C.J. Mata-Quinterod, M. Valdivia-Balbuenac, M. Díaz-Oyolac, V.J. Cuevas-Osorioa, O.J. Pineda-Olivoa, G.A. Chuc-Baezaa
a Cirugía General, Residencia de la Sub-especialidad de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, Servicio de Endoscopia, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, México D.F., México
b Jefatura del Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, México D.F., México
c Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, México D.F., México
d Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, México D.F., México
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen

La ablación por radiofrecuencia (RFA) es un tratamiento endoscópico de primera línea para el esófago de Barrett (eB) con displasia de alto grado (dAG) y el carcinoma intramucoso (IMC) con altas tasas de erradicación, baja recurrencia a 5 años (< 10%) y baja tasa de complicaciones. se desconocen resultados a largo plazo, pero a 5 años, se habla de una tasa de efectividad > 90% en general. Los pacientes con eB sin displasia o displasia leve no tendrían indicación hoy en día para manejo con RFA de acuerdo a las guías internacionales, sin embargo es probable que con la aparición de marcadores biológicos para progresión a cáncer, mayor experiencia y la adecuada identificación de factores de progresión a displasia, algunos de estos pacientes pueden verse beneficiados con la RFA, la realidad clínica es que en algunos centros y países, la RFA se realiza con relativa frecuencia en pacientes sin displasia.

La ablación circunferencial primaria se lleva a cabo utilizando un electrodo bipolar basado en un balón neumático, mientras que el tratamiento secundario de eB residual se lleva a cabo utilizando un electrodo bipolar montado en una plataforma articulada sobre la punta del endoscopio. Los estudios sugieren que esta técnica de ablación es altamente eficaz en la eliminación de la mucosa con Barrett y la displasia asociada, y reduce al mínimo los inconvenientes conocidos de la terapia fotodinámica y argón plasma, tales como estenosis esofágica y focos subescamosos de eB (“Barrett enterrado o subepitelial”).

Su aplicación de forma internacional tiene ya una experiencia mayor a 5 años, mientras que en México presenta escasos meses y poca experiencia.

Palabras clave:
Barrett
Radioablación
esófago
Tratamiento
México.
Abstract

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a first-line endoscopic therapy for Barrett's esophagus (Be) with high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma with high eradication rates, low recurrence at 5 years (< 10%) and low rate complications. Long-term results are unknown, but 5 years trials reports a success rate > 90% overall. Patients with Be without dysplasia or mild dysplasia would have no indication today for RFA according to international guidelines, however it is likely that the appearance of biomarkers for progression to cancer, more experience and proper identification of factors of progression to dysplasia, some of these patients may benefit with RFA, the clinical reality is that in some countries and endoscopic centers RFA is performed with relative frequency in patients without dysplasia.

Primary circumferential ablation is performed using a bipolar electrode based on a pneumatic balloon, while the secondary residual eB treatment is performed using a bipolar electrode mounted on a hinged platform on the endoscope tip. studies suggest that this ablation technique is highly effective in the removal of the mucosa and dysplasia in Barrett associated, and minimizes the disadvantages of known photodynamic therapy and argon plasma, such as esophageal stenosis and eB subescamosos foci (“subepithelial or buried Barrett”).

There is experience of more than 5 years in some countries, while in Mexico a few months and little experience is the reality.

Keywords:
Barrett
Radioablation
esophagus
Treatment
Mexico.
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Copyright © 2014. Asociación Mexicana de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal
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