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Vol. 26. Núm. S11.
Maraviroc, el primer antagonista de los receptores de VIH
Páginas 34-39 (octubre 2008)
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Vol. 26. Núm. S11.
Maraviroc, el primer antagonista de los receptores de VIH
Páginas 34-39 (octubre 2008)
Acceso a texto completo
¿En qué momento y con qué combinaciones debería indicarse maraviroc en el nuevo escenario del tratamiento antirretroviral?
At what time and with which combinations should maraviroc be indicated in the new antiretroviral treatment scenario?
Visitas
2109
Manuel Leala, Ángela Camachob, Miguel Genebatc, Antonio Riverob,
Autor para correspondencia
ariveror@gmail.com

Correspondencia: Jefe de Sección UGC Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía.
a Laboratorio de Inmunovirología. Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España
b Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía. Córdoba. España
c Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España
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Maraviroc es un antagonista selectivo y lentamente reversible del correceptor CCR5 que ha mostrado una potente actividad antiviral in vitro frente a un amplio rango de aislados clínicos del VIH, incluidas las cepas multirresistentes a las 4 clases de fármacos antirretrovirales preexistentes. Maraviroc es activo frente a poblaciones del VIH que sólo utilizan el correceptor CCR5 para entrar en la célula, y no ha demostrado actividad significativa en el tratamiento de poblaciones virales que utilizan el correceptor CXCR4. El mecanismo de acción de maraviroc, no competitivo con el de otros fármacos antirretrovirales, y la ausencia de resistencia cruzada con el resto de familias de éstos han propiciado que maraviroc sea un fármaco posicionado para uso en terapia antirretroviral de rescate. Sin embargo, la excelente tolerancia de maraviroc, comparable con la del placebo en los ensayos clínicos en fase 3, su seguridad y su favorable perfil de interacciones farmacológicas con otros fármacos comúnmente usados en pacientes infectados por el VIH con comorbilidades hacen vislumbrar otros escenarios en los que el uso de maraviroc podría ser de utilidad.

Palabras clave:
Maraviroc
Antagonistas CCR5
VIH
Tratamiento antirretroviral

Maraviroc is a selective and slowly reversible antagonist of the CCR5 co-receptor which has shown to have powerful antiviral activity, in vitro, against a wide range of HIV clinical isolates, including strains multi-resistant to 4 classes of pre-existing antiretroviral drugs. Maraviroc is active against HIV populations that only use the CCR5 coreceptor to enter the cell and has not demonstrated significant activity in the treatment of viral populations that use the CXCR4 co-receptor. The mechanism of action of maraviroc, non-competitive with other antiretroviral drugs, and the absence of crossed resistance with the rest of their families, has led to Maraviroc being a drug available for use in rescue antiretroviral treatment. However, the excellent tolerance of maraviroc compared to the placebo in phase III clinical trials, its safety and its favourable pharmacological interactions profile with other drugs commonly used in HIV infected patients with comorbidity brings to light other scenarios in which Maraviroc could be useful.

Key words:
Maraviroc
CCR5 antagonists
HIV
Antiretroviral treatment
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