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array:23 [ "pii" => "S1130862120303557" "issn" => "11308621" "doi" => "10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.06.015" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01" "aid" => "1585" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U.. All rights reserved" "copyrightAnyo" => "2020" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Enferm Clin. 2020;30 Supl 6:63-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1130862120303569" "issn" => "11308621" "doi" => "10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.06.016" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01" "aid" => "1586" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U." 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"documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Enferm Clin. 2020;30 Supl 6:59-62" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Analysis of integrated health referral systems in the era of regional autonomy in West Sulawesi" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "59" "paginaFinal" => "62" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1006 "Ancho" => 1341 "Tamanyo" => 98709 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Health facilities.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => " Marwayani, Veni Hadju, Idayanti Nursyamsi" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:1 [ "apellidos" => "Marwayani" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Veni" "apellidos" => "Hadju" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Idayanti" "apellidos" => "Nursyamsi" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1130862120303545?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/11308621/00000030000000S6/v1_202010100748/S1130862120303545/v1_202010100748/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:17 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Effectiveness of physical condition training on the fitness of drug abuse victims, BRSPP Yogyakarta" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "63" "paginaFinal" => "66" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Arifin Ika Nugroho, Pulung Riyanto, Jori Lahinda, Serli Hatul Hidayat" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Arifin Ika" "apellidos" => "Nugroho" "email" => array:2 [ 0 => "arifin@unmus.ac.id" 1 => "pmc@agri.unhas.ac.id" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Pulung" "apellidos" => "Riyanto" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jori" "apellidos" => "Lahinda" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Serli Hatul" "apellidos" => "Hidayat" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Musamus University, Merauke, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Drug abuse is a global issue that has a very negative impact on the progress of a nation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> As a floating country, Indonesia is also facing serious problems related to drug abuse, threatening Indonesia's progress in both the socio-economic and political fields. Based on the results of a national survey of the development of 2014 drug abuse published by the National Narcotics Agency, it can be shown that the number of victims of drug abuse is estimated at 3.8 million to 4.1 million people or around 2.10%–2.25% of the total the entire population of Indonesia in 2015. In the scenario of a possible increase, the amount of drug use will increase from 4.1 million in 2014 to 5.0 million in 2020. Thus, guidance on physical aspects can affect the technical, tactical and mental.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The problem of drug abuse is increasingly complex each year. Facts on the ground show that around 890<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kg of various types of drugs entered through Indonesian waters in 2015–2016. Based on government regulations that require victims of drug abuse to undergo medical rehabilitation, various forms of approaches are needed so that the process becomes more effective and efficient. In general, many efforts to overcome drug problems that are applied to rehabilitation centers in Indonesia include prevention, development to further the development of addicts. Learning resources as all sources, both learning resources that contain video images, etc., in essence, make it easier for readers to follow the process of training direction.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Based on the biopsychosocial point of view, actually, drug users can be classified as a ‘relapsing’ disease that requires lifelong recovery, so that in the world of addiction it does not recognize the word cured for drug addicts while existing is recovering.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After the ex-mecandu leaves the Rehabilitation Institution, continuous effort is needed to maintain and improve recovery outcomes. Some literature with the Rehabilitation Program which has many approaches shows success in helping addicts go through the recovery process, especially if they take part in the program as a whole.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are several facts in the field that show that the implementation of sports activities carried out regularly and comprehensively will have an impact on raising the levels of dopamine and serotine in the brain, so as to improve one's health and calm. Tests and measurements are an important science in order to support sports.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Sports require serious attention seriously and be taken seriously.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Improvement of performance in the field of sports is a very complex study in addition to required adequate facilities and infrastructure also needed support for sports science and technology.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Sports activities are also carried out so that there is an increase in heart rate so that the distribution of oxygen to the parts of the body that need it will increase, whereas in parts that lack oxygen need vasoconstriction.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Research that examines the potential for new interventions addressing alcohol prevention in the context of sports programs.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> The results of this study indicate that short exercise activities are carried out with the increased frequency of exercise regularly According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that exercise that is carried out correctly, measured, progressively and programmed really has a positive impact on the quality of health and life.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sports activities also influence the formation of values, leadership, motivation, and creativity, and can affect a person's life, because human life is influenced by physical, psychological and social. Sports activities are physical activities, which begin with the use of a muscle system. As a starting point, the muscle system starts sports activities with muscle contractions. Excessive muscle activity during exercise will stimulate the body's system to work more actively. Excessive muscle contraction requires the metabolic system to work to supply more energy sources for the continuation of muscle contractions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Physical activity also stimulates the cardiovascular system to provide oxygen and to distribute metabolic waste.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Simultaneously, the respiratory system as a place for exchanging substances involved in metabolism must increase its capacity. About good metabolism in the body, exercise and a healthy lifestyle play a role and can improve the positive flow in it for example in regulating cholesterol levels in the body.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regarding the explanation above, researchers are interested in providing a treatment program to exercise physical conditions for victims of drug abuse. In principle, regular exercise is a process of change in a better direction, namely improving: physical quality, functional ability of body equipment, and psychological quality of a person.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In order to realize this research, the researchers coordinated with “Yogyakarta Putra Pamardi Social Rehabilitation Center”, located in Karangmojo Hamlet, Purwomartani Village, Kalasan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Method</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Method applied in this study is quasi-experimental with a quantitative research approach to test the theory of the effect of exercise on the physical fitness of victims of drug abuse in the form of statistics. The experimental method is a research method that tests hypotheses in the form of a causal relationship through manipulating independent variables and testing changes caused by manipulation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> The quasi-experimental method used is the pre-test post-test one group design. pretest-posttest one group design is a study conducted twice namely before the experiment (pretest) and after the experiment (post-test) with one group of subjects, namely victims of drug abuse.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The population in this study were 16 victims of drug abuse who were undergoing rehabilitation at the Yogyakarta Pamardi Putra Social Rehabilitation Center, which was addressed in Karangmojo Hamlet, Purwomartani Village, Kalasan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The sampling used in this study was total sampling so that all drug abuse victims who were undergoing rehabilitation at the Yogyakarta Putra Pamardi Social Rehabilitation Center were made into the study sample. The duration of time needed in this study was 3 months consisting of pretest, treatment, and posttest.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The instrument used in this study was the Cooper test (12-min run) which is a form of test to measure a person's physical fitness level. In this test victims of drug abuse must run as fast as possible at a distance of 2.4 Km.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Analysis techniques used in analyzing data from Cooper's pretest and posttest (12-min run) were carried out by the dependent <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test with the statistical formula as follows:</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Description</span>:</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Md: mean of the pretest and posttest trials</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">d</span>: gain (pretest–posttest)</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Xd: deviation of each subject</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">-eachXd2: number of squares of deviation</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>: subject and stamp</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">db: determined by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>−<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Decision making that must be done is to compare the results of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> count with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> table. If the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> count is greater than <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> table, then there is an effect of exercise on the physical condition of the fitness of victims of drug abuse at the BRSPP Drug Rehabilitation and Social Services Center in Yogyakarta.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Result and discussion</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Exercise physical condition is a physical activity program specifically for victims of drug abuse at the BRSPP Drug Rehabilitation and Social Services Center in Yogyakarta. Physical activity materials contained in the exercise of physical conditions include the 3-month training program which varies from swimming cycling, koex yoga and supplemented with nutritious food soup, which is supervised by medical assistants.</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Before victims of drug abuse were given a physical exercise treatment program, first they had to measure their physical fitness in the form of a Cooper test (a 12-min run), then after the drug abuse victim was given treatment for 3 months then they were given the same test as the pretest. Here are descriptive pretest and posttest data statistics fitness victims of drug abuse in the Services and Rehabilitation Center in BRSPP DIY can see in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Summary results of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test analysis dependent on the pretest and posttest data of physical fitness victims of drug abuse the Center for Rehabilitation Services in BRSPP DIY presented in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> as follows.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>, it can be seen that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> count 11.008 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> table (0.05) (15) 2.131 with a significance value of p of 0.000. Therefore, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> count 11.008<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> table (0.05) (15) 2.131, and a significance value of 0.019<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.05, then this result shows that there is a significant difference, namely with an increase in fitness of 11.02%. Based on the description of the data, it can be concluded that the exercise of physical conditions has a positive and significant effect on improving the fitness of victims of drug abuse at the BRSPP Drug Rehabilitation and Social Services Center in Yogyakarta.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The success of the exercise test on the physical fitness condition of victims of drug abuse at the BRSPP Drug Service and Social Rehabilitation Center in Yogyakarta Special Region is also inseparable from the harmony of physical activity training activities with rehabilitation programs organized by various experts, practitioners/Addiction officers on duty.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Measuring the amount of air or oxygen in the lungs is called VO2max, people who have high VO2max can do more work before becoming tired, compared to people who have lower, healthier and higher VO2max physical health more oxygen can be processed by the body. Regular exercise training can take a lot of oxygen, which means better blood circulation and muscle cells will get more oxygen from capillary blood vessels. Thus people who have VO2max body physiological organs so that the capacity of these organs can be maintained properly.</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regular physical exercise is very important for ex-victims of drug abuse in order to maintain fitness and even slow down the aging process, where victims of drug abuse have a higher risk of premature aging than people who have never used drugs, regarding the medical benefits of exercise or physical activity carried out regularly, here are some benefits (l). The facts show that coronary heart disease occurs at least twice as often in people who are physically inactive compared to active people, from people who get coronary heart disease, people who are physically inactive tend to have more disease and the possibility of healing and continuity His life is also smaller (2). People who are physically active generally have lower blood pressure and are less likely to develop high blood pressure and indirectly reduce the risk of a heart attack (3). People who are physically active in activities have better lung function (4). People who are generally less likely to smoke have a risk of suffering from a smaller respiratory tract disorder. During the trial, there were changes that were experienced by victims of drug abuse as a result of exercising physical conditions, one of the most prominent being the increase in the performance of the cardiorespiratory (systemic) system, especially the effect on the oxygen transport system. Where we know that in oxygen transport systems, various components of the important elements involved include: circulation, respiration and network-level factors all working together for one purpose, namely to deliver oxygen to the muscles that are working. Thus the greatest change in cardiorespiratory endurance experienced by victims of drug abuse is in the heart and lungs.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The findings obtained from this research process are significant effects of physical condition training on the fitness level of victims of drug abuse at the BRSPP Drug Rehabilitation and Social Services Center in Yogyakarta. The evidence supporting this statement is that the results of processing statistical data are obtained, namely the value of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> count equal to 11.008 which is greater than <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> table 2.131 (11.008<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.131). The value of a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-count of 11.008 was obtained from the process of comparing the data on the pretest and posttest fitness of drug abuse victims with the dependent <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1396919" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1279998" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Method" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Result and discussion" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 7 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-11-08" "fechaAceptado" => "2020-06-02" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1279998" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Conditions" 1 => "Physical" 2 => "Fitness" 3 => "Drug" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study is to know the effect of physical condition training on victims of drug abuse at the Service Centre and Social Rehabilitation of Drugs, BRSPP Yogyakarta. The method applied in this study is quasi-experiment, which is a study by giving treatment to all available populations. The total subjects used in this study were 16 people who were undergoing drug abuse rehabilitation programs.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The data analysis technique used in this study is the dependent <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test, i.e. an analysis technique that attempts to compare physical fitness data before and after the subject was given physical training for three months.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant increase in physical fitness status after drug abuse victims are given a physical condition training program, which is proven by obtaining a calculated <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> value of 11.008 which is greater than <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> Table 2.131 (11.008> 2.131).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The conclusion of this study also proves that exercise in physical conditions has a very positive impact on the smooth rehabilitation of Rehabilitation of drug abuse.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference Hospital Administration (ICHA4). Full-text and the content of it is under responsibility of authors of the article.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Statistics \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pre-test \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Post-test \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23.5744 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26.1731 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Median \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23.3600 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25.8250 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mode \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20.01 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Std deviation \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.27118 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.35029 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Minimum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">15.32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">17.78 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Maximum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32.75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">35.66 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">377.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">418.77 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2397446.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Statistical descriptive pre-test and post-test.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Group \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Average \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="5" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-Test for equality of means</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> ht \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> tb \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sig \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Difference % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Pre-test \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23.5744 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.008</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.131</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.019</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.59875</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.02</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Post-test \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26.1731 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2397445.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-Test results of dependent data pre-test and post-test.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Drug abuse research trend investigation with text mining" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "L.-W. 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