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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T progenitors: From biology to clinics
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Vol. 144. Issue 5.
Pages 223-229 (March 2015)
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Vol. 144. Issue 5.
Pages 223-229 (March 2015)
Review
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T progenitors: From biology to clinics
Leucemia aguda linfoblástica de precursores T: de la biología a la clínica
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Eulàlia Genescàa,
Corresponding author
egenesca@carrerasresearch.org

Corresponding author.
, Jordi Riberaa, Josep-Maria Riberaa,b
a Grupo de Investigación en LAL, Instituto de Investigación contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Hematología Clínica, Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO)-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol (HGTP), Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Main recurrent chromosomal lesions in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia that define molecular subgroups.
Table 2. Other genes recurrently altered in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Table 3. Main prognosis-indicating biomarkers in the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Abstract

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children and the main cause of morbidity among childhood blood disorders. There are 2 subtypes according to the affected lymphoid progenitor: B-ALL and T-ALL. The T-ALL is the less common and, although historically was associated with poor prognosis in both adults and children, at present, treatment outcomes do not differ significantly between the 2 types of ALL. The T-ALL subtype is the most complex and heterogeneous at the genetic level and currently the one with less new therapeutic alternatives available. This trend is changing thanks to the remarkable progress upon understanding its biology. This review summarises the most recent and important biological findings in T-ALL and their possible therapeutic implications.

Keywords:
Acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia
Molecular markers
Biology
Treatment
Resumen

La leucemia aguda linfoblástica (LAL) es la neoplasia más frecuente en niños y la principal causa de morbilidad entre las alteraciones hemáticas infantiles. Existen 2 subtipos, según el progenitor linfoide afectado: LAL-B y LAL-T. La LAL-T es menos frecuente e históricamente se asociaba a mal pronóstico tanto en adultos como en niños, aunque en la actualidad los resultados del tratamiento no difieren significativamente entre ambos tipos de LAL. La LAL-T es el subtipo más complejo y heterogéneo a nivel genético y el que menos alternativas terapéuticas nuevas presenta en el momento actual. Esta tendencia está cambiando merced a los progresos notables que se están efectuando en el conocimiento de su biología. En esta revisión se resumen los hallazgos biológicos más importantes en la LAL-T efectuados en los últimos años y sus posibles implicaciones terapéuticas.

Palabras clave:
Leucemia aguda linfoblástica T
Marcadores moleculares
Biología
Tratamiento

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