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Asociación entre la contaminación ambiental y las agudizaciones de asma bronquial en Badalona (Barcelona), 2008-2016
Association between air pollution and asthma exacerbations in Badalona, Barcelona (Spain), 2008-2016
Carlos Martínez-Riveraa,b,d, Ignasi Garcia-Olivéa,b,c,d,
Autor para correspondencia
ignasi.g.olive@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Zoran Stojanovica,c,d, Joaquim Raduae,f,g,d, Juan Ruiz Manzanoa,b,c,d, Jorge Abad-Capaa,b,c,d
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España
b Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España
c Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Barcelona, España
d Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), Bunyola, Mallorca, España
e Department of Statistics, FIDMAG Research Unit, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
f Ciber de Salud Mental (CiberSam), Madrid, España
g Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Estocolmo, Suecia
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visitas a urgencias o ingresos por agudizaci&#243;n de asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46; En alguno de estos trabajos se objetiva que aumentos en la concentraci&#243;n de di&#243;xido de nitr&#243;geno &#40;NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41; se asocian a ingresos por asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; En otros estudios la hiperfrecuentaci&#243;n se asocia a las part&#237;culas de 2&#44;5 y 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; No obstante&#44; tambi&#233;n hay trabajos que no han encontrado asociaci&#243;n entre exacerbaciones de asma y contaminaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;7</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La asociaci&#243;n entre variables meteorol&#243;gicas y asma tambi&#233;n ha sido estudiada&#46; En este caso&#44; los datos son m&#225;s controvertidos&#46; Hay alg&#250;n estudio que demuestra asociaci&#243;n entre mortalidad cardiovascular y respiratoria con oscilaci&#243;n brusca de la temperatura<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46; Disponemos de estudios que demuestran asociaci&#243;n inversa entre temperatura y agudizaciones por asma&#44; as&#237; como positiva entre humedad y agudizaciones del asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;9</span></a>&#44; pero los resultados de otros trabajos no van en la misma l&#237;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#46; Menos investigados han sido otros factores ambientales&#44; como la presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#44; aunque alg&#250;n trabajo apunta a que una elevada presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica podr&#237;a asociarse a un incremento en las hospitalizaciones por asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue analizar la asociaci&#243;n entre el NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; di&#243;xido de azufre &#40;SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41; y mon&#243;xido de carbono &#40;CO&#41; y el n&#250;mero de visitas a urgencias y hospitalizaciones por agudizaci&#243;n del asma&#44; y analizar el impacto de esta posible asociaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Material y m&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Localizaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se trata de un estudio observacional y retrospectivo&#44; realizado en un hospital de Badalona&#44; una ciudad de la comarca del Barcelon&#233;s &#40;Barcelona&#44; Espa&#241;a&#41;&#46; Se encuentra al norte de Barcelona&#44; en la costa del mar Mediterr&#225;neo&#46; En 2015 la ciudad ten&#237;a 216&#46;085 habitantes&#46; El Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol es un hospital terciario con 600 camas&#46; Es adem&#225;s hospital de referencia para 700&#46;000 personas&#46; En 2015 hubo 28&#46;000 ingresos en este centro&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Definici&#243;n de caso</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se obtuvo el n&#250;mero de ingresos hospitalarios y de urgencias por agudizaci&#243;n de asma a trav&#233;s de la Unidad de Sistemas de Informaci&#243;n del centro&#46; Consideramos que fueron debidas a agudizaci&#243;n de asma bronquial aquellas hospitalizaciones y urgencias con los c&#243;digos de la Clasificaci&#243;n Internacional de Enfermedades 9 &#40;CIE-9&#41; 493&#46;02&#44; 493&#46;12&#44; 493&#46;22&#44; 493&#46;92 en el informe de alta&#44; entre el 1 de enero del 2008 y el 31 de diciembre del 2016&#44; independientemente de la edad de los pacientes&#46; No se tuvieron en cuenta otros diagn&#243;sticos ni de inclusi&#243;n ni de exclusi&#243;n&#46; As&#237;&#44; no se ha analizado&#44; por ejemplo&#44; cu&#225;ntos de los pacientes presentan otras comorbilidades respiratorias que pudieran interferir con nuestros resultados&#46; Los pacientes cuyo c&#243;digo postal no se correspond&#237;a con el &#225;rea de Badalona no fueron incluidos en el an&#225;lisis&#46; Para poder diferenciar entre crisis asm&#225;ticas que condicionaran una visita a urgencias y aquellas que condicionan una hospitalizaci&#243;n &#40;en principio&#44; m&#225;s graves&#41;&#44; en el caso de los episodios de urgencias que generaban un ingreso hospitalario&#44; solamente se tuvo en cuenta la hospitalizaci&#243;n&#44; no la visita a urgencias&#46; En el caso de las hospitalizaciones con episodio de urgencias previo se consider&#243; el d&#237;a del ingreso como el d&#237;a en que los pacientes hab&#237;an acudido a urgencias&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Obtenci&#243;n de datos ambientales</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Catalu&#241;a dispone de una red de estaciones controladas por el Departamento de Medio Ambiente de la Generalitat de Catalunya&#46; Nuestros datos se obtuvieron de una estaci&#243;n situada en el centro de Badalona &#40;<a id="intr0005" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://dtes.gencat.cat/icqa/">http&#58;&#47;&#47;dtes&#46;gencat&#46;cat&#47;icqa&#47;</a> &#91;consultado el 13 de mayo de 2017&#93;&#41;&#46; Se obtuvieron los valores diarios de SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y CO&#46; No se pudo disponer de datos diarios de part&#237;culas con un di&#225;metro aerodin&#225;mico medio de 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;m o menos &#40;PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">10</span>&#41;&#44; por lo que no se incluy&#243; esta variable en el an&#225;lisis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Obtenci&#243;n de datos clim&#225;ticos</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los valores diarios de temperatura media&#44; presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica y humedad relativa fueron proporcionados por la Agencia Catalana de Meteorolog&#237;a &#40;<a id="intr0010" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.meteo.cat/">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;meteo&#46;cat</a> &#91;consultado el 13 de febrero de 2016&#93;&#41;&#44; procedentes de una estaci&#243;n meteorol&#243;gica situada en el centro de la ciudad de Badalona&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">An&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se usaron regresiones de Poisson simples para estudiar los efectos de la temperatura&#44; humedad relativa&#44; presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#44; y los niveles de SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y CO sobre las hospitalizaciones y urgencias por crisis de asma&#46; Se analizaron los valores de las variables ambientales y de los contaminantes en el mismo d&#237;a&#44; el d&#237;a previo&#44; y hasta los 2&#44; 3 y 4 d&#237;as previos al d&#237;a de la consulta &#40;lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#46; Para corregir por las m&#250;ltiples comparaciones &#40;hab&#237;a 6 variables independientes<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">&#215;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 eventos &#91;urgencias y hospitalizaciones&#93;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">&#215;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5 lags temporales<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60 regresiones de Poisson&#41;&#44; aplicamos una t&#233;cnica de permutaci&#243;n&#46; M&#225;s concretamente&#44; simulamos 5&#46;000 estudios en los que no hab&#237;a ninguna asociaci&#243;n entre las variables independientes y los eventos&#44; y en cada uno de estos estudios simulados repetimos las 60 regresiones de Poisson y guardamos el m&#225;ximo de los 60 valores-z&#46; Finalmente&#44; creamos la distribuci&#243;n de estos m&#225;ximos valores-z&#44; que nos indic&#243; la probabilidad de que una o m&#225;s de las 60 regresiones fuese significativa solo por azar &#40;es decir&#44; el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">familywise error rate</span>&#41;&#46; Por ejemplo&#44; en solo un 4&#37; de los estudios simulados el m&#225;ximo de los valores-z alcanz&#243; un valor de 9&#44;2&#44; por lo que si hubi&#233;ramos usado este valor como umbral&#44; &#250;nicamente hubiera habido un 4&#37; de probabilidad de que el m&#225;ximo valor-z fuese mayor de 9&#44;2 solo por azar&#46; O dicho en otras palabras&#44; solamente hubiera habido un 4&#37; de probabilidad de que una o m&#225;s de las 60 regresiones fuesen estad&#237;sticamente significativas solo por azar&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para poder cuantificar el impacto de estos contaminantes&#44; estimamos la fracci&#243;n atribuible &#40;es decir&#44; el riesgo de enfermedad que se debe exclusivamente a la exposici&#243;n al factor de riesgo&#41; como el porcentaje de casos que se hubieran evitado si la incidencia media en el 50&#37; de d&#237;as con m&#225;s contaminaci&#243;n hubiera sido igual a la incidencia media en el 50&#37; de d&#237;as con menos contaminaci&#243;n&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No se ha ajustado los datos por ninguna otra variable &#40;como estacionalidad&#44; actividad de la gripe&#44; p&#243;lenes&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Aspectos &#233;ticos</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El protocolo del estudio fue aprobado por el Comit&#233; de &#201;tica en la Investigaci&#243;n Cl&#237;nica del Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Resultados</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> describe los valores de las variables ambientales y meteorol&#243;gicas&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> muestra la evoluci&#243;n de las agudizaciones y las variables analizadas a lo largo de los meses&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a> muestra la diferencia entre los valores de las variables los d&#237;as con alg&#250;n evento &#40;urgencia u hospitalizaci&#243;n&#41; comparado con los d&#237;as sin ning&#250;n evento&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Hospitalizaciones por asma</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hubo 1&#46;961 hospitalizaciones durante el periodo estudiado &#40;1&#46;274 mujeres&#59; edad media&#58; 38&#44;1 a&#241;os&#41;&#46; Los resultados de las regresiones de Poisson para las hospitalizaciones por asma se pueden observar en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#46; El n&#250;mero de hospitalizaciones se asoci&#243; con la baja temperatura para lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0 &#40;riesgo relativo &#91;RR&#93;&#58; 0&#44;961&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;962&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;960&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;960&#41; y lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;958&#41;&#46; El n&#250;mero de hospitalizaciones se asoci&#243; con los incrementos en los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> para lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;010&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;009&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;009&#41; y lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;008&#41; y con los incrementos de presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica para lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;019&#41; y lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;020&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Visitas a urgencias</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hubo 2&#46;431 visitas a urgencias por agudizaci&#243;n de asma durante el periodo de tiempo analizado &#40;1&#46;315 mujeres&#59; edad media&#58; 27&#44;9 a&#241;os&#41;&#46; Los resultados de las regresiones de Poisson para las visitas a urgencias se muestran en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#46; El n&#250;mero de urgencias se asoci&#243; con la baja temperatura para lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;970&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;969&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;970&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;966&#41; y lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 &#40;RR&#58; 0&#44;964&#41;&#46; El n&#250;mero de urgencias se asoci&#243; con los incrementos en los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> para lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;010&#41;&#44; lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;010&#41; y lag<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 &#40;RR&#58; 1&#44;008&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En este estudio&#44; se observa un incremento en el n&#250;mero de urgencias por exacerbaci&#243;n de asma con la disminuci&#243;n de la temperatura ambiental y con el incremento en los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#46; En el caso de las hospitalizaciones&#44; estas tambi&#233;n se incrementaron con los descensos de temperatura&#44; y con niveles m&#225;s elevados de presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica y NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#46; No encontramos ninguna relaci&#243;n con niveles de SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; CO o la humedad relativa&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estos hallazgos se encuentran en la l&#237;nea de diversos trabajos como el de Altzibar et al&#46;&#44; quienes obtuvieron un incremento de las exacerbaciones por asma con el aumento de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; CO&#44; la actividad del virus de la gripe&#44; y con los descensos de la temperatura ambiental<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#46; Hajat et al&#46;&#44; en un estudio realizado en Londres&#44; encontraron relaci&#243;n entre consultas por asma y niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; CO&#44; PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">10</span> entre la poblaci&#243;n infantil&#46; En adultos&#44; esta asociaci&#243;n solo se pudo objetivar en el caso del PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">10</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Un metaan&#225;lisis de Zheng et al&#46; que incluy&#243; 87 estudios&#44; 21 de ellos en adultos&#44; concluy&#243; que un aumento de 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;g de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> significaba un RR de 1&#44;018 de tener una exacerbaci&#243;n del asma&#46; Este riesgo aumentaba en ni&#241;os y ancianos&#44; de sexo masculino&#44; y en estaciones templadas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46; Otro metaan&#225;lisis posterior mostr&#243; un RR de 1&#44;024 por cada aumento de 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#956;g de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recientemente&#44; Tian et al&#46; observaron en un estudio amplio en Beijing que las consultas por asma aumentaban claramente en relaci&#243;n con la exposici&#243;n a PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2&#46;5</span>&#46; A diferencia de otros trabajos anteriores&#44; no solamente se incluyeron urgencias u hospitalizaciones&#44; sino tambi&#233;n consultas ambulatorias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; Otros estudios confirman datos similares tambi&#233;n en el caso de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr&#243;nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> en las ciudades procede fundamentalmente de la combusti&#243;n de combustibles f&#243;siles<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#46; Se ha relacionado los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> con una mayor incidencia de asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#46; El NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> se ha demostrado que aumenta la hiperrespuesta bronquial en individuos con asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&#44; aunque en otros estudios no se confirma el hallazgo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#44; y no parece haber una explicaci&#243;n biol&#243;gica plausible para esta discrepancia&#46; Los efectos del NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> se han atribuido a que facilita la peroxidaci&#243;n lip&#237;dica de las membranas celulares y la generaci&#243;n de varios radicales libres que empeorar&#225;n la estructura y la funci&#243;n de las v&#237;as a&#233;reas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#46; El NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> tambi&#233;n puede facilitar la liberaci&#243;n de mediadores inflamatorios como la interleucina 8 &#40;IL-8&#41; o el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor</span> &#40;GMCSF&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro trabajo objetivamos relaci&#243;n entre disminuci&#243;n de temperatura y exacerbaciones de asma&#46; Es un hallazgo encontrado en otros trabajos&#44; en los que se objetivan m&#225;s visitas a urgencias o ingresos hospitalarios en invierno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a>&#46; Otros autores evaluaron el efecto directo de la temperatura a corto t&#233;rmino y tambi&#233;n demostraron que la temperatura baja incid&#237;a en m&#225;s exacerbaciones de asma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;24</span></a>&#46; As&#237;&#44; Abe et al&#46; evaluaron durante un a&#241;o 6&#46;447 visitas a urgencias por agudizaci&#243;n del asma y vieron que &#8212;al margen de la contaminaci&#243;n&#8212; a medida que la temperatura descend&#237;a&#44; se produc&#237;an m&#225;s asistencias a urgencias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; En nuestro caso se da un resultado similar&#44; pero de manera persistente a lo largo de 8 a&#241;os&#44; tambi&#233;n para ingresos&#44; y desde el primer d&#237;a y hasta 4 d&#237;as despu&#233;s&#46; La reducci&#243;n en la temperatura ambiental coincide con las epidemias de gripe&#44; en oto&#241;o&#47;invierno<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#46; Sabemos que cuando disminuye la temperatura puede haber un aumento de infecciones v&#237;ricas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#44; que suelen tener el pico en la misma &#233;poca &#40;oto&#241;o&#47;invierno&#41;&#46; Se habla de que el enfriamiento de las v&#237;as nasales produce una inhibici&#243;n de las defensas respiratorias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; Por lo tanto&#44; aunque no se recogieron datos relativos a infecciones virales&#44; podemos deducir por dichos estudios que hay una relaci&#243;n directa entre ambas variables&#46; Sin embargo&#44; tambi&#233;n podr&#237;a haber relaci&#243;n entre temperatura y agudizaciones de asma independiente de las infecciones virales&#59; sabemos que la disminuci&#243;n de la temperatura aumenta la inflamaci&#243;n de la v&#237;a a&#233;rea y puede causar broncoconstricci&#243;n e hipersecreci&#243;n mucosa&#44; como se demostr&#243; in vitro en c&#233;lulas epiteliales bronquiales humanas&#44; lo que se atribuy&#243; a un mecanismo mediado por el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">transient receptor potential mealsatin 8</span> &#40;TRPM8&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Encontramos que el NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y la baja temperatura eran factores asociados a m&#225;s exacerbaciones e ingresos&#44; lo cual obliga a pensar en la posible interacci&#243;n entre contaminaci&#243;n y condiciones clim&#225;ticas&#46; En este sentido se ha podido demostrar que las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas pueden condicionar el nivel de contaminaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#44; lo que podr&#237;a explicar en parte nuestro hallazgo&#46; En la misma l&#237;nea se ha demostrado que altas presiones atmosf&#233;ricas pueden empeorar la calidad del aire<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En relaci&#243;n con la asociaci&#243;n entre altas presiones barom&#233;tricas y hospitalizaciones por asma&#44; este es un hallazgo encontrado por diversos autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#44;30</span></a>&#46; As&#237;&#44; Ehara et al&#46;&#44; en una poblaci&#243;n pedi&#225;trica que acud&#237;a por agudizaci&#243;n del asma a un servicio de urgencias&#44; observaron relaci&#243;n entre n&#250;mero de agudizaciones y presi&#243;n barom&#233;trica alta y humedad relativa baja<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nuestro trabajo contiene varias fortalezas&#46; En primer lugar&#44; se trata de un trabajo con un seguimiento prolongado&#46; Se obtuvieron datos diarios de las variables clim&#225;ticas y de contaminaci&#243;n&#44; as&#237; como del n&#250;mero de eventos &#40;urgencias y hospitalizaciones&#41;&#46; En segundo lugar&#44; se tiene en cuenta el posible tiempo de latencia entre el cambio de la variable ambiental y la aparici&#243;n del efecto&#46; En tercer lugar&#44; se ha obtenido un n&#250;mero destacable de eventos&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La principal limitaci&#243;n se basa en el hecho de ser un trabajo observacional&#44; por lo que los resultados se deben interpretar a nivel poblacional&#44; y no se deber&#237;an interpretar como asociaciones causales&#46; Segundo&#44; la definici&#243;n de evento &#40;exacerbaci&#243;n de asma&#41; se basa en la codificaci&#243;n de los informes de alta&#46; Esto podr&#237;a implicar problemas de fiabilidad a la hora de la codificaci&#243;n&#46; En tercer lugar&#44; se trata de un estudio realizado en un solo centro&#44; por lo que los resultados deben ser tomados con cautela a la hora de extrapolarlos a otras zonas geogr&#225;ficas&#46; Otra limitaci&#243;n ser&#237;a que no pudimos valorar el ozono &#40;O<span class="elsevierStyleInf">3</span>&#41;&#44; las PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">10</span> y PM<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2&#46;5</span> puesto que estas sustancias se recogen en la estaci&#243;n utilizada para la obtenci&#243;n de los datos&#44; y estos no se recogen diariamente&#46; Por otro lado&#44; tampoco valoramos la influencia de los p&#243;lenes en las exacerbaciones de asma&#44; que podr&#237;a tener un papel confusor significativo&#46; No recogimos datos de p&#243;lenes porque entre las estaciones de medici&#243;n dispuestas en el territorio metropolitano de Barcelona no encontramos ninguna cercana al &#225;rea geogr&#225;fica analizada en nuestro estudio&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; siempre es dif&#237;cil valorar el nivel de exposici&#243;n de los pacientes en un estudio observacional&#46; Nosotros hemos excluido los pacientes cuyo c&#243;digo postal no se corresponde con la ciudad de Badalona&#44; pero no podemos saber cu&#225;ntas horas de exposici&#243;n han presentado en realidad&#44; ni el grado de exposici&#243;n que presentan en el domicilio a otros agentes como ser&#237;an el humo del tabaco u otros posibles confundidores no analizados en el presente estudio&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; encontramos asociaci&#243;n significativa entre exacerbaciones del asma y aumento de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; disminuci&#243;n de la temperatura&#44; y presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica en la zona de Badalona&#46; Esta informaci&#243;n podr&#237;a ser &#250;til de cara a establecer recomendaciones a los pacientes con asma bronquial en las &#233;pocas con mayores niveles de contaminaci&#243;n ambiental&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Autor&#237;a</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dise&#241;o del estudio&#58; IGO&#44; CMR&#44; JRM&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recogida de datos&#58; IGO&#44; ZS&#44; CMR&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico&#58; JR&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Escritura del manuscrito&#58; CMR&#44; IGO&#44; ZS&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lectura cr&#237;tica del manuscrito&#58; IGO&#44; ZS&#44; JR&#44; CMR&#44; JRM&#44; JAC&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores no tienen ninguna relaci&#243;n personal o econ&#243;mica con personas u organizaciones que pudieran influir de forma inapropiada en el presente trabajo&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Abstract"
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              "titulo" => "Definici&#243;n de caso"
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              "titulo" => "Obtenci&#243;n de datos ambientales"
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              "titulo" => "Hospitalizaciones por asma"
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    "fechaAceptado" => "2018-06-21"
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            2 => "Contaminaci&#243;n"
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            0 => "Asthma"
            1 => "Exacerbation"
            2 => "Pollution"
            3 => "Nitrogen dioxide"
            4 => "NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>"
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introducci&#243;n y objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La relaci&#243;n entre la contaminaci&#243;n ambiental y las enfermedades respiratorias ha sido ampliamente descrita&#44; pero existen menos trabajos referentes a la contaminaci&#243;n y asma en nuestro medio&#46; El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el efecto de la contaminaci&#243;n ambiental sobre las agudizaciones de asma&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se trata de un estudio observacional&#46; Se incluyeron en el an&#225;lisis los ingresos hospitalarios diarios y las consultas a urgencias diarias en el Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol &#40;Badalona&#44; Barcelona&#41; entre 2008 y 2016 de aquellos pacientes con diagn&#243;stico de asma agudizada&#46; Se obtuvieron los valores diarios de temperatura&#44; humedad relativa&#44; presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica y los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y CO&#46; Mediante regresi&#243;n de Poisson simple se estudi&#243; la asociaci&#243;n entre estos factores y el n&#250;mero de hospitalizaciones y urgencias mediante regresiones simples para el mismo d&#237;a y para entre uno y 4 d&#237;as m&#225;s tarde &#40;lags 0 a 4&#41;&#46; Se corrigi&#243; el efecto de las m&#250;ltiples comparaciones&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se asociaron con un incremento en las hospitalizaciones por asma la baja temperatura &#40;lags 0 a 4&#41; y los incrementos en los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;lags 0&#44; 1&#44; 2 y 4&#41; y presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica &#40;lags 2 y 3&#41;&#46; Al analizar las urgencias&#44; estas se asociaron con la baja temperatura &#40;lags 0&#44; 1&#44; 2&#44; 3 y 4&#41; y los incrementos en los niveles de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;lags 2&#44; 3 y 4&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La baja temperatura y la elevada concentraci&#243;n ambiental de NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> se asocian con un incremento en las consultas a urgencias y hospitalizaciones por agudizaci&#243;n de asma bronquial&#46;</p></span>"
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            "titulo" => "Material y m&#233;todos"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introduction and objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Air pollution has been widely associated with respiratory diseases&#46; Nevertheless&#44; association between air pollution and exacerbations of asthma in our area has been less studied&#46; To analyse the effect of air pollution on exacerbations of asthma in Badalona&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was an observational study conducted in Badalona&#46; The number of daily hospital admissions and accident and emergency visits related to exacerbation of asthma between 2008 and 2016 was obtained&#46; We used simple Poisson regressions to test the effects of daily mean temperature&#44; atmospheric pressure&#44; relative humidity&#44; and NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and CO levels on asthma-related emergencies and hospitalisations the same day and 1-4 days after&#46; All p-values were corrected for multiple comparisons&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The number of hospitalisations was associated with low temperature &#40;lags 0 to 4&#41; and higher levels of NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;lags 0&#44; 1&#44; 2 and 4&#41; and atmospheric pressure &#40;lags 2 and 3&#41;&#46; The number of accident and emergency visits was associated with low temperature &#40;lags 0 to 4&#41; and higher levels of NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;lags 2&#44; 3 and 4&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The number of accident and emergency visits and hospitalisations for exacerbation of asthma is associated with higher levels of NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and with lower temperatures&#46;</p></span>"
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evoluci&#243;n de los valores mensuales medios de las agudizaciones y las variables analizadas&#46; El eje horizontal representa los meses del a&#241;o&#44; y el eje vertical&#44; el valor de la variable analizada&#46; La l&#237;nea vertical discontinua marca el rango entre los valores m&#225;ximo y m&#237;nimo para cada variable en un mes concreto&#46; CO&#58; mon&#243;xido de carbono&#59; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de nitr&#243;geno&#59; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de azufre&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;011&#44;6 &#40;1&#46;077&#44;5-1&#46;015&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;&#956;g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">39&#44;8 &#40;15&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">38&#44;8 &#40;28&#44;2-50&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">CO &#40;&#956;g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;32 &#40;0&#44;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;29 &#40;0&#44;23-0&#44;37&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2010599.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de los valores diarios de las variables ambientales y meteorol&#243;gicas durante el periodo estudiado &#40;2008-2016&#41;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at2"
            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CO&#58; mon&#243;xido de carbono&#59; DE&#59; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#59; mb&#58; milibares&#59; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de nitr&#243;geno&#59; RIC&#58; rango intercuart&#237;lico&#59; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de azufre&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Urgencia&#47;Hospitalizaci&#243;n</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Presente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Ausente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Temperatura &#40;&#176;C&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">19&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">20&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Humedad relativa &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">67&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">68&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;023&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica &#40;mb&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;011&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;011&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;093&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;&#956;g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#40;&#956;g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">CO &#40;&#956;g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;32&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;360&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2010598.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diferencia entre los valores de las variables los d&#237;as con alg&#250;n evento &#40;urgencia u hospitalizaci&#243;n&#41; comparado con los d&#237;as sin ning&#250;n evento durante el periodo estudiado &#40;2008-2016&#41;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CO&#58; mon&#243;xido de carbono&#59; FA&#58; fracci&#243;n atribuible&#59; HR&#58; humedad relativa&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; intervalo de confianza al 95&#37;&#59; NA&#58; no aplicable&#59; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de nitr&#243;geno&#59; PA&#58; presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#59; RR&#58; riesgo relativo&#59; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de azufre&#59; T&#58; temperatura&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IC95&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 0</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9615&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9612-0&#44;9617&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9936&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9935-0&#44;9936&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;863&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0124&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0123-1&#44;0124&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;479&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0507&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0497-1&#44;0517&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;250&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;75&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0100-1&#44;0101&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">17&#44;26&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;2277&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;3217-1&#44;1404&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 1</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9621&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9618-0&#44;9623&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9953&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9952-0&#44;9953&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;999&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0136&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0135-1&#44;0137&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;305&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0324&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0318-1&#44;0331&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;975&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;74&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0087&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0087-1&#44;0087&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;020&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;02&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;2703&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;1665-1&#44;3835&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;69&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 2</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9600&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9597-0&#44;9602&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9956&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9956-0&#44;9956&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0190&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0189-1&#44;0191&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;028&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0215&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0211-1&#44;0220&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;55&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0094&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0094-1&#44;0094&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;40&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;5874&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;3686-1&#44;8412&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;994&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15&#44;48&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 3</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9602&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9599-0&#44;9605&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9936&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9936-0&#44;9937&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;880&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0196&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0195-1&#44;0197&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;022&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0255&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0250-1&#44;0260&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;97&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0076&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0076-1&#44;0076&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;052&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;57&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;4222&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;2622-1&#44;6024&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">16&#44;04&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 4</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9585&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9582-0&#44;9588&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9913&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9913-0&#44;9913&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;302&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0158&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0157-1&#44;0159&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;112&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0247&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0242-1&#44;0252&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&#44;16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0077&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0077-1&#44;0077&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;048&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;20&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;4600&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;2863-1&#44;6573&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;39&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05 despu&#233;s de corregir para comparaciones m&#250;ltiples&#46;</p>"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asociaci&#243;n entre las variables ambientales y el n&#250;mero de hospitalizaciones por agudizaci&#243;n de asma bronquial</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
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            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CO&#58; mon&#243;xido de carbono&#59; FA&#58; fracci&#243;n atribuible&#59; HR&#58; humedad relativa&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; intervalo de confianza al 95&#37;&#59; NA&#58; no aplicable&#59; NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de nitr&#243;geno&#59; PA&#58; presi&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#59; RR&#58; riesgo relativo&#59; SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; di&#243;xido de azufre&#59; T&#58; temperatura&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IC95&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">FA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 0</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9676&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9674-0&#44;9679&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9925&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9925-0&#44;9926&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;730&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0095-1&#44;0096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;957&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0265&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0259-1&#44;0271&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;31&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0065&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0065-1&#44;0065&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;262&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;21&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;7745&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;4840-2&#44;1219&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;854&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;33&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 1</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9693&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9691-0&#44;9696&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9916&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9915-0&#44;9916&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;493&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0112&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0112-1&#44;0113&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;784&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0302&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0295-1&#44;0308&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;997&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&#44;32&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0077&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0077-1&#44;0077&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;079&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&#44;93&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;5638&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;3475-1&#44;8148&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;999&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#44;73&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 2</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9706&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9704-0&#44;9708&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9910&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9910-0&#44;9910&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;355&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0117&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0116-1&#44;0118&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;718&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0387&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0379-1&#44;0396&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;874&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&#44;72&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0090&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0090-1&#44;0090&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;024&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&#44;85&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CO&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;7369&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;4594-2&#44;0671&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;906&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&#44;73&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lag 3</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>T&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9665&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9662-0&#44;9667&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;006&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9908&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;9908-0&#44;9909&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;318&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0115&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0114-1&#44;0116&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;749&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0310&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0303-1&#44;0317&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;994&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0101&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;0100-1&#44;0101&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&#44;010&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;20&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&#44;63&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asociaci&#243;n entre las variables ambientales y el n&#250;mero de visitas a urgencias por agudizaci&#243;n de asma bronquial</p>"
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        0 => array:2 [
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0155"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Gu&#237;a espa&#241;ola para el manejo del asma &#40;GEMA&#41; 4&#46;2&#46; GEMA&#59; 2017&#46; &#91;Consultado 2 feb 2018&#93;&#46; Disponible en&#58; <a id="intr0015" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.gemasma.com/">www&#46;gemasma&#46;com</a>"
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            1 => array:3 [
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Acute exacerbations of asthma&#58; epidemiology&#44; biology and the exacerbation-prone phenotype"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "R&#46;H&#46; Dougherty"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
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                      "Revista" => array:6 [
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                          "etal" => false
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                  ]
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            ]
            3 => array:3 [
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
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                            1 => "A&#46; Haines"
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                      ]
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              "identificador" => "bib0175"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fine particulate air pollution and hospital visits for asthma in Beijing&#44; China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Tian"
                            1 => "X&#46; Xiang"
                            2 => "J&#46; Juan"
                            3 => "K&#46; Sun"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Environ Pollut&#46;"
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                        "volumen" => "230"
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            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0180"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The relationship of short-term air pollution and weather to ED visits for asthma in Japan"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Abe"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Tokuda"
                            2 => "S&#46; Ohde"
                            3 => "S&#46; Ishimatsu"
                            4 => "T&#46; Nakamura"
                            5 => "R&#46;B&#46; Birrer"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Emerg Med&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "27"
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                        "paginaFinal" => "159"
                      ]
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                  ]
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            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0185"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Emergency department visits for asthma exacerbation due to weather conditions and air pollution in Chuncheon Korea&#58; a case-crossover analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;W&#46; Kwon"
                            1 => "Y&#46;J&#46; Han"
                            2 => "O&#46;M&#46; Kyung"
                            3 => "C&#46;Y&#46; Lee"
                            4 => "J&#46;Y&#46; Kim"
                            5 => "E&#46;J&#46; Kim"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Allergy Asthma Immunol Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "5"
                        "paginaFinal" => "521"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
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            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0190"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The effect of weather on respiratory and cardiovascular deaths in 12 U&#46;S&#46; cities"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "A&#46;L&#46; Braga"
                            1 => "A&#46; Zanobetti"
                            2 => "J&#46; Schwartz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Environ Health Perspect&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "110"
                        "paginaInicial" => "859"
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                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0195"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Adult asthma exacerbations and environmental triggers&#58; a retrospective review of ED visits using an electronic medical record"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "L&#46; May"
                            1 => "M&#46; Carim"
                            2 => "K&#46; Yadav"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Emerg Med&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1074"
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                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
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            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0200"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Acute asthma epidemics weather pollen in England&#44; 1987-1994"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Newson"
                            1 => "D&#46; Strachan"
                            2 => "E&#46; Archibald"
                            3 => "J&#46; Emberlin"
                            4 => "P&#46; Hardaker"
                            5 => "C&#46; Collier"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "694"
                        "paginaFinal" => "701"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0205"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Are high barometric pressure&#44; low humidity and diurnal change of temperature related to the onset of asthmatic symptoms&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
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ISSN: 00257753
Idioma original: Español
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