Información del artículo
Abstract
Introduction
Apathy is a behavioural syndrome due to dysfunction of the process that gives rise to actions induced by external or personal stimuli. Apathy is very common in Parkinson's disease, with a prevalence that ranges between 16–48%. Three subtypes of apathy are currently accepted, which are anatomically and functionally different: cognitive, emotional and due to a deficit in auto-activation. Each of these subtypes is involved to a variable degree in the apathy of Parkinson's disease. The diagnosis is supported by clinical, diagnostic and neuropsychological tests. The evaluation of the apathy must be done simultaneously along with with depression cognitive deficit.
ConclusionsApathy has become a very important symptom to bear in mind in Parkinson's disease patients as it has significant repercussions on the quality of life of the patient. It is very important to do a differential diagnosis with the depression and the cognitive deficit since the therapeutic approach is different. Specific scales to measure this symptom should be included in the evaluation protocols of cognitive function in Parkinson's disease.
Keywords:
Apathy
Parkinson's disease
Striatum
LARS scale
Negative symptoms
Resumen
Introducción
La apatía es un síndrome comportamental por disfunción del proceso que origina los actos inducidos por estímulos externos o los propios. Es muy frecuente en la enfermedad de Parkinson, con una prevalencia que oscila en el 16–48%. Actualmente se aceptan tres subtipos diferentes de apatía con un correlato anatómico-funcional distintoen cado uno de los casos: cognitiva, emocional y por déficit en la autoactivación. Cada uno de estos subtipos está implicado en un grado variable en la apatía de la enfermedad de Parkinson. El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico apoyado en escalas neuropsicológicas. La evaluación de la apatía debe hacerse simultáneamente con la de la depresión y el deterioro cognitivo.
ConclusionesLa apatía es un síntoma muy importante y de reciente consideración a tener muy en cuenta en los pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson por la repercusión en la calidad de vida del paciente. Es importante el diagnóstico diferencial con la depresión y el deterioro cognitivo, pues el abordaje terapéutico es diferente. Para ello es necesario incluir en los protocolos de exploración escalas específicas para valorar este síntoma.
Palabras clave:
Apatía
Enfermedad de Parkinson
Estriado
Escala LARS
Síntomas negativos
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