metricas
covid
Buscar en
Neurología (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Neurología (English Edition) PICOGEN: Five years experience with a genetic counselling program for dementia
Información de la revista
Vol. 26. Núm. 3.
Páginas 143-149 (enero 2010)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 26. Núm. 3.
Páginas 143-149 (enero 2010)
Original Article
Acceso a texto completo
PICOGEN: Five years experience with a genetic counselling program for dementia
PICOGEN: experiencia de 5 años de un programa de asesoramiento genético en demencia
Visitas
1632
J. Forteaa, A. Lladóa, J. Clarimónb, A. Lleób, R. Olivac, J. Perid, L. Pintore, J. Yagüef, R. Blesab, J.L. Molinuevoa, R. Sánchez-Vallea,*
a Unidad de Alzheimer y otros trastornos cognitivos, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Psicología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
e Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
f Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Abstract
Introduction

We describe the 5 year experience of a genetic counselling program for familial dementias (the PICOGEN program).

Methods

The neurologist selected the candidates for genetic testing in the screening visit based on family history and phenotype (Alzheimer disease-AD, frontotemporal lobar degeneration-FTLD, or prion disease). Asymptomatic subjects who decided to know their genetic status were evaluated within a structured protocol by the psychiatrist and psychologist prior to entering the program and followed up afterwards.

Results

A total of 87 patients from 72 families were candidates for the genetic study, 20 of the 72 families had a family history of autosomal dominant early-onset dementia (ADEOD). A pathogenic mutation was found in 22 patients (8 PSEN1, 1 PSEN2, 1 APP, 4 MAPT, 8 PRNP), 5 of which had not been previously described. All positive cases, except for 1 PSEN1 (12.5%) and 4 PRNP (50%) showed ADEOD. In 3 ADEOD cases (15%) no pathogenic mutation was found. After individual genetic counselling, 24/54 asymptomatic subjects at risk decided to have the pre-symptomatic study, of whom 10 (42%) were carriers of the pathogenic mutation. In the follow up, no major psychiatric complication was observed.

Conclusions

In our series, family history of ADEOD was a sensitive criterion for the detection of pathogenic mutations in AD and FTLD but not in prion diseases. No genetic anomalies were detected in 15% of the ADEOD cases using conventional diagnostic procedures, and 43% of pre-symptomatic subjects at risk who received individual genetic counselling decided to have the study. The pre-symptomatic diagnosis proved to be safe under these conditions

Keywords:
Genetic counselling
Genetic screening
Familial dementia
Alzheimer disease
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Prion diseases
Resumen
Introducción

Describimos la experiencia del Programa de Información y Consejo Genético para demencias familiares (PICOGEN) en sus 5 años de funcionamiento.

Métodos

Todos los sujetos fueron asesorados por un neurólogo que seleccionó los candidatos a estudio genético según la historia familiar y el diagnóstico (enfermedad de Alzheimer [EA], degeneración lobular frontotemporal [DLFT] o enfermedad priónica). Los sujetos asintomáticos que decidieron conocer su estatus genético siguieron un protocolo estructurado de evaluación antes y después de la realización del test genético.

Resultados

Ochenta y siete pacientes de 72 familias fueron candidatos a estudio genético, 20 de 72 familias presentaban historia familiar autosómica dominante de inicio precoz (HADp). En 22 se detectó una mutación patogénica (8 PSEN1, 1 PSEN2, 1 APP, 4 MAPT, 8 PRNP), 5 no descritas previamente. Todos los casos con mutación, excepto uno PSEN1 (12,5%) y 4 PRNP (50%) presentaban HADp. En 3 casos con HADp (15%) no se encontró ninguna mutación. 24 de 54 sujetos asintomáticos de familias con mutación conocida decidieron realizarse el estudio presintomático, 10 resultaron portadores. En el seguimiento de los sujetos que realizaron el estudio predictivo no se observó ninguna complicación psiquiátrica mayor.

Conclusiones

En nuestra serie la HADp resultó un criterio sensible para la detección de mutaciones patogénicas en EA y DLFT, pero no en enfermedades priónicas. Un 15% de los casos HADp no presentaron alteraciones genéticas causales en estudios diagnósticos convencionales. El 43% de los sujetos en riesgo que recibieron asesoramiento genético individual realizaron el estudio presintomático. El estudio presintomático resultó seguro en este contexto

Palabras clave:
Consejo genético
Pruebas genéticas
Demencia familiar
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Degeneración lobular frontotemporal
Enfermedades priónicas
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
A. Lladó, C. Gaig, J.L. Molinuevo.
Genética de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas más prevalentes.
Med Clin., 126 (2006), pp. 662-670
[2.]
A. Lleó, R. Blesa, R. Queralt, M. Ezquerra, J.L. Molinuevo, J. Peña- Casanova, et al.
Frequency of mutations in the presenilin and amyloid precursor protein genes in early-onset Alzheimer disease in Spain.
Arch Neurol., 59 (2002), pp. 1759-1763
[3.]
G.G. Kovács, M. Puopolo, A. Ladogana, M. Pocchiari, H. Budka, C. van Duijn, et al.
Genetic prion disease: the EUROCJD experience.
Hum Genet., 118 (2005), pp. 166-174
[4.]
S.J. Collins, V.A. Lawson, C.L. Masters.
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
[5.]
J.J. Zarranz, A. Digon, B. Atarés, J.M. Arteagoitia, N. Carrera, I. Fernández Manchola, et al.
Familial prion diseases in the Basque Country (Spain).
Neuroepidemiology., 24 (2005), pp. 103-109
[6.]
R. Sánchez-Valle, C. Nos, J. Yagüe, F. Graus, A. Domínguez, A. Saiz, Catalan Collaborative Study Group for CJD.
Clinical and genetic features of human prion diseases in Catalonia: 1993–2002.
Eur J Neurol., 11 (2004), pp. 649-655
[7.]
S. Wiggins, P. Whyte, M. Huggins, S. Adam, J. Theilmann, M. Bloch, et al.
The psychological consequences of predictive testing for Huntington's disease. Canadian Collaborative Study of Predictive Testing.
N Engl J Med., 327 (1992), pp. 1401-1405
[8.]
C. Shepherd, H. McCann, G.M. Halliday.
Variations in the neuropathology of familial Alzheimer's disease.
Acta Neuropathol., 118 (2009), pp. 37-52
[9.]
M.B. Liddell, S. Lovestone, M.J. Owen.
Genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease: advising relatives.
Br J Psychiatry., 178 (2001), pp. 7-11
[10.]
J.L. Molinuevo, L. Pintor, J.M. Peri, A. Lleó, R. Oliva, T. Marcos, et al.
Emotional reactions to predictive testing in Alzheimer's disease and other inherited dementias.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen., 20 (2005), pp. 233-238
[11.]
K. Hayashi, D.W. Yandell.
How sensitive is PCR-SSCP?.
Hum Mutat., 2 (1993), pp. 338-346
[12.]
R.J. Guerreiro, M. Baquero, R. Blesa, M. Boada, J.M. Brás, M.J. Bullido, et al.
Genetic screening of Alzheimer's disease genes in Iberian and African samples yields novel mutations in presenilins and APP.
Neurobiol Aging., 31 (2010), pp. 725-731
[13.]
A. Lladó, R. Sánchez-Valle, M.J. Rey, P. Mercadal, C. Almenar, D. López-Villegas, et al.
New mutation in the PSEN1 (E120G) gene associated with early onset Alzheimer's disease.
Neurologia., 25 (2010), pp. 13-16
[14.]
R. Queralt, M. Ezquerra, M. Castellví, A. Lleó, R. Blesa, R. Oliva.
Detection of the presenilin 1 gene mutation (M139T) in earlyonset familial Alzheimer disease in Spain.
Neurosci Lett., 299 (2001), pp. 239-241
[15.]
A. Lladó, J. Fortea, T. Ojea, B. Bosch, P. Sanz, J. Valls-Solé, et al.
A novel PSEN1 mutation (K239N) associated with Alzheimer's disease with wide range age of onset and slow progression.
Eur J Neurol., 17 (2010), pp. 994-996
[16.]
Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia mutation database. Available at: http://www.molgen.ua.ac.be/.(consultado el 2 de diciembre de 2009).
[17.]
R. Sánchez-Valle, A. Lladó, M. Ezquerra, M.J. Rey, L. Rami, J.L. Molinuevo.
A novel mutation in the PSEN1 gene (L286P) associated with familial early-onset dementia of Alzheimer type and lobar haematomas.
Eur J Neurol., 14 (2007), pp. 1409-1412
[18.]
J. Aldudo, M.J. Bullido, T. Arbizu, R. Oliva, F. Valdivieso.
Identification of a novel mutation (Leu282Arg) of the human presenilin 1 gene in Alzheimer's disease.
Neurosci Lett., 240 (1998), pp. 174-176
[19.]
M. Ezquerra, A. Lleó, M. Castellví, R. Queralt, P. Santacruz, P. Pastor, et al.
A novel mutation in the PSEN2 gene (T430M) associated with variable expression in a family with early-onset Alzheimer disease.
Arch Neurol., 60 (2003), pp. 1149-1151
[20.]
R. Sánchez-Valle, J.I. Aróstegui, J. Yagüe, L. Rami, A. Lladó, J.L. Molinuevo.
First demonstrated de novo insertion in the prion protein gene in a young patient with dementia.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry., 79 (2008), pp. 845-846
[21.]
G. Waldemar, B. Dubois, M. Emre, J. Georges, I.G. McKeith, M. Rossor, et al.
EFNS. Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease and other disorders associated with dementia: EFNS guideline.
Eur J Neurol, 14 (2007), pp. e1-e26
[22.]
D.P. Rice, H.M. Fillit, W. Max, D.S. Knopman, J.R. Lloyd, S. Duttagupta, et al.
Prevalence, costs, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia: a managed care perspective.
Am J Manag Care., 7 (2001), pp. 809-818
[23.]
A. Kowalska.
[Genetic counseling and testing for families with Alzheimer's disease].
Neurol Neurochir Pol., 38 (2004), pp. 495-501
[24.]
G. Raux, L. Guyant-Maréchal, C. Martin, J. Bou, C. Penet, A. Brice, et al.
Molecular diagnosis of autosomal dominant early onset Alzheimer's disease: an update.
J Med Genet., 42 (2005), pp. 793-795
[25.]
H. Seelaar, W. Kamphorst, S.M. Rosso, A. Azmani, R. Masdjedi, I. de Koning, et al.
Distinct genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia.
Neurology., 71 (2008), pp. 1220-1226
[26.]
F. Laccone, U. Engel, E. Holinski-Feder, M. Weigell-Weber, K. Marczinek, D. Nolte, et al.
DNA analysis of Huntington's disease: five years of experience in Germany.
Austria, and Switzerland. Neurology., 53 (1999), pp. 801-806
[27.]
E.J. Steinbart, C.O. Smith, P. Poorkaj, T.D. Bird.
Impact of DNA testing for early-onset familial Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia.
Arch Neurol., 58 (2001), pp. 1828-1831
[28.]
S.R. Riedijk, M.F. Niermeijer, D. Dooijes, A. Tibben.
A Decade of Genetic Counseling in Frontotemporal Dementia Affected Families: Few Counseling Requests and much Familial Opposition to Testing.
J Genet Couns., 18 (2009), pp. 350-356
[29.]
E.W. Almqvist, M. Bloch, R. Brinkman, D. Craufurd, M.R. Hayden, on behalf of an international Huntington disease collaborative group.
A Worldwide Assessment of the Frequency of Suicide Suicide Attempts, or Psychiatric Hospitalization after Predictive Testing for Huntington Disease.
Am. J Hum Genet., 64 (1999), pp. 1293-1304

This work was presented as an oral communication at the annual meeting of the Spanish Neurology Society, in 2009.

Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neurología
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos