covid
Buscar en
Psychosocial Intervention
Toda la web
Inicio Psychosocial Intervention Exposición a la Violencia entre los Padres, Prácticas de Crianza y Malestar Ps...
Información de la revista
Vol. 20. Núm. 2.
Páginas 121-130 (agosto 2011)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 20. Núm. 2.
Páginas 121-130 (agosto 2011)
Open Access
Exposición a la Violencia entre los Padres, Prácticas de Crianza y Malestar Psicológico a Largo Plazo de los Hijos
Witnessing Interparental Violence, Parenting Practices, and Children's Long-Term Psychological Distress
Visitas
3924
Manuel Gámez-Guadix1,
Autor para correspondencia
mgamezguadix@gmail.com

Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos. Universidad de Deusto, Planta 1, Avenida de las Universidades 24, 48007 Bilbao, Spain.
, Carmen Almendros2
1 Universidad de Deusto, Spain
2 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen

El primer objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre la exposición a la violencia intraparental durante la infancia y el grado de malestar psicológico de los hijos en la edad adulta, y si dicha relación está mediada por un deterioro de las prácticas de crianza de los padres (i.e., la disciplina severa, las demostraciones de afecto y apoyo y la inconsistencia inter e intraparental). Un segundo objetivo consistió en examinar las diferencias por sexo en las relaciones estudiadas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 680 estudiantes universitarios (62.4% mujeres) seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio, estratificado y proporcional (por facultad y sexo). Los participantes informaron retrospectivamente acerca de si habían presenciado violencia entre sus padres, las pautas de crianza recibidas en la infancia y su nivel de malestar psicológico actual. Los resultados indicaron que la disciplina severa (castigo físico y psicológico) y las demostraciones de afecto y apoyo mediaron parcialmente la relación entre la exposición a la violencia marital y el nivel de malestar de los hijos a largo plazo. Además, no se encontraron diferencias por sexo en las relaciones especificadas. Finalmente, se discuten los hallazgos del estudio, sus limitaciones y las implicaciones para la planificación de programas de intervención.

Palabras clave:
malestar psicológico
prácticas de crianza
violencia entre los padres
Abstract

The first objective of this study was to examine the relationship between witnessing interparental violence and children's long-term psychological distress, and the extent to which this relation is mediated by deteriorating parenting practices (i.e., harsh discipline, affection/support, interparental and intraparental consistency). The second objective was to analyze the possible gender differences in the relationships specified. The sample comprised 680 Spanish university students (62.4% females) selected by random, stratified, and proportional sampling (by faculty and sex). Participants retrospectively reported the physical and psychological violence perpetrated by one of his or her parents against the other, the parenting practices when they were preadolescents, and the psychological distress during the past two weeks. Results revealed that harsh discipline and the level of affection and affection/support partially mediated the association between children's witnessing interparental violence and their long-term psychological distress. These relationships were not significantly different as a function of participants’ sex. Lastly, we discuss the implications of these findings for the planning and development of intervention programs.

Keywords:
parenting practices
partner violence
psychological distress
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Referencias
[Almeida et al., 1999]
D.M. Almeida, E. Wethington, A.L. Chandler.
Daily transmission of tensions between marital dyads and parent–child dyads.
Journal of Marriage & the Family, 61 (1999), pp. 49-61
[Appel and Holden, 1998]
A. Appel, G.W. Holden.
The co-occurrence of spouse and physical child abuse: A review and appraisal.
Journal of Family Psychology, 12 (1998), pp. 578-599
[Benson et al., 2008]
M.J. Benson, C. Buehler, J.M. Gerard.
Interparental hostility and early adolescent problem behavior: Spillover via maternal acceptance, harshness, inconsistency, and intrusiveness.
The Journal of Early Adolescence, 28 (2008), pp. 428-454
[Bentler, 2005]
P.M. Bentler.
EQS 6.1 for Windows. Structural equations program manual..
Multivariate Software, Inc, (2005),
[Bradford et al., 2003]
K. Bradford, B.K. Barber, J.A. Olsen, S.L. Maughan, L.D. Erickson, D. Ward, H.E. Stolz.
A multinational study of interparental conflict, parenting, and adolescent functioning: South Africa, Bangladesh, China, India, Bosnia Germany, Palestine, Colombia, and the United States. Marriage & Family Review.
Special Issue: Parenting Styles in Diverse Perspectives, 35 (2003), pp. 107-137
[Brody et al., 1996]
G.H. Brody, I. Arias, F.D. Fincham.
Linking marital and child attributions to family processes and parentchild relationships.
Journal of Family Psychology, 10 (1996), pp. 408-421
[Browne and Cudeck, 1993]
M.W. Browne, R. Cudeck.
Alternative ways of assessing model fit.
Testing structural equation models, pp. 136-162
[Buehler et al., 2006]
C. Buehler, M.J. Benson, J.M. Gerard.
Interparental hostility and early adolescent problem behavior: The mediating role of specific aspects of parenting.
Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16 (2006), pp. 265-292
[Buehler and Gerard, 2002]
C. Buehler, J.M. Gerard.
Marital conflict, ineffective parenting, and children's and adolescents’ maladjustment.
Journal of Marriage and the Family, 64 (2002), pp. 78-92
[Byrne, 2008]
B.M. Byrne.
Testing for multigroup equivalence of a measuring instrument: A walk through the process.
Psicothema, 20 (2008), pp. 872-882
[Chang et al., 2003]
L. Chang, D. Schwartz, K.A. Dodge, C. McBride-Chang.
Harsh parenting in relation to child emotion regulation and aggression.
Journal of Family Psychology, 17 (2003), pp. 598-606
[Dadds et al., 1990]
M.R. Dadds, J.K. Sheffield, J.F. Holbeck.
An examination of the differential relationship of marital discord to parents’ discipline strategies for boys and girls.
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18 (1990), pp. 121-129
[Davies et al., 2004]
C.A. Davies, D. DiLillo, I.G. Martinez.
Isolating adult psychological correlates of witnessing parental violence: Findings from a predominantly Latina sample.
Journal of Family Violence, 19 (2004), pp. 377-385
[Davies et al., 2001]
P.T. Davies, L.L. Lindsay, J.H. Grych, F.D. Fincham.
Does gender moderate the effects of marital conflict on children?.
Interparental conflict and child development: Theory, research, and applications, pp. 64-97
[Derogatis, 1993]
L.R. Derogatis.
BSI: Administration, Scoring, and Procedures Manual..
National Computer Systems, Inc, (1993),
[Diamond and Muller, 2004]
T. Diamond, R.T. Muller.
The relationship between witnessing parental conflict during childhood and later psychological adjustment among university students: disentangling confounding risk factors.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 36 (2004), pp. 295-309
[Emery and O’Leary, 1982]
R.E. Emery, K.D. O’Leary.
Children's perceptions of marital discord and behavior problems of boys and girls.
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10 (1982), pp. 11-24
[Erath and Bierman, 2006]
S.A. Erath, K.L. Bierman, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group.
Aggressive marital conflict, maternal harsh punishment, and child aggressive-disruptive behavior: Evidence for direct and mediated relations.
Journal of Family Psychology, 20 (2006), pp. 217-226
[Erel and Burman, 1995]
O. Erel, B. Burman.
Interrelatedness of marital relations and parent-child relations: A meta-analytic review.
Psychological Bulletin, 118 (1995), pp. 108-132
[Fauber et al., 1990]
R. Fauber, R. Forehand, A.M. Thomas, M. Wierson.
Amediational model of the impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment in intact and divorced families: the role of disrupted parenting.
Child Development, 61 (1990), pp. 1112-1123
[Fincham et al., 1994]
F.D. Fincham, J.H. Grych, L.N. Osborne.
Does marital conflict cause child maladjustment?. Directions and challenges for longitudinal research.
Journal of Family Psychology, 8 (1994), pp. 128-140
[Gámez-Guadix et al., in press]
Gámez-Guadix, M., Carrobles, J.A., Muñoz-Rivas, M. y Almendros, C. (en prensa). Interparental violence and children's long term psychosocial adjustment: The mediating role of parenting practices. The Spanish Journal of Psychology.
[Gámez-Guadix et al., 2010]
M. Gámez-Guadix, I. Orue, E. Calvete, J.A. Carrobles, M. Munoz-Rivas, C. Almendros.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Dimensions of Discipline Inventory (DDI) in university students.
Psicothema, 22 (2010), pp. 151-156
[Gonzales et al., 2000]
N.A. Gonzales, S.C. Pitts, N.E. Hill, M.W. Roosa.
A mediational model of the impact of interparental conflict on child adjustment in a multiethnic, low-income sample.
Journal of Family Psychology, 14 (2000), pp. 365-379
[Grych and Fincham, 2001]
J.H. Grych, F.D. Fincham.
Interparental conflict and child development: Theory, research, and applications.
Cambridge University Press, (2001),
[Harold et al., 1997]
G.T. Harold, F.D. Fincham, L.N. Osborne, R.D. Conger.
Mom and dad are at it again: adolescent perceptions of marital conflict and adolescent psychological distress.
Developmental Psychology, 33 (1997), pp. 333-350
[Holmbeck, 1997]
G.N. Holmbeck.
Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: Examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65 (1997), pp. 599-610
[Kaczynski et al., 2006]
K.J. Kaczynski, K.M. Lindahl, N.M. Malik, J.P. Laurenceau.
Marital conflict, maternal and paternal parenting, and child adjustment: A test of mediation and moderation.
Journal of Family Psychology, 20 (2006), pp. 199-208
[Kitzmann et al., 2003]
K.M. Kitzmann, N.K. Gaylord, A.R. Holt, E.D. Kenny.
Child witnesses to Domestic Violence: A metaanalytic review.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71 (2003), pp. 339-352
[Krishnakumar and Buehler, 2000]
A. Krishnakumar, C. Buehler.
Interparental conflict and parenting behaviors: A meta-analytic review.
Family Relations, 49 (2000), pp. 25-44
[Mann and MacKenzie, 1996]
B.J. Mann, E.P. MacKenzie.
Pathways among marital functioning, parental behaviors, and child behavior problems in school-age boys.
Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25 (1996), pp. 183-191
[Musitu et al., 2006]
G. Musitu, B.N. Martínez, S. Murgui.
Marital conflict, parental support, and school adjustment in adolescents.
Anuario de Psicología, 37 (2006), pp. 247-258
[O’Leary and Vidair, 2005]
S.G. O’Leary, H.B. Vidair.
Marital adjustment, child-rearing disagreements, and overreactive parenting: Predicting child behavior problems.
Journal of Family Psychology, 19 (2005), pp. 208-216
[Patterson, 1982]
G.R. Patterson.
Coercive family process..
Castalia Press, (1982),
[Pereda et al., 2007]
N. Pereda, M. Forns, M. Peró.
Dimensional structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory with Spanish college students.
Psicothema, 19 (2007), pp. 634-639
[Straus and Douglas, 2004]
M.A. Straus, E.M. Douglas.
A Short Form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales, and typologies for severity and mutuality.
Violence and Victims, 19 (2004), pp. 507-552
[Straus and Fauchier, 2007]
M.A. Straus, A. Fauchier.
Manual for the Dimensions of Discipline Inventory (DDI).
Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, (2007),
[Straus et al., 2007]
Straus, M. A., Hamby, S. L., Boney-McCoy, S. y Sugarman, D. (1999 (Revised 2007)). Manual for the Personal and Relationships Profile (PRP). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Family Research Laboratory. http://pubpages.unh.edu/~mas2/
[Straus et al., 1998]
M.A. Straus, S.L. Hamby, D. Finkelhor, D.W. Moore, D. Runyan.
Identification of child maltreatment with the parent-child Conflict Tactics Scales: Development and psychometric data for a national sample of American parents.
Child Abuse & Neglect, 22 (1998), pp. 249-270
[Sturge-Apple et al., 2009]
M.L. Sturge-Apple, P.T. Davies, D. Cicchetti, E.M. Cummings.
The role of mothers’ and fathers’ adrenocortical reactivity in spillover between interparental conflict and parenting practices.
Journal of Family Psychology, 23 (2009), pp. 215-225
[Sturge-Apple et al., 2006]
M.L. Sturge-Apple, P.T. Davies, E.M. Cummings.
Hostility and withdrawal in marital conflict: effects on parental emotional unavailability and inconsistent discipline.
Journal of Family Psychology, 20 (2006), pp. 227-238
[Tabachnick and Fidell, 2007]
B.G. Tabachnick, L.S. Fidell.
Using multivariate statistics.
5th, Allyn & Bacon/Pearson Education, (2007),
[Wolfe et al., 2003]
D.A. Wolfe, C.V. Crooks, V. Lee, A. McIntyre-Smith, P.G. Jaffe.
The effects of children's exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6 (2003), pp. 171-187
[Zimet and Jacob, 2001]
D.M. Zimet, T. Jacob.
Influences of marital conflict on child adjustment: Review of theory and research.
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4 (2001), pp. 319-335
Copyright © 2011. Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo