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Inicio Radiología (English Edition) New insights into lung diseases using hyperpolarized gas MRI
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 303-313 (July - August 2015)
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Vol. 57. Issue 4.
Pages 303-313 (July - August 2015)
Update in Radiology
New insights into lung diseases using hyperpolarized gas MRI
RM con gases hiperpolarizados: Nuevas perspectivas en el estudio de enfermedades pulmonares
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L. Florsa,
Corresponding author
lcflors@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, T.A. Altesa, J.P. Mugler 3a, E.E. de Langea, G.W. Millera, J.F. Mataa, I.C. Rusetb,c, F.W. Hersmanc,b
a Departamento de Radiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
b Xemed LLC, Durham, NH, United States
c Departamento de Física, Universidad de New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
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Table 1. Hyperpolarized gases. Physical and physiological properties.
Abstract

Hyperpolarized (HP) gases are a new class of contrast agents that permit to obtain high temporal and spatial resolution magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the lung airspaces. HP gas MRI has become an important research tool not only for morphological and functional evaluation of normal pulmonary physiology but also for regional quantification of pathologic changes occurring in several lung diseases. The purpose of this work is to provide an introduction to MRI using HP noble gases, describing both the basic principles of the technique and the new information about lung disease provided by clinical studies with this method. The applications of the technique in normal subjects, smoking related lung disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis are reviewed.

Keywords:
Hyperpolarized gas
Magnetic resonance imaging
Diffusion
Helium
Xenon
Lung morphometry
Resumen

Los gases hiperpolarizados (HP) son una nueva clase de agentes de contraste que permiten obtener imágenes por resonancia magnética (RM) de alta resolución temporal y espacial de los espacios aéreos pulmonares. La RM con gas HP se ha convertido en una importante herramienta de investigación no solo para la evaluación morfológica y funcional pulmonar normal sino también para cuantificar los cambios patológicos regionales que se dan en las enfermedades pulmonares. El propósito de este trabajo es introducir la RM con gases nobles HP, describiendo, para ello, tanto los principios técnicos básicos como la información sobre las enfermedades pulmonares que ofrecen los estudios clínicos realizados. También hacemos una revisión de sus aplicaciones en sujetos normales, en enfermedades pulmonares secundarias al tabaco, el asma y la fibrosis quística.

Palabras clave:
Gas hiperpolarizado
Resonancia magnética
Difusión, Helio
Xenón
Morfometría pulmonar

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