Información del artículo
Resumen
Objetivo
Describir, clasificar y discutir las indicaciones de los biomateriales de base biológica, moléculas bioactivas e ingeniería de tejidos que se están usando para el manejo de recesiones y aumento de encía en cirugía plástica periodontal. En esta revisión de la literatura, se utilizó una combinación de los términos de búsqueda específicos que consideraran los materiales en revisión, para el aumento de encía adherida, y el recubrimiento radicular.
Materiales y MétodosSe usaron las siguientes fuentes: Medline, Biblioteca Cochrane, y búsqueda manual de revistas específicas como el Journal of Periodontology, International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry y Journal of Clinical Periodontology entre años 1985 y 2011. Se revisaron un total de 117 artículos y se seleccionaron 74 entre estudios clínicos controlados, estudios clínicos randomizados, reportes de casos y estudios en animales. Los artículos fueron revisados por los autores y aceptados por consenso para su discusión.
Conclusiones1) Existe una serie de materiales que presentan gran potencial y podrían ser una alternativa viable a los injertos autógenos, pero se requiere más estudios a largo plazo. 2) Existe necesidad de estudios con la investigación de estos procedimientos en relación a resultados orientados a la estabilidad, seguridad y efectividad de los diferentes materiales existentes.
Palabras clave:
Recesión gingival
cirugía mucogingival
injerto de tejido
dispositivo biológico
moléculas bioactivas
dispositivos de células vivas
Abstract
Objective
To describe, classify and discuss the clinical applications of biologically based biomaterials, bioactive molecules and tissue engineering being utilized in gingival recession therapy and gingival augmentation procedures in plastic periodontal surgery. In this literature review, a combination of specific search key words were used, including materials being reviewed, indicated for gingival augmentation and root coverage procedures.
Materials and MethodsThe following sources were consulted: Medline, Cochrane Library and manual search of specific scientific journals such as Journal of Periodontology, International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry and Journal of Clinical Periodontology between the years 1985 and 2011. A total of 117 articles were reviewed with 74 being selected unanimously by the authors for discussion in the manuscript. These articles included controlled clinical studies, randomized clinical studies, case reports and animal studies. The selected articles were reviewed by the authors and accepted by consensus.
Conclusions1) There is a cohort of materials that exhibit great potential which could be a viable alternative to autografts but are in need of further long term studies. 2) There is a need of research of these materials in relation to stability, safety and efficacy.
Key words:
Gingival recession
mucogingival surgery
tissue graft
biologic dispositives
bioactive molecules
life cell constructs
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