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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Factores relacionados con el número de rehospitalizaciones en pacientes psiquiÃ...
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Vol. 40. Núm. 3.
Páginas 409-419 (septiembre 2011)
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Vol. 40. Núm. 3.
Páginas 409-419 (septiembre 2011)
Artículos originales
Acceso a texto completo
Factores relacionados con el número de rehospitalizaciones en pacientes psiquiátricos*
Factors Related to the Number of Readmissions in Psychiatric Patients
Visitas
1082
Luis Eduardo Jaramillo1,
Autor para correspondencia
lejaramillog@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia: Luis E. Jaramillo G. Universidad Nacional, Facultad de Medicina, oficina 202 Ciudad Universitaria Bogotá, Colombia
, Ricardo Sánchez2, María Isabel Herazo3
1 Profesor asociado de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
2 Profesor titular de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
3 Médica psiquiatra egresada de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar el efecto que un grupo de variables demográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento tienen en la rehospitalización.

Método

Se efectuó un estudio de cohorte en el que se siguieron a 218 pacientes durante doce meses. El desenlace principal fue el número de hospitalizaciones durante el seguimiento. Se usó un modelo de regresión binomial negativa para evaluar el efecto que el grupo de variables tienen en el número de hospitalizaciones.

Resultados

El porcentaje de rehospitalizaciones está en el límite superior del rango reportado en otros estudios. El uso de sustancias psicoactivas está fuertemente asociado con el número de rehospitalizaciones. La duración de la estancia y el número de episodios previos también se asociaron con la rehospitalización. La salida voluntaria y la comorbilidad con enfermedades médicas actuaron como factores protectores.

Conclusión

Es llamativo el elevado índice de rehospitalización, ya que influye significativamente en los pacientes, la familia y el sistema de salud; así como en la necesidad de intervenir sobre los factores de riesgo, sobre todo el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.

Palabras clave:
Trastornos relacionados con sustancias
epidemiología
rehabilitación
hospitalización
admisión del paciente
estudios prospectivos
Abstract
Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect on readmissions of a group of clinical, therapeutic, and demographic variables.

Methods

A 12-month follow-up study of a cohort of 218 patients was performed. The main outcome was the number of hospitalizations during the follow-up. Binomial negative regression was used to assess the effect that a group of variables had on the number of hospitalizations.

Results

The percentage of readmissions was at the upper limit of the range reported in other studies. The use of psychoactive substances was strongly associated with the number of readmissions. Length of stay and number of previous episodes were also associated with readmissions. Voluntary discharge and comorbidity with medical diseases were protective factors.

Conclusion

The rate of readmissions was strikingly high, having significant impact on patients, families, and the health system. This highlights the need of intervening on risk factors, especially the use of psychoactive substances.

Key words:
Substance-related disorders
epidemiology
rehabilitation
hospitalization
patient admission
prospective studies
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Conflictos de interés: Los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Para la realización del artículo se utilizó información recogida en la elaboración de la tesis Factores asociados a readmisión hospitalaria en psiquiatría, para obtener el título de Psiquiatra, en el 2011, en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional.

Copyright © 2011. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
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