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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología Enfermedades metabólicas óseas: análisis clínico y radiológico en cinco cas...
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Vol. 17. Núm. 2.
Páginas 123-131 (junio 2010)
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Vol. 17. Núm. 2.
Páginas 123-131 (junio 2010)
Acceso a texto completo
Enfermedades metabólicas óseas: análisis clínico y radiológico en cinco casos
Metabolic bone diseases: clinical and radiologic analysis in five cases
Visitas
20658
Carlos Darío Ochoa1, Carlos E. Toro1, Fabián Ramírez1, Jaime Mercado2, Orlando Olivares3, José Félix Restrepo1, Federico Rondón1, Antonio Iglesias-Gamarra1
1 Unidad de Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia
2 Nefrólogo, Fresenius. Barranquilla
3 Nefrólogo, Fresenius. Bogotá
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Resumen

El estudio de la enfermedad metabólica ósea es amplio y complejo. La enfermedad ósea más reconocida por médicos de todas las especialidades es la osteoporosis, probablemente debido a su elevada frecuencia. No obstante, es importante reconocer que existen numerosas entidades que afectan el metabolismo óseo de diferentes formas, llevando a fragilidad ósea, aumento del riesgo de fractura, osteoporosis u osteocondensación, de acuerdo a cada caso particular. Tanto el diagnóstico clínico como el reconocimiento de la alteración metabólica subyacente son importantes porque la identificación de la anormalidad específica se constituye en la base para el tratamiento. Se presentan 5 casos diferentes en los que un trastorno metabólico conlleva a una patología ósea específica; se discute la patogenia de las calcificaciones arteriales y se presenta una entidad mixta que nosotros llamamos osteoporomalacia.

Palabras clave:
enfermedad metabólica ósea
osteomalacia
osteoporomalacia
hiperparatiroidismo
osteodistrofia renal
calcificaciones arteriales
Summary

The study of metabolic bone disease is broad and complex. The most widely recognized bone disease by physicians of all specialties is osteoporosis, probably due to its high frequency. However, it is important to recognize that there are numerous entities that affect bone metabolism in different ways, leading to brittle bones, increased risk of fracture, osteoporosis or osteocondensation, according to each particular case. Both the clinical diagnosis and recognition of the underlying metabolic abnormality are important because they identify the specific abnormality that will be the base for treatment. There were 5 different cases in which a metabolic disorder leads to specific bone pathology, we discuss the pathogenesis of arterial calcifications and presents a mixed entity we call osteoporomalacia.

Key words:
metabolic bone disease
osteomalacia
osteoporomalacia
hyperparathyroidism
renal osteodystrophy
arterial calcification
bone tumor
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