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Vol. 14. Núm. 2.
Páginas 115-146 (1 agosto 2011)
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Vol. 14. Núm. 2.
Páginas 115-146 (1 agosto 2011)
Open Access
Sistemas de control para la gestión de los canales de exportación independientes: un análisis exploratorio sobre su diseño y uso
Control systems to manage independent export channels: an exploratory analysis about their design and use
Visitas
1889
Pedro Araujo Pinzón
Universidad de Cádiz
José Manuel Sánchez Vázquez
Universidad de Cádiz
Maria Velez Elorza
Universidad de Cádiz
Concha Álvarez-Dardet Espejo
Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen

El empleo de canales de exportación independientes es la forma más extendida de exportación, si bien la ausencia de propiedad dificulta su gestión y afecta al rendimiento exportador. Dado el creciente interés académico y profesional por mejorar la gestión de los procesos de exportación de las empresas y la laguna existente en el estudio de las relaciones inter-organizativas orientadas al mercado (down-stream), se plantea como objetivo del presente estudio la exploración de los sistemas de control de gestión (SCG) en el contexto de los canales de exportación, desde la perspectiva de la empresa exportadora. Mediante la realización de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio, se pretende contribuir a la literatura sobre los SCG inter-organizativos ampliando su ámbito de interés a las relaciones down-stream de la cadena de suministros, esenciales para la competitividad de muchas empresas. Frente a estudios previos sobre SCG enfocados en relaciones proveedor-comprador, los resultados muestran que las empresas exportadoras analizadas (1) emplean múltiples mecanismos de control, principalmente cualitativos, que (2) se caracterizan por su ámbito amplio y la oportunidad en el tiempo, así como por sus bajos niveles de integración y agregación, y (3) usan algunos mecanismos -p.e., reuniones con los intermediarios- de modo interactivo, mientras que otras herramientas -p.e., contratos y acuerdos- son usadas de modo diagnóstico. Asimismo, la evidencia sugiere que la definición de sistemas formales en este contexto puede diferir de la tradicional, con amplias repercusiones sobre los marcos de análisis de los sistemas de control de gestión.

Palabras clave:
sistemas de control de gestión
relaciones inter-organizativas down-stream
canales de exportación independientes
Abstract

Independent export channels are the most common exporting entry mode, although the lack of ownership hinders their management and affects export performance. Given the growing academic and professional interest to improve export processes’ management and the existent gap in the study of down-stream inter-organisational relationships, the present study aims at the exploration of management control systems (MCS) in the context of export channels. From the perspective of exporting firms, this exploratory qualitative study contributes to the literature on inter-organisational MCS enlarging its scope of interest to down-stream supply chain relationships, essential for the competitiveness of many firms. Whereas previous studies focused on seller-buyer relationships, the results show that the analysed exporting firms (1) use multiple control mechanisms, mainly qualitative; (2) these MCS are characterised by their wide scope and opportunity, as well as their low integration and aggregation; and (3) exporting firms use some mechanisms -e.g., meetings with intermediary firms- in an interactive way, while other tools -e.g., contracts and agreementsare used in a diagnostic way. Also, the evidence suggests that the definition of formal systems in this context can differ from the traditional one, with wide repercussions on the MCS analysis frameworks.

Keywords:
management control systems
down-stream inter-organisational relationships
independent export channels
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