Comparar los resultados con las plastias autólogas y homólogas en la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) en dos grupos de pacientes con un seguimiento mínimo de dos años.
Material y métodoEstudio retrospectivo no aleatorizado. Se realizaron 96 reconstrucciones de forma artroscópica por dos cirujanos entre agosto de 1997 y abril de 2000. Se instauró un protocolo precoz de rehabilitación. Se llamaron telefónicamente para revisión, acudiendo 66 (30 autoinjertos y 36 aloinjertos). Se valoró la sintomatología subjetiva mediante la escala de Lysholm y se objetivaron los signos clínicos y radiológicos mediante las pruebas de Lachman, pívot shift y Lachman activo radiológico, comparando con la rodilla sana.
ResultadosNo hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los resultados de las pruebas de Lachman, pívot shift, Lachman activo radiológico y escala de Lysholm. Hubo dos casos de artrofibrosis entre los autoinjertos; en el grupo de los aloinjertos se produjeron dos casos de osteólisis tibial.
ConclusionesObservamos una mayor tendencia al deslizamiento en las pruebas de Lachman y pívot shift en los aloinjertos, si bien los pacientes presentan subjetivamente rodillas estables. Creemos que ambas opciones de tratamiento son igualmente adecuadas, ya que los resultados son estadísticamente similares en ambos grupos.
To compare the results of autograft vs allograft in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in two groups of patients with a minimum follow-up of two years.
Materials and methodsRetrospective, nonrandomized study. Ninety-six arthroscopic reconstructions were carried out by two surgeons between August 1997 and April 2000. An early rehabilitation protocol was used. Patients were contacted by telephone to schedule a follow-up visit and 66 were seen (30 autografts and 36 allografts). Subjective symptoms were assessed using the Lysholm scale and clinical and radiological signs were evaluated with the Lachman test, pivot shift, and Lachman active radiologic test. Findings were compared to the healthy knee.
ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the results of the Lachman test, pivot shift, Lachman active radiologic test, or Lysholm scale. There were two cases of arthrofibrosis among the patients with autografts and two cases of tibial osteolysis in the allograft group.
ConclusionsThere was a greater tendency to translation in the Lachman and pivot shift tests among allograft recipients, although the patients had subjectively stable knees. We conclude that both treatment options are equally suitable because the results were statistically equivalent in both groups.