metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) Procalcitonin in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in knee arthroplasty
Información de la revista
Vol. 55. Núm. 2.
Páginas 130-139 (marzo - abril 2011)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 55. Núm. 2.
Páginas 130-139 (marzo - abril 2011)
Research
Acceso a texto completo
Procalcitonin in the diagnosis of postoperative infection in knee arthroplasty
La procalcitonina en el diagnóstico de infección postoperatoria en las artroplastias de rodilla
Visitas
4456
I. González-Busto Múgicaa,
Autor para correspondencia
ignaciobusto@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J. Prieto Rodríguezb, A. Fernández Fernándezc, R. Hueso Rieua, F.V. Álvarez Menéndezd, A. Amigo Fernándeza
a Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital V. Álvarez-Buylla, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
b Facultad de Económicas, Departamento de Economía, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
c Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital V. Álvarez-Buylla, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
d Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Abstract
Purpose of the study

Procalcitonin (PCT) is a 116 aminoacid polipeptyde synthesized in the thyroid C-cells. Its levels rise in the presence of bacterial infection. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of PCT levels in the postoperative period of knee arthroplasty and to assess its usefulness in the diagnosis of the infection process and its relationship to Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP).

Material and methods

Blood samples from 128 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty surgery were taken one hour before surgery and 24, 48 and 72 hours after. PCT, ESR and CRP levels were measured and related to clinical complications. The number of leukocytes, blood transfusions, type of implant and minutes of ischaemia were studied and correlated to PCT concentrations above 0.5 ng / mL.

Results

PCT<0.5 ng / mL correlated with absence of clinical complications in 95% of the cases, and levels of PCT>0.5 ng / mL correlated to clinical complications in 75% of the cases. ESR and CRP increased in all of the patients in the postoperative period.

Conclusions

Difficulties in establishing an unquestionable diagnosis of infection do not allow us to firmly assert that PCT levels higher than 0.5 ng / mL are exclusive of bacterial infection, but it does seem to be more useful than ESR and CRP in the management of these patients.

Keywords:
Procalcitonin
Diagnosis of infection
Arthroplasty
Knee
Resumen
Objetivo

La procalcitonina (PCT) es un polipéptido de 116 aminoácidos sintetizado en las células C del tiroides cuyas concentraciones se elevan en presencia de una infección bacteriana. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar el comportamiento de las concentraciones de PCT en el postoperatorio de las artroplastias de rodilla y valorar su utilidad en el diagnóstico de procesos infecciosos y su relación con la velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG) y la proteína C reactiva (PCR).

Material y métodos

Se estudiaron las concentraciones de PCT, PCR y valores de VSG en 128 pacientes intervenidos para una artroplastia primaria de rodilla desde el preoperatorio y los tres primeros días tras la intervención para relacionar los cambios en los niveles de estos marcadores con la aparición de complicaciones. Se estudió la variación en el número de leucocitos, el número de transfusiones, la utilización de diferentes implantes y el tiempo de isquemia buscando correlación con la aparición de concentraciones de PCT > 0,5 ng/mL.

Resultados

Concentraciones de PCT < 0,5 ng/mL se correspondieron con ausencia de complicaciones clínicas en el 95% de los casos mientras que concentraciones de PCT > 0,5 ng/mL se correspondieron con aparición de complicaciones clínicas en el 75% de los casos. La PCR y la VSG se incrementaron en todos los casos.

Conclusiones

La dificultad para hacer el diagnóstico incuestionable de infección no permite afirmar categóricamente que una concentración de PCT > 0,5 ng/mL sea marcador exclusivo de complicación infecciosa pero su determinación parece de mayor utilidad que la de VSG y PCR.

Palabras clave:
Procalcitonina
Diagnóstico de infección
Artroplastia
Rodilla
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
C. Lavernia, D.J. Lee, V.H. Hernández.
The increasing financial burden of knee revision surgery in the United States.
Clin Orthop Relat Res, 446 (2006), pp. 221-226
[2.]
J.M. Leone, A.D. Hanssen.
Management of infection at the site of a total knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg Am, 87 (2005), pp. 2335-2348
[3.]
T.K. Fehring, S. Odum, W.L. Griffin, J.B. Mason, M. Nadaud.
Early failures in total knee arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop Relat Res, 392 (2001), pp. 315-318
[4.]
A.D. Hanssen.
Managing the infected knee: as good as it gets.
J Arthroplasty, 17 (2002), pp. 98-101
[5.]
R. Tattevin, A.C. Cremiaux, P. Pottler, D. Huton, C. Carbon.
Prosthetic joint infection: when can prosthesis salvage be considered?.
Clin Infect Dis, 29 (1999), pp. 292-295
[6.]
S. Black, I. Kushner, D. Samols.
C-reactive protein.
J Biol Chem, 279 (2004), pp. 48487-48490
[7.]
C. Povoa.
C-reactive protein: a valuable marker of sepsis.
Intensive Care Med, 28 (2002), pp. 235-243
[8.]
O. Bilgen, T. Atici, K. Durak, A. Kareminogullari, M.S. Bilgen.
C-reactive protein values and erythrocyte sedimentation rates after total hip and total knee arthroplasty.
J Int Med Res, 29 (2001), pp. 7-12
[9.]
M.J. Spangehl, A.S. Younger, B.A. Masri, C.P. Duncan.
Diagnosis of infection following total hip arthroplasty.
Instr Course Lect, 47 (1998), pp. 285-295
[10.]
M. Assicot, D. Gendrel, H. Carsin, J. Raymond, J. Guilbaud, C. Bohuon.
High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection.
Lancet, 341 (1993), pp. 515-818
[11.]
M. Meisner, K. Tschaikowsky, A. Hutzler, C. Schick, J. Schüttler.
Postoperative plasma concentrations of procalcitonin after different types of surgery.
Intensive Care Med, 24 (1998), pp. 680-684
[12.]
B. Prieto, E. Llorente, I. González-Pinto, F.V. Álvarez.
Plasma procalcitonin measured by time-resolved amplified cryptate emission (TRACE) in liver transplant patients. A prognosis marker of early infectious and non-infectious postoperative complications.
Clin Chem Lab Med, 46 (2008), pp. 660-666
[13.]
G.S. Martin, D.M. Mannino, S. Eaton, M. Moss.
The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000.
N Eng J Med, 348 (2003), pp. 1546-1554
[14.]
J.G. Lijmer, B.W. Mol, S. Heisterkamp, G.J. Bowsel, M.H. Prins, J.H.P. Van der Meulen, et al.
Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests.
JAMA, 282 (1999), pp. 1061-1066
[15.]
R.R. Choudhry, R.PO. Rice, P.D. Triffit, W.M. Harper, P.J. Gregg.
Plasma viscosyty and C-reactive protein after total hip and knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg Br, 74 (1992), pp. 523-524
[16.]
R.O. Niskanen, O. Korkala, H. Pammo.
Serum C-reactive protein levels after total hip and knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg Br, 78 (1996), pp. 431-433
[17.]
R.L. Barrack, S.J. Burnett, P. Sharkey, J. Parvizi.
Diagnosing an infection: an unsolved problem.
Orthopedics, 30 (2007), pp. 777-778
[18.]
G.P. Duff, P.F. Lachiewicz, S.S. Kelley.
Aspiration of the knee joint before revision arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop Relat Res, 331 (1996), pp. 132-139
[19.]
A. Trampuz, A.D. Hanssen, D.R. Osmon, J. Mandrekar, J.M. Steckelberg, R. Patel.
Synovial fluid leukocyte count and differential for the diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection.
Am J Med, 117 (2004), pp. 556-562
[20.]
G.A. Engh, D.J. Ammeen.
Clinical manifestations of a sometimes silent disease.
Orthopedics, 22 (1999), pp. 799-801
[21.]
T.C. Horan, R.P. Gaynes, M.J. Martone, W.R. Jarvis, T.G. Emori.
CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, (1992), pp. 606-608
[22.]
M.K. Allami, W. Jamil, B. Fourie, V. Ashton, P.J. Gregg.
Superficial incisional infection in arthroplasty of the lower limb. Interobserver reliability of the current diagnostic criteria.
J Bone Joint Surg Br, 87 (2005), pp. 1267-1271
[23.]
A.P. Weiss, K.A. Krackow.
Persistant wound dreinage after primary total knee arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 8 (1993), pp. 285-289
[24.]
P.G. Bowler, B.I. Duerden, D.G. Armstrong.
Wound microbiology and associated approaches to wound management.
Clin Microbiol Rev, 14 (2001), pp. 244-269
[25.]
M.D. Ries.
Skin necrosis after total knee arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 17 (2002), pp. 74-77
[26.]
K. Vince, D. Chivas, K.P. Droll.
Wound complications after total knee arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 22 (2007), pp. 39-45
[27.]
M. Meisner.
Pathobiochemistry and clinical use of procalcitonin.
Clin Chim Acta, 323 (2002), pp. 17-29
[28.]
M. Oberhoffer, W. Karzai, A. Meier-Hellman, D. Bogel, J. Fassbinder, K. Reinhart.
Sensitivity and specicifity of variosus markers of inflammation for the prediction of tumor necrosis factor alfa and interleukin 6 in patients with sepsis.
Critical Care, 27 (1999), pp. 1814-1818
[29.]
M. Meisner, H. Adina, J. Schmidt.
Correlation of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein to inflammation, complications, and outcome during the intensive care unit course of multiple-trauma patients.
Critical Care, 10 (2006),
[30.]
G.A. Wanner, M. Keel, U. Steckholzer, et al.
Relationship between procalcitonin plasma levels and severity of injury, sepsis, organ failure, and mortality in injured patients.
Crit Care Med, 28 (2000), pp. 950-957
[31.]
A. Lavrentieva, T. Kontakiotis, L. Lazaridis, N. Tsotsolis, J. Koumis, G. Kyriazis, et al.
Inflammatory markers in patients with severe burn injury. What is the best indicator of sepsis?.
[32.]
S. Ito, N. Sato, M. Kojika, Y. Yaegashi, Y. Suzuki, K. Suzuki, et al.
Serum procalcitonin levels are elevated in esophageal cancer patients with postoperative complications.
Eur Surg Res, 37 (2005), pp. 22-28
[33.]
P.E. Falcoz, F. Laluc, M.M. Toubin, M. Puyraveau, F. Clement, M. Mercier, et al.
Usefulness of procalcitonin in the early detection of infection after thoracic surgery.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 27 (2005), pp. 1074-1078
[34.]
R. Sarbinowski, S. Arvidson, M. Tylman, T. Öresland, A. Bengtsson.
Plasma concentration of procalcitonin and systemic inflamatory response syndrome after colorectal surgery.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 49 (2005), pp. 191-196
[35.]
D. Mokart, M. Merlin, A. Sannini, J.P. Brun, J.R. Delpero, G. Houvenaeghel, et al.
Procalcitonin, interleukin 6 and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): early markers of postoperative sepsis after major surgery.
Br J Anaesth, 94 (2005), pp. 767-773
[36.]
A. Fottner, C. Birkenmaier, C. Von Schulze Pellengahr, B. Wegener, V. Jansson.
Can serum procalcitonin help to differentiate between septic and nonseptic arthritis?.
Arthroscopy, 24 (2008), pp. 229-234
[37.]
F. Macrina, L. Tritapepe, F. Pompei, A. Scingula, E. Evangelista, F. Toscano, et al.
Procalcitonin is useful whereas C-reactive protein is not to predict complications following coronary artery bypass surgery.
Perfusion, 20 (2005), pp. 169-175
[38.]
D. Mokart, M. Leone, A. Sannini, J.P. Brun, A. Tijon, J.R. Delpero, et al.
Predictive perioperative factors for developing severe sepsis after major surgery.
Br J Anaesth, 95 (2005), pp. 776-781
[39.]
J.B. Lecharny, D. Khater, R. Bronchard, I. Philip, G. Durand, J.M. Desmonts, et al.
Hyperprocalcitoninemia in patients with peryoperative myocardial infarction after cardiac surgery.
Crit Care Med, 29 (2001), pp. 235-323
[40.]
M.A. Jebali, P. Hausfater, Z. Abbes, Z. Aouni, B. Riou, M. Ferjani.
Assessment of the accuracy of procalcitonin to diagnose postoperative infection after cardiac surgery.
Anesthesiology, 107 (2007), pp. 232-238
[41.]
C. Sponholz, Y. Sakr, K. Reinhart, F. Brunkhorst.
Diagnostic value and prognostic implications of serum procalcitonin after cardiac surgery: a systematic review of the literature.
Critical Care, 10 (2006), pp. R145
[42.]
L. Simon, F. Gauvin, D.K. Amre, P. Saint-Louis, J. Lacroix.
Serum procalcitonin an C-reactive protein levels as markers of bacterial infection: a systematic review and meta-analisis.
Clin Infect Dis, 39 (2004), pp. 206-217
[43.]
A.K. Boysen, J.S. Madsen, P.E. Jorgensen.
Procalcitonin as a marker of postoperative complications.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 65 (2005), pp. 387-394
[44.]
B.M.P. Tang, G.D. Eslick, J.C. Craig, A.S. McLean.
Accuracy of Procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in critacally ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lancet Infect Dis, 7 (2007), pp. 210-217
[45.]
A.E. Jones, J.F. Fiechtl, M.D. Brown, J.J. Ballew, J.A. Kline.
Procalcitonin test in the diagnosis of bacteremia: a meta-analysis.
Ann Emerg Med, 50 (2007), pp. 34-41
Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT). All rights reserved
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos