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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
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Inicio Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial Influência do Tipo de Fio Ortodôntico e da Angulação de Segunda Ordem sobre ...
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Vol. 48. Núm. 1.
Páginas 5-14 (enero - marzo 2007)
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Vol. 48. Núm. 1.
Páginas 5-14 (enero - marzo 2007)
Investigação
Open Access
Influência do Tipo de Fio Ortodôntico e da Angulação de Segunda Ordem sobre as Forças de Fricção
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Natascha Fernandes*, Jorge Leitão**, Luis Jardim***
* Médica Dentista, Assistente Convidada de Ortodontia na Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
** Médico Estomatologista, Professor Catedrático, Regente de Biomateriais na Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
*** Médico Dentista Especialista em Ortodontia, Professor Catedrático, Regente de Ortodontia na Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
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Resumo

Este estudo avaliou as fricções estática e cinética geradas por quatro tipos de arcos ortodônticos: aço inoxidável (Stainless Steel, Ormco), β-titânio (TMA, Ormco), níquel-titânio (Ni-Ti, Ormco) e β-titânio com implantação de iões (Low Friction TMA), variando a angulação de segunda ordem entre o bracket e o fio (0°, 4° e 8°). Os arcos, foram movimentados através de brackets de aço inoxidável (Mini-Diamond, Ormco) com ranhura de 0.022 polegadas. As forças de fricção foram medidas usando uma máquina universal de testes Instrom. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise de variância factorial (3 × 4 ANOVA) seguida da comparação de médias segundo o método de Student Neuman-Keuls.

A fricção foi significativamente influenciada (p<0.0001) pelo tipo de arco ortodôntico e pela angulação. Independentemente do arco, as forças de fricção aumentaram com a angulação. Na angulação de 0°, os arcos Stainless Steel produziram valores significativamente inferiores de fricção estática em comparação com os arcos TMA. Na angulação de 4°, os arcos Ni-Ti e TMA Low Friction produziram valores significativamente inferiores de fricção. Na angulação de 8°, a fricção mais baixa foi produzida pelos arcos Ni-Ti.

Em conclusão: 1) As forças de fricção aumentaram com a angulação de segunda ordem. 2) Os arcos de aço inoxidável reduziram a fricção estática na angulação de 0°. 3) Nas angulações mais altas, os arcos de níquel titânio diminuem as forças de fricção 4) O processo de implantação de iões é um processo eficaz de reduzir a fricção.

Palavras-Chave:
Fricção
Fio ortodôntico
Implantação de iões
Angulação
Abstract

This study evaluated static and kinetic friction generated by four types of orthodontic arch wires: Stainless steel (Stainless Steel, Ormco), β-Titanium (TMA, Ormco), Nickel Titanium (Ni-Ti, Ormco), and ion implanted β- Titanium (TMA Low friction, Ormco) at three different second order angulations (0°, 4° and 8). The arch wires (0.019 × 0.025 inch) were drawn through 0.022-in slot stainless steel brackets (Mini-Diamond, Ormco) fixed on acrylic cylinders mounted on a specially designed apparatus. Friction was measured using an Instrom universal testing machine. Data was analysed by a 3 × 4 factorial Anova followed by Student Neuman-Keuls comparison of means. Static and kinetic friction were significantly affected (p<0.0001) by both second order angulation and arch wire type. With increasing angulation, friction increased for all arch wire types. At 0° angulation, Stainless Steel arch wires produced significantly lower static friction than the TMA arch wires. At the 4° angulation, both the TMA Low Friction and Ni-Ti arch wires produced lower levels of static and kinetic friction than the Stainless Steel and TMA arch wires. At the 8° angulation, Ni-Ti arch wires produced the lowest values of static and kinetic friction.

Conclusion

(1) When second-order angulation was increased, friction increased for all bracket types. (2) Stainless steel wires reduced static friction only in the passive state. (3) The nickel titanium arch wires produced lower levels of friction at higher angulations. (4) Ion implantation of arch wires is an effective way of reducing friction

Key-words:
Friction
Archwire
Ion implantation
Angulation
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(Fernandes N, Leitão J, Jardim L. Influência do Tipo de Fio Ortodôntico e da Angulação de Segunda Ordem sobre as Forças de Fricção. Rev Port Estomatol Cir Maxilofac 2007;48:5–14)

Copyright © 2007. Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária
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