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Inicio Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) Validity of the PANSS cognitive factor as a measurement of cognitive performance...
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Vol. 2. Núm. 4.
Páginas 160-168 (enero 2009)
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Vol. 2. Núm. 4.
Páginas 160-168 (enero 2009)
Original
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Validity of the PANSS cognitive factor as a measurement of cognitive performance in schizophrenia
Validez del factor cognitive de la PANSS como medida del rendimiento cognitive en esquizofrenia
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David Gil
Autor para correspondencia
crpsantpsico1@mennisant.com

Corresponding author.
, Rosario Bengochea, Marta Arrieta, Mar Fernández, Ana Álvarez, Raúl Sánchez, Raquel Prat, Alexandra Arce
Padre Menni Psychosocial Rehabilitation Centre, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a widely used instrument for measuring symptomatology in patients with schizophrenia. Numerous studies have analyzed the factorial structure of this scale and have suggested a five factor model, namely: negative, positive, excited, anxiety/depression, and disorganized (or cognitive). The latter factor has been related to neuropsychological tests, with a view to analyzing its utility as a measure of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia, but data are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to analyze the factorial structure of the PANSS and to assess the relationships between factors and neurocognitive tests.

Material and methods

The sample comprised 235 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia. To investigate the factorial structure of the PANSS, a principal component factor analysis was performed. Cognitive functioning was measured with a shortened version of the Barcelona Test.

Results

Unlike previous studies, our study obtained a six-factor model, with disorganized and cognitive symptoms separated in two different factors. The cognitive factor obtained in this study was related to all subtests of the Barcelona Test. The disorganized factor, however, was only related to two of these subtests.

Conclusions

Our results support the use of a six-factor model and suggest that the cognitive factor could be a valid measure of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, although the use of a standard neuropsychological battery is advisable.

Keywords:
PANSS
Schizophrenia
Cognitive factor
Cognitive deficits
Resumen
Introducción

La Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo (PANSS) es uno de los instrumentos más utilizados para valorar la sintomatología de los pacientes con esquizofrenia. Numerosos estudios han analizado la estructura factorial de esta escala, y han propuesto la existencia de cinco factores: negativo, positivo, excitación, ansiedad/depresión y desorganización (o cognitivo). Este último factor se ha relacionado con pruebas neuropsicológicas con la finalidad de analizar su utilidad como medida del rendimiento cognitivo en esquizofrenia, aunque no se han obtenido resultados concluyentes. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la estructura de la PANSS y relacionar los factores obtenidos con pruebas cognitivas.

Material y métodos

La muestra del estudio está compuesta por 235 pacientes, diagnosticados de esquizofrenia, que viven en la comunidad. La estructura de la PANSS se valoró mediante un análisis factorial de componentes principales. Para evaluar el rendimiento cognitivo se utilizó una versión reducida del Test Barcelona.

Resultados

A diferencia de estudios previos, se obtuvieron seis factores principales, ya que se separó el factor desorganización/cognitivo en dos factores distintos. El factor cognitivo obtenido en el estudio correlacionó con todos los subtests del Test Barcelona, mientras que el factor desorganización sólo lo hizo con dos de esos subtests.

Conclusiones

Los resultados obtenidos recomiendan utilizar un modelo factorial de seis factores, e indican que el factor cognitivo de la PANSS puede usarse como medida del rendimiento cognitivo en esquizofrenia, si bien es aconsejable realizar una evaluación neuropsicológica más amplia.

Palabras clave:
PANSS
Esquizofrenia
Factor cognitivo
Déficit cognitivos
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