metricas
covid
Buscar en
Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) Attitude Toward Antipsychotic Medication as a Predictor of Antipsychotic Treatme...
Información de la revista
Vol. 1. Núm. 1.
Páginas 10-17 (enero 2008)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 1. Núm. 1.
Páginas 10-17 (enero 2008)
Original articles
Acceso a texto completo
Attitude Toward Antipsychotic Medication as a Predictor of Antipsychotic Treatment Discontinuation in First-Episode Early-Onset Psychosis
Actitud respecto a la medicación antipsicótica como factor predictivo de la suspensión del tratamiento antipsicótico en el período inicial de la psicosis de inicio temprano
Visitas
1415
David Fraguas, Cloe Llorente, Marta Rapado-Castro, Mara Parellada, Dolores Moreno, Ana Ruiz-Sancho, Óscar Medina, Mar Álvarez-Segura, María J. de Castro, Celso Arango
Autor para correspondencia
carango@hggm.es

Corresponding author.
Unidad de Adolescentes, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Abstract
Background

Antipsychotic drug discontinuation is a key risk factor in psychosis relapses. Clinical relapse is related to poor outcome, especially in the earlier stages of psychotic illness. The attitude toward treatment during the acute phase of a first episode of psychosis has been proposed as one of the main determinants of treatment discontinuation. However, the relationship between attitude toward antipsychotic medication and treatment discontinuation in the adolescent population has not been properly assessed.

Methods

Adolescents, aged 12–18 years old, consecutively admitted to an adolescent unit with a first lifetime admission for a first episode of psychosis were asked to participate in a randomized, flexible-dose, 6-month controlled trial of olanzapine versus quetiapine. Attitude toward antipsychotic medication was assessed using the 10-item Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI). The outcome variable was all-cause treatment discontinuation over the 6-month follow-up. The study sample was composed of 42 patients (34 boys [82.9%], 8 girls [17.1%]; mean age [SD], 16.1 [1.3]).

Results

Of the 42 patients, only 29 (69%) continued the medication throught the entire 6-month follow-up, while 13 (31%) discontinued the medication. DAI scores were greater than zero at all assessments, indicating that the general attitude of the patients toward medication was positive. Higher DAI scores at baseline were related to lower all-cause treatment discontinuation (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81 [95% CI, 0.68–0.96], P=.016), while DAI scores at 15 days were unrelated to treatment discontinuation (adjusted HR = 1.0 [95% CI, 0.82–1.23], P=.998).

Conclusions

A better attitude toward antipsychotic medication at a first lifetime psychiatric admission for a first early-onset psychotic episode was significantly related to lower all-cause antipsychotic treatment discontinuation.

Key words:
Psychosis
Adolescent
First episode
Antipsychotic
Discontinuation
Attitude toward medication
Resumen
Antecedentes

La suspensión de la medicación antipsicótica constituye un factor de riesgo clave para las recurrencias en la psicosis. La recurrencia clínica está relacionada con una mala evolución, en especial en las fases más tempranas de la enfermedad psicótica. Se ha propuesto que la actitud respecto al tratamiento durante la fase aguda de un primer episodio de psicosis es uno de los principales factores determinantes de la suspensión del tratamiento. Sin embargo, la relación entre la actitud respecto a la medicación antipsicótica y la suspensión del tratamiento no se ha evaluado adecuadamente en una población adolescente.

Métodos

Se propuso a adolescentes, de entre 12 y 18 años, ingresados de forma consecutiva en una unidad de adolescentes en lo que constituía su primer ingreso como consecuencia del primer episodio de psicosis, la participación en un ensayo controlado, aleatorizado, de 6 meses, con dosis flexibles de olanzapina frente a quetiapina. Se evaluó la actitud respecto a la medicación antipsicótica utilizando el instrumento de 10 ítems Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI). La variable de valoración fue la suspensión del tratamiento por cualquier causa durante el seguimiento de 6 meses. La muestra de estudio la formaron 42 pacientes (34 varones [82,9%], 8 mujeres [17,1%]; edad media ± DE, 16,1±1,3).

Resultados

De los 42 pacientes, tan sólo 29 (69%) continuaron con la medicación durante todo el período de 6 meses de seguimiento, mientras que 13 (31%) suspendieron la medicación. Las puntuaciones del DAI fueron superiores a 0 en todas las valoraciones realizadas, lo que significa que la actitud general de los pacientes respecto a la medicación era positiva. La mayor puntuación del DAI en la situación basal estaba relacionada con una menor suspensión del tratamiento por cualquier causa (razón de riesgos [HR] ajustada = 0,81 [IC del 95%: 0,68–0,96], p=0,016), mientras que las puntuaciones del DAI a los 15 días no estaban relacionadas con la suspensión del tratamiento (HR ajustada = 1,0 [IC del 95%: 0,82–1,23], p=0,998).

Conclusiones

Una mejor actitud respecto a la medicación antipsicótica en el momento del primer ingreso psiquiátrico en la vida del paciente por un primer episodio psicótico de inicio temprano presentaba una relación significativa con una menor suspensión del tratamiento antipsicótico por cualquier causa.

Palabras clave:
Psicosis
Adolescente
Primer episodio
Antipsicótico
Suspensión
Actitud respecto a medicación
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
A. Ucok, A. Polat, S. Cakir, A. Genc.
One year outcome in first episode schizophrenia. Predictors of relapse.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 256 (2006), pp. 37-43
[2.]
E.L. Coldham, J. Addington, D. Addington.
Medication adherence of individuals with a first episode of psychosis.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 106 (2002), pp. 286-290
[3.]
J.A. Lieberman, T.S. Stroup, J.P. McEvoy, M.S. Swartz, R.A. Rosenheck, D.O. Perkins, et al.
Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
N Engl J Med, 353 (2005), pp. 1209-1223
[4.]
W. Gaebel, A. Pietzcker.
One-year outcome of schizophrenic patients— the interaction of chronicity and neuroleptic treatment.
Pharmacopsychiatry, 18 (1985), pp. 235-239
[5.]
T.J. Hudson, R.R. Owen, C.R. Thrush, X. Han, J.M. Pyne, P. Thapa, et al.
A pilot study of barriers to medication adherence in schizophrenia.
J Clin Psychiatry, 65 (2004), pp. 211-216
[6.]
O. Kampman, P. Laippala, J. Vaananen, E. Koivisto, P. Kiviniemi, N. Kilkku, et al.
Indicators of medication compliance in first-episode psychosis.
Psychiatry Res, 110 (2004), pp. 39-48
[7.]
W. Loffler, R. Kilian, M. Toumi, M.C. Angermeyer.
Schizophrenic patients’ subjective reasons for compliance and noncompliance with neuroleptic treatment.
Pharmacopsychiatry, 36 (2003), pp. 105-112
[8.]
D.O. Perkins.
Predictors of noncompliance in patients with schizophrenia.
J Clin Psychiatry, 63 (2002), pp. 1121-1128
[9.]
K. Yamada, K. Watanabe, N. Nemoto, H. Fujita, C. Chikaraishi, K. Yamauchi.
Prediction of medication noncompliance in outpatients with schizophrenia: 2-year follow-up study.
Psychiatry Res, 141 (2006), pp. 61-69
[10.]
X.F. Amador, M. Flaum, N.C. Andreasen, D.H. Strauss, S.A. Yale, S.C. Clark.
Awareness of illness in schizophrenia and schizoaffective and mood disorders.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 51 (1994), pp. 826-836
[11.]
A.G. Awad.
Subjective response to neuroleptics in schizophrenia.
Schizophr Bull, 19 (1993), pp. 609-618
[12.]
M.J. Byerly, R. Fisher, T. Carmody, A.J. Rush.
A trial of compliance therapy in outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.
J Clin Psychiatry, 66 (2005), pp. 997-1001
[13.]
O. Freudenreich, C. Cather, A.E. Evins, D.C. Henderson, D.C. Goff.
Attitudes of schizophrenia outpatients toward psychiatric medications: relationship to clinical variables and insight.
J Clin Psychiatry, 65 (2004), pp. 1372-1376
[14.]
I. García Cabeza, M. Sanz Amador, C. Arango López, M. González de Chávez.
Subjective response to antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients: clinical implications and related factors.
Schizophr Res, 41 (2000), pp. 349-355
[15.]
C.L. Hui, E.Y. Chen, C. Kan, K. Yip, C. Law, C.P. Chiu.
Anti-psychotics adherence among out-patients with schizophrenia in Hong Kong.
Keio J Med, 55 (2006), pp. 9-14
[16.]
S.H. Mutsatsa, E.M. Joyce, S.B. Hutton, E. Webb, H. Gibbins, S. Paul.
Clinical correlates of early medication adherence: West London first episode schizophrenia study.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 108 (2003), pp. 439-446
[17.]
V. Novak-Grubic, R. Tavcar.
Predictors of noncompliance in males with first-episode schizophrenia, schizophreniform and schizoaffective disorder.
Eur Psychiatry, 17 (2002), pp. 148-154
[18.]
A. Holzinger, W. Loffler, P. Muller, S. Priebe, M.C. Angermeyer.
Subjective illness theory and antipsychotic medication compliance by patients with schizophrenia.
J Nerv Ment Dis, 190 (2002), pp. 597-603
[19.]
A. Hofer, G. Kemmler, U. Eder, M. Honeder, M. Hummer, W.W. Fleisch-Hacker.
Attitudes toward antipsychotics among outpatient clinic attendees with schizophrenia.
J Clin Psychiatry, 63 (2002), pp. 49-53
[20.]
C.L. Hui, E.Y. Chen, C.S. Kan, K.C. Yip, C.W. Law, C.P. Chiu.
Detection of non-adherent behaviour in early psychosis.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 40 (2006), pp. 446-451
[21.]
J.P. McEvoy, J.A. Lieberman, D.O. Perkins, R.M. Hamer, H. Gu, A. Lazarus, et al.
Efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in the treatment of early psychosis: a randomized, double-blind 52-week comparison.
Am J Psychiatry, 164 (2007), pp. 1050-1060
[22.]
M.R. Agarwal, V.K. Sharma, K.V. Kishore Kumar, D. Lowe.
Non-compliance with treatment in patients suffering from schizophrenia: a study to evaluate possible contributing factors.
Int J Soc Psychiatry, 44 (1998), pp. 92-106
[23.]
G. Pitschel-Walz, J. Bauml, W. Bender, R.R. Engel, M. Wagner, W. Kissling.
Psychoeducation and compliance in the treatment of schizophrenia: results of the Munich Psychosis Information Project Study.
J Clin Psychiatry, 67 (2006), pp. 443-452
[24.]
L. Wunderink, F.J. Nienhuis, S. Sytema, C.J. Slooff, R. Knegtering, D. Wiersma.
Guided discontinuation versus maintenance treatment in remitted first-episode psychosis: relapse rates and functional outcome.
J Clin Psychiatry, 68 (2007), pp. 654-661
[25.]
A. Zygmunt, M. Olfson, C.A. Boyer, D. Mechanic.
Interventions to improve medication adherence in schizophrenia.
Am J Psychiatr, 159 (2002), pp. 1653-1664
[26.]
A. Hofer, M.A. Rettenbacher, M. Edlinger, G. Kemmler, C.G. Widschwendter, W.W. Fleischhacker.
Subjective response and attitudes toward antipsychotic drug therapy during the initial treatment period: a prospective follow-up study in patients with schizophrenia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 116 (2007), pp. 354-361
[27.]
A.G. Awad, T.P. Hogan.
Subjective response to neuroleptics and the quality of life: implications for treatment outcome.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl, 380 (1994), pp. 27-32
[28.]
S. Kapetanovic, G.M. Simpson.
Review of antipsychotics in children and adolescents.
Expert Opin Pharmacother, 7 (2006), pp. 1871-1885
[29.]
M. Olfson, C. Blanco, L. Liu, C. Moreno, G. Laje.
National trends in the outpatient treatment of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63 (2006), pp. 679-685
[30.]
R. Robles García, V. Salazar Alvarado, F. Páez Agraz, F. Ramírez Barreto.
Evaluación de actitudes al medicamento en pacientes con esquizofrenia: propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español del DAI.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr, 32 (2004), pp. 138-142
[31.]
S.R. Kay, A. Fiszbein, L.A. Opler.
The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.
Schizophr Bull, 13 (1987), pp. 261-276
[32.]
S.R. Kay, A. Fiszbein, M. Vital-Herne, L.S. Fuentes.
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale–Spanish adaptation.
J Nerv Ment Dis, 178 (1990), pp. 510-517
[33.]
S.R. Kay, L.A. Opler, J.P. Lindenmayer.
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): rationale and standardisation.
Br J Psy chiatry Suppl, (1989), pp. 59-67
[34.]
V. Peralta Martin, M.J. Cuesta Zorita.
Validation of positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) in a sample of Spanish schizophrenic patients.
Actas Luso Esp Neurol Psiquiatr Cienc Afin, 22 (1994), pp. 171-177
[35.]
J. Kaufman, B. Birmaher, D. Brent, U. Rao, C. Flynn, P. Moreci, et al.
Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): initial relibility and validity data.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 36 (1997), pp. 980-988
[36.]
R.E. Ulloa, S. Ortiz, F. Higuera, I. Nogales, A. Fresan, R. Apiquian, et al.
Interrater reliability of the Spanish version of Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL).
Actas Esp Psiquiatr, 34 (2006), pp. 36-40
[37.]
American-Psychiatric-Association.
Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders.
4th, American Psychiatric Association, (1994),
[38.]
C. Arango, M. Parellada, D.M. Moreno.
Clinical effectiveness of new generation antipsychotics in adolescent patients.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 14 (2004), pp. S471-S479
[39.]
I.M. Friedman, I.F. Litt.
Adolescents’ compliance with therapeutic regimens. Psychological and social aspects and intervention.
J Adolesc Health Care, 8 (1987), pp. 52-67
[40.]
H.A. Kyngas, T. Kroll, M.E. Duffy.
Compliance in adolescents with chronic diseases: a review.
J Adolesc Health, 26 (2000), pp. 379-388
[41.]
C.S. Scott, C. Lore, R.G. Owen.
Increasing medication compliance and peer support among psychiatrically diagnosed students.
J Sch Health, 62 (1992), pp. 478-480
Copyright © 2008. SEP y SEPB
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos