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Vol. 2. Núm. 2.
Páginas 89-94 (enero 2009)
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Vol. 2. Núm. 2.
Páginas 89-94 (enero 2009)
Acceso a texto completo
Variability of the COMT gene and modification of the risk of schizophrenia conferred by cannabis consumption
Variabilidad en el gen COMT y modificación del riesgo de esquizofrenia conferido por consumo de cannabis
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1648
Blanca Gutiérreza,b,
Autor para correspondencia
blancag@ugr.es

Corresponding author.
, Margarita Riveraa, Lourdes Obela, Kathryn McKenneya, Rafael Martínez-Leala, Esther Molinaa, Montse Dolzc, Susana Ochoac, Judith Usallc, Josep Maria Haroc, Miguel Ruiz-Veguillad, Francisco Torresad, Jorge Cervillaa,b,e
a CIBERSAM University of Granada, Granada, Spain
b Federico Olóriz Neuroscience Institute, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
c Sant Joan de Déu-Serveis de Salut Mental, CIBERSAM Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
d Neurotraumatology Hospital of Jaén, Jaen, Spain
e San Cecilio University Hospital, Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain
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Información del artículo
Abstract
Introduction

The risk of schizophrenia conferred by cannabis has recently been proponed to be modulated by the Val158Met polymorphism (rs4680) at the COMT gene. To date, these findings have not been replicated in independent samples.

Material and methods

We tested the potential gene-by-environment interaction between Val158Met genotype at the COMT gene and previous use of cannabis in schizophrenia in 192 healthy controls and 91 inpatients with DSM-IV schizophrenia. The functional COMT Val158Met polymorphism was analyzed using TaqMan technology. Cannabis use was measured by taking into account the frequency of intake during the previous month. Logistic regression models were used to test the interaction between genetic and environment factors.

Results

Cannabis use was strongly associated with the case condition (p<0.0001). The Val158Met polymorphism at the COMT gene was not associated with schizophrenia, although Val/Val homozygosity tended to be more frequent in the case group than in the control group (34% vs 27%; OR=1.39; 95% CI, 0.78–2.47). Finally, in women we found a non-significant trend toward the association when we tested for the interaction between cannabis use, the number of Val alleles and susceptibility to schizophrenia (p=0.152).

Conclusions

Our results tend to support recent findings suggesting that the Val- 158Met polymorphism at the COMT gene modifies the risk of schizophrenia conferred by cannabis use. In our study, this possible effect was only detected in women.

Keywords:
Cannabis
COMT
Schizophrenia
Genetic-byenvironment interaction
Resumen
Introducción

Recientemente se ha propuesto que el incremento de riesgo de esquizofrenia en relación con el consumo de cannabis podría modificarse por el polimorfismo Val- 158Met (rs4680) del gen COMT. Estos hallazgos no han sido replicados hasta el momento en muestras independientes.

Material y métodos

En una muestra de 192 controles sanos y 91 pacientes con diagnóstico DSM-IV de esquizofrenia se exploró la posible interacción genético-ambiental de COMT y consumo de cannabis y su efecto en el riesgo de esquizofrenia. El polimorfismo funcional Val158Met del gen COMT se analizó mediante tecnología TaqMan. El consumo de cannabis se determinó teniendo en cuenta la frecuencia de su uso durante el último mes. Se aplicaron modelos de regresión logística para probar perfiles de riesgo genético y/o ambiental concretos definidos a priori para la esquizofrenia.

Resultados

El consumo de cannabis tiene firme relación con la condición de enfermo (p<0,0001). El polimorfismo Val158Met del gen COMT no tenía relación con la esquizofrenia, si bien los individuos homocigotos Val/Val tendían a ser más frecuentes en el grupo de enfermos que en el de controles (el 34 frente al 27%; odds ratio=1,39; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 0,78–2,47). Por último, se detectó un incremento no significativo (p=0,152) de mujeres consumidoras de cannabis y portadoras del alelo Val en el grupo de enfermas al compararlo con el grupo control.

Conclusiones

Nuestros resultados apoyarían hallazgos recientes que describen un efecto modulador del gen COMT en el riesgo que confiere para la esquizofrenia el consumo y/o el abuso de cannabis. En nuestro estudio, este efecto sólo se observa en el grupo de mujeres.

Palabras clave:
Cannabis
COMT
Esquizofrenia
Interacción genéticoambiental
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Copyright © 2009. SEP y SEPB
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