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Inicio Seminarios de la Fundación Española de Reumatología Medición de la actividad en la espondilitis anquilosante
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Vol. 9. Núm. 1.
Páginas 59-66 (marzo 2008)
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Vol. 9. Núm. 1.
Páginas 59-66 (marzo 2008)
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Acceso a texto completo
Medición de la actividad en la espondilitis anquilosante
Visitas
23688
Ruth López-González, César Hernández-García
Servicio de Reumatología. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Madrid. España
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Resumen

La espondilitis anquilosante (EA) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de etiología desconocida que se caracteriza por inflamación de las articulaciones del esqueleto axial y periférico. El diagnóstico sigue siendo esencialmente clínico. Las metas del tratamiento son el alivio sintomático, restaurar la capacidad funcional, prevenir el daño estructural y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. La medición estructurada de la actividad de la enfermedad puede ayudar a los médicos a cumplir estos objetivos.

El grupo ASAS (Ankylosing Spondylitis Assessment Study) ha definido un núcleo de mediciones recomendadas para el seguimiento de los pacientes con EA, incluyendo la valoración global del paciente, el dolor y la rigidez vertebral, la movilidad vertebral, la afectación del esqueleto periférico y la entesis, los reactantes de fase aguda, la fatiga y la función física. El BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) es el instrumento sintético más utilizado para valorar la actividad clínica de la enfermedad. Abarca los dominios de fatiga o cansancio, dolor vertebral, dolor o tumefacción en las articulaciones periféricas, dolor entesopático, y la gravedad y duración de la rigidez matinal. El BASDAI ha demostrado ser un instrumento válido, fiable, sensible y factible para aplicar tanto en la práctica clínica diaria como en los estudios de investigación. Los criterios de mejoría ASAS y el BASDAI 50 pueden utilizarse también en la práctica clínica para valorar la respuesta a los fármacos antifactor de necrosis tumoral (anti-TNF).

Palabras clave:
Espondilitis anquilosante
Articulaciones
Entesis
BASDAI
Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by inflammation in axial and peripheral joints. Its diagnosis remains essentially clinical. Goals of therapy are symptom relief, to restore of functional ability, to prevent structural damage, and to improve quality of life of patients. A structured evaluation of disease activity might help physicians to deal with these objectives.

The ASAS Group have defined a core set of measures recommended in the follow-up of AS patients, including global patient's assessment, vertebral pain and stiffness, spinal mobility, peripheral joints and enthesis involvement, acutephase reactants, fatigue, and physical function. The BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) is a synthetic instrument more frequently employed to assess disease activity. It extends through domains of fatigue, spinal pain, tenderness or swelling of peripheral joints, enthesopathy, and severity and duration of morning stiffness. BASDAI have been shown to be a valid, reliable, sensitive and feasible instrument to apply in daily clinical practice and research studies. The ASAS improvement criteria and BASDAI 50 can be also used in clinical practice to assess response to anti-TNF drugs.

Key words:
Ankylosing spondylitis
Joints
Enthesis
BASDAI
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