Se presenta un modelo discreto que resuelve el problema bidimensional de corte y ubicación, generalmente llamado nesting (anidamiento), de gran interés en las industrias textiles. El problema consiste en minimizar el remanente o desperdicio de un material a través de la ordenación de moldes geométricamente irregulares. Como solución se propone un algoritmo heurístico polinomial, flexible porque permite evaluar distintas condiciones y restricciones del problema, y paralelizable en arquitecturas de múltiples núcleos de bajo costo. La metodología propuesta se evaluó con casos de estudio de la literatura del área y se comparan los tiempos de cómputo con una herramienta comercial del sector, obteniéndose muy buenos resultados. Además, se logra una aceleración del procesamiento de hasta 4X con respecto a la versión secuencial.
In this paper, a discrete model that solves the two-dimensional cutting problem, usually called nesting, of great interest in the textile industries is presented. The problem consists in finding the best position and orientation of irregularly shaped molds on a material without overlapping, in order to minimize the residual or waste. We propose an adaptive heuristic that evaluates various conditions and constraints of the problem, with a polynomial computational complexity that can be accelerated using multi-core architectures. The proposed methodology is evaluated using known cases of the literature of the area and the resolution times are compared with a commercial tool sector, obtaining very good results. Furthermore, it achieves acceleration up to 4X processing respect to its sequential version.
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