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Inicio Acta Colombiana de Cuidado Intensivo Incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos venosos en pacientes hospitalizados con C...
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Vol. 22. Issue S1.
Special Issue: Lecciones aprendidas del COVID-19
Pages S11-S18 (June 2022)
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Vol. 22. Issue S1.
Special Issue: Lecciones aprendidas del COVID-19
Pages S11-S18 (June 2022)
ORIGINAL
Incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos venosos en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19
Incidence of venous thromboembolic events in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
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Johnattan López Fontalvoa,
Corresponding author
jlopezf0709@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Stephany Katerine Ballesteros Palenciab, Simara Yulieth Coronado Pulidoc, Jóse Hugo Arias Boterod
a Epidemiología, Clínica Antioquia S.A./CEMDE S.A., Medellín, Colombia
b Epidemiología, Keralty S.A.S., Medellín, Colombia
c Epidemiología, HolaDr IPS S.A.S., Medellín, Colombia
d Epidemiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
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Vol. 22. Issue S1

Special Issue: Lecciones aprendidas del COVID-19

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Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Diversos estudios han reportado alteraciones tromboembólicas en los pacientes con neumonía por SARS-CoV-2, sin embargo, no se cuentan con datos definitivos acerca de los factores de riesgo para la aparición de dichos eventos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación existente entre los factores personales, clínicos y paraclínicos con el desarrollo de complicaciones tromboembólicas venosas en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19.

Métodos

Estudio de seguimiento a una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados, de agosto del 2020 a febrero del 2021, en la Clínica Antioquia de Itagüí. Se incluyeron 525 historias clínicas de pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico confirmado para SARS-CoV-2.

Resultados

Se identificó la presencia de eventos tromboembólicos en el 3% de los pacientes hospitalizados. De los pacientes con COVID-19, el 25,1% ingresó a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), el 18,9% requirió ventilación mecánica invasiva. La mortalidad por COVID-19 en nuestro estudio fue de 18,1%.

En los sujetos hospitalizados con SARS-CoV-2 se identificó asociación entre el desarrollo de eventos tromboembólicos con los niveles elevados de troponina I (HR 4,07; IC 95% 1,09-15,18), el antecedente de eventos tromboembólicos (HR 11,01; IC 95% 1,06-114,87) y trombocitopenia (HR 6,47; IC 95% 2,05-20,44).

Conclusiones

Se encontró asociación entre las complicaciones tromboembólicas y el antecedente de ETV. Igualmente se concluyó que los valores de troponina ≧0,03 ngr/mL y niveles de plaquetas < 150.000/mm3 se asocian con ETV.

Palabras clave:
COVID-19
Factores de riesgo
Tromboembolismo venoso
Tromboembolismo pulmonar
Trombosis venosa profunda
Abstract
Background and objective

Several studies have reported on the thromboembolic alterations developed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, however, there are no definitive data on the risk factors for the appearance of these events. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between personal, clinical, and paraclinical factors and the development of venous thromboembolic complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods

Follow-up study of a retrospective cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted, from August 2020 to February 2021, to the Clínica Antioquia de Itagüí. 525 medical records of patients older than 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 were included.

Results

The presence of VTE was identified in 3% of hospitalized patients. Of the patients with COVID-19, 25.1% were admitted to the intensive care unit, 18.9% required invasive mechanical ventilation. Mortality from COVID-19 in our study was 18.1%. In patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2, an increased risk of development of thromboembolic events was identified in those with elevated levels of troponin I (HR 4.07; 95% CI 1.09-15.18), a history of prior thromboembolic events (HR 11.01; 95% CI 1.06-114.87), and thrombocytopenia (HR 6.47; 95% CI 2.05-20.44).

Conclusions

An association was found between thromboembolic complications and a history of VTE. Likewise, it was concluded that troponin values ≧ .03 ng/ml and platelet levels < 150,000/mm3 are associated with VTE.

Keywords:
COVID-19
Risk factors
Venous thromboembolism
Pulmonary embolism
Deep venous thrombosis

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