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Vol. 61. Issue 4.
Pages 287-292 (January 2010)
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Vol. 61. Issue 4.
Pages 287-292 (January 2010)
Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage—Do coagulation tests and coagulopathy history have predictive value?
Hemorragia postamigdalectomía: ¿tienen las pruebas de coagulación y el historial de coagulopatía un valor predictivo?
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Olaf Zagólski
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Medical Centre ‘Medicina’, ENT Department, Poland
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Abstract
Objectives

Determining post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage (PTH) risk factors is crucial for preventing it. The aim of the study was to analyse results of coagulation tests and preoperative family and medical history of coagulation disorders in order to establish if they have predictive value for PTH.

Methods

In 222 patients aged 15–60 years, values of APTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time), prothrombin/INR ratio and platelet count as well as medical history were analysed and 15 episodes of secondary PTH occurred. This includes 3 of 9 (33.3%) patients with medical history of proneness to bruises after minor trauma and in all (4) patients who declared both relevant medical history of proneness to bruise formation after minor trauma and proneness to prolonged bleeding after injury.

Results

Five individuals had elevated APTT values and proneness to bruise formation after minor trauma, and other six patients had elevated APTT values, relevant history of frequent epistaxis and family coagulation disorders. In none of these patients PTH occurred. There was one episode of primary and no secondary PTH in 15 patients with values of APTT elevated=10% of the normal value. No PTH occurred in 6 individuals with APTT elevated by >10% of the normal value. Haemorrhage rate correlated with APTT results, proneness to bruise formation and to bleeding after injuries. Values of specificity of recurrent epistaxis, history of bruises after minor trauma and prolonged bleeding after injury were significant.

Conclusions

In healthy adults, coagulation tests results are irrelevant for the course of tonsillectomy and postoperative bleeding event. Personal medical history is important in predicting PTH.

Keywords:
Palatine tonsils
Tonsillectomy
Haemorrhage
Resumen
Objetivos

La determinación de los factores de riesgo de la hemorragia postamigdalectomía (HPA) es esencial para su prevención. El objetivo del estudio ha sido el de analizar los resultados de las pruebas de coagulación y los historiales preoperatorios familiares y médicos de desórdenes de coagulación, a fin de establecer si estos tienen un valor predictivo para la HPA.

Métodos

Se analizaron los valores de TTPA (tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activada), ratio protrombina/INR y recuento de plaquetas, así como otros historiales médicos, en 222 pacientes de edades comprendidas entre 15–60 años. Se produjeron 15 episodios de HPA secundaria. Esto incluyó a 3 de 9 (33,3%) pacientes con historial médico de propensión a hematomas tras traumas menores y a todos (4) los pacientes que declararon tanto historial médico relevante de propensión a la formación de hematomas tras traumas menores como propensión a sangrado prolongado tras lesiones.

Resultados

Cinco personas mostraron elevados valores de TTPA y propensión a la formación de hematomas tras traumas menores, y otros seis pacientes mostraron valores elevados de TTPA, historial relevante de epistaxis frecuentes y desórdenes familiares de coagulación. En ninguno de estos pacientes se produjo HPA. Se produjo un episodio de HPA primaria y no secundaria en 15 pacientes con elevados valores de TTPA, superiores a ≤ 10% respecto al valor normal. No se produjo HPA en 6 personas con TTPA elevado, superior al > 10% respecto al valor normal. El porcentaje de hemorragias se correlacionaba con los resultados de TTPA, propensión a la formación de hematomas y a sangrado tras lesiones. Los valores de especificidad de las epistaxis recurrentes, historial de hematomas tras traumas menores y sangrado prolongado tras lesiones fueron significativos.

Conclusiones

En adultos sanos, los resultados de las pruebas de coagulación son irrelevantes para el curso de la amigdalectomía y los casos de sangrado postoperatorios. El historial médico personal es importante para la predicción de la HPA.

Palabras clave:
Amígdalas palatinas
Amigdalectomía
Hemorragia

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