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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and biomarkers of atopy in children an...
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Vol. 73. Issue 5.
Pages 286-291 (September - October 2022)
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Vol. 73. Issue 5.
Pages 286-291 (September - October 2022)
Original article
Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and biomarkers of atopy in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis
Relación entre el óxido nítrico exhalado y los biomarcadores de atopia en niños y adolescentes con rinitis alérgica
Ricardo J. Saranza,
Corresponding author
rsaranz@arnet.com.ar

Corresponding author.
, Natalia A. Lozanoa, Alejandro Lozanoa, Graciela Alegrea, Paula Robredoa, Pilar Viscontia, Álvaro A. Cruzb
a Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola, Allergy and Immunology Division, Córdoba, Argentina
b Fundação ProAR and Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Abstract
Introduction

Measurement of the exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) has been proposed as an indirect and non-invasive method to detect eosinophilic airway inflammation. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is frequently associated with high levels of FeNO. Allergic sensitization can contribute to the recruitment of eosinophils in the airway and the consequent increase in FeNO.

Objective

To correlate FeNO values with inflammatory and atopic sensitization biomarkers in patients with AR.

Patients and methods

Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. Children and adolescents with AR without asthma were included. FeNO, blood eosinophil count, total serum IgE were determined and skin tests with aeroallergens were performed by calculating the scores for PPC1 (number of positive allergens), STS2 (sum of millimeters of positive papules) and the atopy index (ratio between STS2/STS1). Spearman's correlation test was used between FeNO and variables of inflammation and atopy.

Results

Twenty-eight patients between 6 and 17 years old were included. There was a significant positive correlation between FeNO and blood eosinophils (r=.38; p=.047) and between FeNO and the atopy index (r=.40; p=.03). No correlation was found between FeNO and total serum IgE (r=.24; p=.21), STS1 (r=.20; p=.32) and STS2 (r=.34; p=.08).

Conclusion

In children and adolescents with AR, FeNO was correlated with the atopy index and the blood eosinophil count. These last biomarkers could be used as alternatives for FeNO as biomarkers of lower airway inflammation in patients with AR.

Keywords:
Nitric oxide
Immunoglobulin E
Eosinophil
Rhinitis
Skin test
Allergen
Resumen
Antecedentes

La determinación de la fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico (FeNO) ha sido propuesta como un método indirecto no invasivo para detectar la inflamación eosinofílica de la vía aérea. La rinitis alérgica (RA) se asocia frecuentemente con la FeNO elevada. La sensibilización a alérgenos puede contribuir al reclutamiento de eosinófilos en la vía aérea y el consiguiente incremento de la FeNO.

Objetivos

Correlacionar los valores de la FeNO con los biomarcadores inflamatorios y de sensibilización atópica en los pacientes con RA.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio observacional, analítico y transversal. Se incluyeron niños y adolescentes con RA, sin asma. Se determinó la FeNO, el recuento de eosinófilos en sangre, la IgE sérica total, y se realizaron pruebas cutáneas con aeroalérgenos calificando los puntajes PPC1 (número de alérgenos positivos), PPC2 (suma de los milímetros de las pápulas positivas) y el índice de atopia (cociente entre milímetros de pápulas positivas/número de antígenos positivos). Se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Spearman entre la FeNO y las variables de inflamación y atopia.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 28 pacientes entre 6 y 17 años. Se comprobó una correlación positiva significativa entre la FeNO y los eosinófilos en sangre (r=0,38; p=0,047), y el índice de atopia (r=0,40; p=0,03). No hubo correlación entre la FeNO con IgE sérica total (r=0,24; p=0,21) y con PPC1 (r=0,20; p=0,32) y PPC2 (r=0,34; p=0,08).

Conclusiones

En niños y adolescentes con RA, la FeNO se correlacionó con el recuento de eosinófilos hemáticos y el índice de atopia. Estos últimos podrían utilizarse como sustitutos de la FeNO como biomarcadores de inflamación bronquial en pacientes con RA.

Palabras clave:
Óxido nítrico
Inmunoglobulina E
Eosinófilo
Rinitis
Pruebas cutáneas
Alérgeno

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